Search results

1 – 10 of over 17000
Per page
102050
Citations:
Loading...
Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2018

Muhammad Asraf Abdullah and NurulHuda Mohd Satar

This chapter examines the influence of outsourcing on airlines’ performance from countries of the Asia Pacific region. Performance in the context of this study is drawn from…

Abstract

This chapter examines the influence of outsourcing on airlines’ performance from countries of the Asia Pacific region. Performance in the context of this study is drawn from productivity growth and technical efficiency scores that are calculated using the standard data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. We utilize data from airlines over the period 2003–2011 and estimate the impact of outsourcing on productivity and technical efficiency using generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators. The findings from DEA reveal an improvement in the technical efficiency score of airlines from Asia Pacific. Nonetheless, productivity estimates indicate fluctuations in the productivity growth trend of airlines, attributable to global economic recession in 2007/2008. GMM estimation results, however, suggest negative impacts of outsourcing on technical efficiency and productivity of the airlines from Asia Pacific countries. We offer several explanations for these outsourcing findings. Heavy outsourcing of airlines activities particularly maintenance of aircraft may negatively affect aircraft utilization and ultimately erode the service level of airlines. The erosion of the service level of airlines would affect the demand for air travel in a downward manner, thereby lowering the technical efficiency and productivity of airlines. Also, relatively low labor costs enjoyed by airlines in the Asia Pacific region would suggest that having many airline activities in-house would save operating expenses attributable to labor costs.

Access Restricted. View access options

Abstract

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 1 July 2009

Martin Renze‐Westendorf, Dirk Schiereck and Felix Zeidler

We study the wealth effects of 177 domestic and cross‐border acquisitions announced by Spanish corporations between 1990 and 2004. Our findings show that domestic transactions…

1830

Abstract

We study the wealth effects of 177 domestic and cross‐border acquisitions announced by Spanish corporations between 1990 and 2004. Our findings show that domestic transactions significantly outperform international transactions. However, controlling for several firm and transaction characteristics, we do not find any cross‐border effect for acquisitions of Spanish firms. Short‐term valuation is driven by three factors in particular. Target size and bidder’s profitability negatively affect announcement returns, whereas transactions in related industries have a positive effect. Our results may indicate that in contrast to prior empirical findings, international diversification incurs higher costs than synergies and is, among others, driven by managerial and ownership factors.

Details

Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1536-5433

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 26 August 2019

Ryan Scrivens, Tiana Gaudette, Garth Davies and Richard Frank

Purpose – This chapter examines how sentiment analysis and web-crawling technology can be used to conduct large-scale data analyses of extremist content online.Methods/approach �…

Abstract

Purpose – This chapter examines how sentiment analysis and web-crawling technology can be used to conduct large-scale data analyses of extremist content online.

Methods/approach – The authors describe a customized web-crawler that was developed for the purpose of collecting, classifying, and interpreting extremist content online and on a large scale, followed by an overview of a relatively novel machine learning tool, sentiment analysis, which has sparked the interest of some researchers in the field of terrorism and extremism studies. The authors conclude with a discussion of what they believe is the future applicability of sentiment analysis within the online political violence research domain.

Findings – In order to gain a broader understanding of online extremism, or to improve the means by which researchers and practitioners “search for a needle in a haystack,” the authors recommend that social scientists continue to collaborate with computer scientists, combining sentiment analysis software with other classification tools and research methods, as well as validate sentiment analysis programs and adapt sentiment analysis software to new and evolving radical online spaces.

Originality/value – This chapter provides researchers and practitioners who are faced with new challenges in detecting extremist content online with insights regarding the applicability of a specific set of machine learning techniques and research methods to conduct large-scale data analyses in the field of terrorism and extremism studies.

Details

Methods of Criminology and Criminal Justice Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-865-9

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 1 January 1993

C.R. Pickering, W.A. Craig, M.F. Barker, J. Cocker, P.C. Donohue and G. Vanrietvelde

Complex mixed metallurgy multilayers require a very robust dielectric to withstand shorting or blistering effects, together with high density for long‐term reliability in humid…

28

Abstract

Complex mixed metallurgy multilayers require a very robust dielectric to withstand shorting or blistering effects, together with high density for long‐term reliability in humid environments. The development and performance of a new multilayer dielectric which meets these needs is presented here. A dielectric frit chemistry has been developed with a view to eliminating short circuits and blistering induced by the proximity of dissimilar metallurgies on multiple refiring. Appropriate filler technology has also been developed to optimise dielectric density, toughness and laser‐trim properties. High density has yielded excellent HBT (High Bias Temperature) and HHBT (High Humidity Bias Test) performance. Data on multilayer circuit bowing are presented which take account of the interaction of conductor frit and the dielectric on firing. Silver conductor is employed in inner layers to optimise conductivity and cost. A new 1:3 PdAg conductor for termination of components and resistors also permits heavy Al wire bonding with good aged performance. 25 µm Au and 37 µm Al wire bonding is facilitated by gold conductor on dielectric. The laser trim characteristics of a new resistor series on dielectric are described. The materials system has been tested in a complex multilayer structure which, with the use of a new silver via fill conductor, resulted in defect‐free circuits with zero yield loss.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 24 February 2023

Berdy Briggitte Cuya-Velásquez, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Marián Arias-Meza, Maria de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario and Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales

An important sector that presents continuous growth year after year and one of the most notable economic sectors worldwide is hospitality and tourism (H&T). For this reason, many…

Abstract

An important sector that presents continuous growth year after year and one of the most notable economic sectors worldwide is hospitality and tourism (H&T). For this reason, many enterprises have been created and developed. Each journey could face several challenges, such as economic, social, political, environmental, and technological. This study examines research and case studies about H&T entrepreneurship and provides new insights into the current industry about all aspects that affect entrepreneurship development. Additionally, the impacts of the spread of COVID-19 in the current industry and the changes in the awareness of tourists to enjoy more sustainable tourism that protects the planet during their daily operations are addressed; this being a new opportunity for business so that entrepreneurs can compete in a hypercompetitive market.

Details

Sustainable Management in COVID-19 Times
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-597-7

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 5 October 2022

Amy Wong and Yu-Chen Hung

This paper aims to examine the antecedents of brand passion and brand community commitment, namely, self-congruity and athlete attraction, as well as their effects on online brand…

2173

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the antecedents of brand passion and brand community commitment, namely, self-congruity and athlete attraction, as well as their effects on online brand advocacy in online brand communities.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample comprises members of a Facebook football fan club brand community. An online survey measuring athlete-level factors, team-level factors and online brand advocacy provides data to test the conceptual framework using structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The findings of this paper support the positive spillover effect from athlete subbrand to team brand advocacy, as self-congruity exerted positive effects on brand passion and brand community commitment, while athlete attraction influenced brand community commitment, leading to online brand advocacy.

Research limitations/implications

The findings validate the dimensions of online brand advocacy and advance research on sports brand hierarchy in brand architecture by establishing the transference effect from athlete to the team brand.

Practical implications

To effectively manage their brands online, brand managers need to pay attention to the powerful and multifaceted tool of online brand advocacy. Brand managers can capitalize on their active advocates by working closely with them to co-create uplifting and authentic brand stories that are worthwhile for sharing, especially in times of crisis.

Originality/value

Building on the developmental trajectory of brand love and vicarious brand experience, the findings verify the directionality of the spillover effect and offer insights into the development of brand advocacy across different brand levels.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 9 November 2012

Soheil Ganjefar and Mojtaba Alizadeh

The power system is complex multi‐component dynamic system with many operational levels made up of a wide range of energy sources with many interaction points. Low frequency…

229

Abstract

Purpose

The power system is complex multi‐component dynamic system with many operational levels made up of a wide range of energy sources with many interaction points. Low frequency oscillations are observed when large power systems are interconnected by relatively weak tie lines. These oscillations may sustain and grow to cause system separation if no adequate damping is available. The present paper aims to propose an on‐line self‐learning PID (OLSL‐PID) controller in order to damp the low frequency power system oscillations in a single‐machine system.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed OLSL‐PID is used as a controller in order to damp the low frequency power system oscillations. It has a local nature because of its powerful adaption process based on back‐propagation (BP) algorithm that is implemented through an adaptive self‐recurrent wavelet neural network identifier (ASRWNNI). In fact PID controller parameters are updated in on‐line mode, using BP algorithm based on the information provided by the ASRWNNI which is a powerful fast‐acting identifier because of its local nature, self‐recurrent structure and stable training algorithm with ALRs based on discrete lyapunov stability theorem.

Findings

The proposed control scheme is applied to a single machine infinite bus power system under different operating conditions and disturbances. The nonlinear time‐domain simulation results are promising and show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller and also reveal that: because of the high adaptability, the local behavior and high flexibility of the OLSL‐PID controller, it can be damp the low frequency oscillations in the best possible manner and significantly improves the stability performance of the system.

Originality/value

The proposed controller adaption process is done in each sampling period using a powerful adaption law based on BP algorithm. Also during the process the system sensitivity is provided by a powerful fast‐acting identifier. As an alternative to multi‐layer perceptron neural network, self‐recurrent wavelet neural networks (SRWNNs) which combine the properties such as attractor dynamics of recurrent neural network and the fast convergence of the wavelet neural network were proposed to identify synchronous generator. Also to help the OLSL‐PID stability first, PID parameters tuning problem under a wide range of operating conditions is converted to an optimization problem which solved by a chaotic optimization algorithm (COA), and afterwards PID controller is hooked up in the system and on‐line tuning is done in each sampling period.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 31 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 1 January 1990

T.T. Hitch

The paper describes two well‐known and occasionally confused mechanisms for degradation of electronic circuitry. Intended as a tutorial for individuals working in electronic…

35

Abstract

The paper describes two well‐known and occasionally confused mechanisms for degradation of electronic circuitry. Intended as a tutorial for individuals working in electronic packaging who have limited background in materials and little experience with these mechanisms, the paper defines and describes the two latent shorting phenomena. Major papers and conferences dealing with the phenomena are cited. Electrolytic or electrochemical shorting is an electrical field‐induced mechanism that can destroy the integrity of modern, densely packed circuits operated in the presence of moisture and ionic contaminants. Examples of copper migration to form electroplated shorts in both thick film hybrid multilayer and printed circuit multilayer boards are discussed, and common features to both systems are outlined. Related mechanisms that may occur with the simple electrochemical (metal plating) mechanisms to produce a broad array of electrical isolation breakdowns are also described. The closing of this part of the paper is a brief review of the Sarnoff‐developed RCA/GE multilayer copper materials system. By design this system solves the problems raised regarding thick film copper multilayer latent failure mechanisms. The discussion of whisker growth is limited to proper whiskers, including those that grow without the application of external stress, squeeze whiskers, and whiskers that result from classic electromigration. All of these grow from solid sources in contact with the whisker. The whisker growth direction is not electrical field related. Identification is made of Sn, Cd, Sb and Zn as the materials classically found to grow whiskers at room temperature. Avoiding the use of electroplated films of Cd, Sb and Zn in close proximity to electronic circuitry is encouraged, and the modern requirements that Sn films be used only after melting, or be alloyed with lead, and not on brass substrates are discussed. In more recent literature indium alloys have been identified as room temperature whisker growth systems. Finally, mechanical design to eliminate squeeze whisker shorting that can result from fasteners in contact with the above and other metals is briefly treated.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 1 February 1993

J.V. Manca, L. De Schepper, W. De Ceuninck, M. D'Olieslager, L.M. Stals, M.F. Barker, C.R. Pickering, W.A. Craig, E. Beyne and J. Roggen

In this paper, it is shown that the so‐called in‐situ electrical measurement technique is a valuable tool for understanding failure mechanisms in thick film dielectrics. The…

53

Abstract

In this paper, it is shown that the so‐called in‐situ electrical measurement technique is a valuable tool for understanding failure mechanisms in thick film dielectrics. The technique makes it possible to measure important electrical characteristics of thick film dielectric systems in the temperature range from room temperature up to 900°C. This information is essential to understand failure mechanisms and to optimise the system with respect to quality and reliability. Mainly two electrical properties have been investigated: (i) the electrical resistance of the dielectric as a function of temperature and (ii) the spontaneous electromotive force occurring at higher temperatures between two metal layers with the dielectric in between. A significant result of the work is the observation of a close correlation between the leakage current measured through the dielectric at elevated temperatures, and the ability of the dielectric to resist shorting and blistering effects during the preparation of circuits. Secondly, from in‐situ voltage measurements, it was confirmed that the mixed metallurgy system Au(bottom)‐dielectric‐Ag(top) acts at 850°C as a spontaneous battery, and the battery voltage (i.e., the spontaneous electromotive force) was measured. Depending on the type of dielectric, a battery voltage up to 200 mV between the two metal layers was observed. As a result of this spontaneous electromotive force, blistering occurs. The battery voltage was shown to be much smaller in unmixed metallurgy systems with Ag(bottom)‐dielectric‐Ag(top) or Au(bottom)‐dielectric‐Au(top). However, if an external voltage of 300 mV is applied to such a system during a temperature profile up to 850°C, blisters can also be induced. This shows unambiguously that blistering is a voltage driven effect.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

1 – 10 of over 17000
Per page
102050