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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2021

Kai Leung Yung, George To Sum Ho, Yuk Ming Tang and Wai Hung Ip

This project attempts to present a space component inventory classification system for space inventory replenishment and management. The authors propose to adopt a classification…

1297

Abstract

Purpose

This project attempts to present a space component inventory classification system for space inventory replenishment and management. The authors propose to adopt a classification system that can incorporate all the different variables in a multi-criteria configuration. Fuzzy logic is applied as an effective way for formulating classification problems in space inventory replenishment.

Design/methodology/approach

A fuzzy-based approach with ABC classification is proposed to incorporate all the different variables in a multi-criteria configuration. Fuzzy logic is applied as an effective way for formulating classification problems in space inventory replenishment of the soil preparation system (SOPSYS) which is used in grinding and sifting Phobos rocks to sub-millimeter size in the Phobos-Grunt space mission. An information system was developed using the existing platform and was used to support the key aspects in performing inventory classification and purchasing optimization.

Findings

The proposed classification system was found to be able to classify the inventory and optimize the purchasing decision efficiency. Based on the information provided from the system, implementation plans for the SOPSYS project and related space projects can be proposed.

Research limitations/implications

The paper addresses one of the main difficulties in handling qualitative or quantitative classification criteria. The model can be implemented using mathematical calculation tools and integrated into the existing inventory management system. The proposed model has important implications in optimizing the purchasing decisions to shorten the research and development of other space instruments in space missions.

Originality/value

Inventory management in the manufacture of space instruments is one of the major problems due to the complexity of the manufacturing process and the large variety of items. The classification system can optimize purchasing decision-making in the inventory management process. It is also designed to be flexible and can be implemented for the manufacture of other space mission instruments.

Details

Industrial Management & Data Systems, vol. 121 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-5577

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Article
Publication date: 11 November 2024

Mayank Gupta

The study investigates the influence of managerial discretion over accruals on banks' financial reporting quality. Furthermore, it examines the role of ownership in shaping…

129

Abstract

Purpose

The study investigates the influence of managerial discretion over accruals on banks' financial reporting quality. Furthermore, it examines the role of ownership in shaping managerial incentives to manipulate banks’ reporting quality in a developing economy.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample includes 37 Indian public- and private-sector banks from the fiscal year 2001–2022. The discretionary LLP (DLLP) is used to examine various managerial incentives and accounting quality. The models are estimated using panel fixed-effect regression and the system generalized method of moments. The results survive several sensitivity checks.

Findings

The results exhibit a low quality of financial reporting in public-sector banks, which is evident through the higher use of DLLP for income smoothing and signaling. In contrast, the low-capitalized private-sector banks employ DLLP to manage capital.

Research limitations/implications

The study’s sample size is relatively small and focuses on a single country. Future researchers can investigate other emerging economies to better generalize the findings of this study.

Practical implications

The study highlights the influential role of ownership in shaping managerial incentives in the banking industry. Moreover, the study is of utmost importance for governments, regulators and policymakers in devising policies that reduce agency conflicts and improve financial stability in emerging economies.

Originality/value

The study subscribes to the growing literature on the role of ownership in influencing the banks’ financial reporting quality. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is one of the limited studies in the context of government-owned vs private-owned banks in an emerging economy.

Details

Journal of Applied Accounting Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0967-5426

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2002

Donald C.K. Chan, K.L. Yung and Andrew W.H. Ip

The successfulness of total quality management is dependent on the initiative of employees to apply their problem solving techniques continuously. However, the performance…

1236

Abstract

The successfulness of total quality management is dependent on the initiative of employees to apply their problem solving techniques continuously. However, the performance evaluation is quite subjective since it relies on the individual judgements of supervisors who have different perceptions of the process performance. This paper presents a performance measurement system to determine the priority in execution of quality improvement according to the performances of processes. Using a model containing a set of strategy‐related performance measures, misdirection of implementation of improvement projects due to subjective evaluation of process performance can be reduced. A fuzzy set of quality measures is introduced to calculate numerical quality rating for processes. The model is simulated and experimented on with a conventional improvement implementation practice. It is expected that the proposed model is superior in the major competitive capabilities including quality, cost flexibility, delivery reliability and speed.

Details

Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 13 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6061

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Article
Publication date: 9 January 2007

K.L. Yung and S.M. Ko

This paper sets out to present the weight optimization of sampling drill‐bits which is designed for European Space Agency – Beagle 2 Mars Express mission.

1505

Abstract

Purpose

This paper sets out to present the weight optimization of sampling drill‐bits which is designed for European Space Agency – Beagle 2 Mars Express mission.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, two techniques, finite element analysis and numerical optimization, are employed to find out the optimal solution within the various constraints.

Findings

The result shows that the total weight of sampling drill‐bits was reduced over 76.7 percent.

Originality/value

The proposed methodology can also be applied in different engineering design applications and provides a total integrated solution as a generic template for design engineers.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2000

W.H. Ip, K.C. Lee, K.L. Yung and R. Yam

In the majority of public utilities, achieving optimum utilisation of existing capital assets for meeting future predicted demand is a major function at all levels of management…

1608

Abstract

In the majority of public utilities, achieving optimum utilisation of existing capital assets for meeting future predicted demand is a major function at all levels of management. In this paper, a set of maintenance strategies and a computerised Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system for achieving an integrated maintenance management is described. The objective of the integrated system is to enable maintenance projects to be better controlled and resources to be properly utilised. A case study is used to illustrate the proposed maintenance strategies which include the identification of real time and historical data required to measure, visualise and quantify the progress of maintenance activities. Existing and proposed systems and procedures are analysed and discussed with major recommendations included for the design and implementation of this integrated system.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2000

Joseph W.K. Chan, K.L. Yung and N.D. Burns

Examines the logistics environment and the manufacturing logistics strategy in Hong Kong, based on six case studies. The manufacturing structure of Hong Kong industry is…

3252

Abstract

Examines the logistics environment and the manufacturing logistics strategy in Hong Kong, based on six case studies. The manufacturing structure of Hong Kong industry is identified. The following logistics strategies adopted by Hong Kong companies are discussed: market intelligence, sourcing, front‐end activities, manufacturing distribution, back‐end activities, vertical integration, ethnic network, free market, and information technology. The logistics related environmental factors that are taken into consideration include geographical location, telecommunication infrastructure, finance infrastructure, air transportation infrastructure, sea transportation infrastructure, road transportation infrastructure, professional services, culture, and information technology. A framework of environment‐strategy (E‐S) fit is developed in the perspectives of Hong Kong manufacturing logistics. The factors contributing to the manufacturing success in Hong Kong are also discussed.

Details

Logistics Information Management, vol. 13 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6053

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Article
Publication date: 31 May 2023

Md Jahidur Rahman, Hongtao Zhu and Xinyi Jiang

This study aims to investigate whether auditors compromise their independence for economically important clients in family business settings.

287

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate whether auditors compromise their independence for economically important clients in family business settings.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors empirically examine the research question based on China for the years 2011 to 2020. The dependent variable is the auditors’ propensity to issue modified audit opinions, which is a proxy for auditor independence. The authors use relative client audit fees as a proxy for client importance. To address endogeneity issues in the selection of family firms, the authors use the two-stage least squares regression model and, subsequently, the propensity score matching and Hausman firm fixed effect modeling.

Findings

This study reveals that the propensity to issue modified audit opinions is positively correlated with client importance. Big-N auditors are more likely to issue modified audit opinions for their economically important family firm clients, whereas such evidence is not found for non-Big-N auditors. Results are consistent and robust to endogeneity test and sensitivity analysis.

Originality/value

This study enriches the literature on auditor independence and the effect of family firms’ ownership structure factors on audit reporting behavior for their economically important clients. Findings may prove useful for managers and practitioners interested in family business.

Details

Meditari Accountancy Research, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-372X

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 1999

Chi Keung Donald Chan, K.L. Yung and W.H. Ip

A way of initiating and sustaining the implementation of total quality management (TQM) by exploiting the widely adopted manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) is presented. A…

1734

Abstract

A way of initiating and sustaining the implementation of total quality management (TQM) by exploiting the widely adopted manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) is presented. A detailed analysis of MRP II software has found that they have a number of inherent features that can be further extended to organizational performance including operations efficiency, responsiveness, company‐wide problem‐solving capability and product quality. This paper contributes in the development of a model for the MRP II with the incorporation of mechanisms to initiate a culture change in the organization towards TQM. In the adaptation of MRP II to guide the implementation of TQM, a structural analysis technique was proposed to help develop a model and methodology for the integration. In the structural analysis, an IDEF model of a “reference” company structure was created to illustrate and describe the integration. The reference company, which is a lamp manufacturer, is used to illustrate the systematic implementation of the TQM philosophy through adaptation of the MRP II software. The study demonstrates that MRP II can be adapted to provide the drive for effective implementation of TQM for productivity and profits.

Details

Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 10 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6061

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Article
Publication date: 31 July 2014

Francesco Capalbo, Alex Frino, Vito Mollica and Riccardo Palumbo

Opposition to transnational calls for the adoption of accrual-based accounting in the public sector may stem from arguments that it is associated with poor earnings quality. The…

3892

Abstract

Purpose

Opposition to transnational calls for the adoption of accrual-based accounting in the public sector may stem from arguments that it is associated with poor earnings quality. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether state owned enterprises (SOEs) operating under accrual-based accounting manage their earnings, whether it is more prevalent vis-à-vis privately owned enterprises (POEs) and the conditions under which it is more likely to occur.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper measures earnings management for a large sample of unlisted Italian SOEs and POEs using a framework developed by Stubben (2010). The authors use regression analysis to estimate the variables which predict abnormal accruals including firm size, leverage and profitability.

Findings

The authors find no evidence that the level of state ownership (SO) is positively correlated with accrual-based earnings management. The authors also provide evidence that earnings management by SOEs decreases with firm size and increases with profitability.

Research limitations/implications

While the study is the first to examine earnings management in a public sector accrual accounting environment for a sample of European firms, namely Italian firms, the authors call for more research into this issue examining public entities in other European Union (EU) member states or public entities other than SOEs.

Practical implications

The EU recently introduced a new transnational accounting directive in which it prescribes the preparation of financial statements based on accrual accounting for all European public sector entities, arguing that it reduces the window dressing that is allowed by cash accounting. Since Italian SOEs already prepare their accounts on an accruals-basis, by analysing their accounting behaviour the authors are able to determine the variables which predict when earning management is more likely to occur in a public sector accrual accounting environment, and therefore the authors provide guidance which may be useful in shaping the transition process from cash accounting to accrual accounting by identifying the types of entities whose accounts should be subject to greater regulatory scrutiny. A better understanding of the relation between SO and earnings management will provide insight into public sector corporate governance and aid in the acceptance of transnational regulation that would otherwise significantly alter current accounting practices and possibly be opposed at a national level.

Originality/value

Earnings management in a public sector accrual accounting environment had been analysed only for Chinese listed companies. The authors extend previous analysis to a sample of European (Italian) SOEs which are unlisted. The authors also extend previous work by determining the characteristics of firms which manage their earnings.

Details

Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3574

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2024

Ning Yuan and Meijuan Li

This study identifies a methodology to explore the issues of enterprise innovation ecosystem health (EIEH).

87

Abstract

Purpose

This study identifies a methodology to explore the issues of enterprise innovation ecosystem health (EIEH).

Design/methodology/approach

First, this study constructs the indicator system of EIEH based on the research objective; second, the dynamic vertical projection method (DVPM) and entropy weight method are proposed to analyze the status and influencing factors of EIEH; finally, the future development of EIEH is analyzed using GM (1,1).

Findings

In terms of methodology, the DVPM can effectively analyze EIEH, which can not only analyze the development status and potential of EIEH every year but also analyze the comprehensive state of EIEH for many years. In terms of practice, the value and grade of EIEH in China have been gradually increasing from 2016 to 2020, but the overall development is unbalanced, and five key factors affecting EIEH have been identified. The EIEH in China is predicted to steadily grow from 2021 to 2025.

Originality/value

The analytical method employed in this study can effectively analyze EIEH, which provides a new analytical perspective for the evaluation of EIEH and enriches the research content of the enterprise innovation ecosystem (EIE). By analyzing the results, we can gain a comprehensive understanding of the state of different EIEs, enabling each EIE to design tailored remedial measures to enhance EIEH and achieve sustainable development.

Details

Management Decision, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

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