Zongwu Cai, Jingping Gu and Qi Li
There is a growing literature in nonparametric econometrics in the recent two decades. Given the space limitation, it is impossible to survey all the important recent developments…
Abstract
There is a growing literature in nonparametric econometrics in the recent two decades. Given the space limitation, it is impossible to survey all the important recent developments in nonparametric econometrics. Therefore, we choose to limit our focus on the following areas. In Section 2, we review the recent developments of nonparametric estimation and testing of regression functions with mixed discrete and continuous covariates. We discuss nonparametric estimation and testing of econometric models for nonstationary data in Section 3. Section 4 is devoted to surveying the literature of nonparametric instrumental variable (IV) models. We review nonparametric estimation of quantile regression models in Section 5. In Sections 2–5, we also point out some open research problems, which might be useful for graduate students to review the important research papers in this field and to search for their own research interests, particularly dissertation topics for doctoral students. Finally, in Section 6 we highlight some important research areas that are not covered in this paper due to space limitation. We plan to write a separate survey paper to discuss some of the omitted topics.
Yang Zhao, Jin-Ping Lee and Min-Teh Yu
Catastrophe (CAT) events associated with natural catastrophes and man-made disasters cause profound impacts on the insurance industry. This research thus reviews the impact of CAT…
Abstract
Purpose
Catastrophe (CAT) events associated with natural catastrophes and man-made disasters cause profound impacts on the insurance industry. This research thus reviews the impact of CAT risk on the insurance industry and how traditional reinsurance and securitized risk-transfer instruments are used for managing CAT risk.
Design/methodology/approach
This research reviews the impact of CAT risk on the insurance industry and how traditional reinsurance and securitized risk-transfer instruments are used for managing CAT risk. Apart from many negative influences, CAT events can increase the net revenue of the insurance industry around CAT events and improve insurance demand over the post-CAT periods. The underwriting cycle of reinsurance causes inefficiencies in transferring CAT risks. Securitized risk-transfer instruments resolve some inefficiencies of the reinsurance market, but are subject to moral hazard, basis risk, credit risk, regulatory uncertainty, etc. The authors introduce some popular securitized solutions and use Merton's structural framework to demonstrate how to value these CAT-linked securities. The hybrid solutions by combining reinsurance with securitized CAT instruments are expected to offer promising applications for CAT risk management.
Findings
The authors introduce some popular securitized solutions and use Merton's structural framework to demonstrate how to value these CAT-linked securities. The hybrid solutions by combining reinsurance with securitized CAT instruments are expected to offer promising applications for CAT risk management.
Originality/value
This research reviews a broad array of impacts of CAT risks on the (re)insurance industry. CAT events challenge (re)insurance capacity and influence insurers' supply decisions and reconstruction costs in the aftermath of catastrophes. While losses from natural catastrophes are the primary threat to property–casualty insurers, the mortality risk posed by influenza pandemics is a leading CAT risk for life insurers. At the same time, natural catastrophes and man-made disasters cause distinct impacts on (re)insures. Man-made disasters can increase the correlation between insurance stocks and the overall market, and natural catastrophes reduce the above correlation. It should be noted that huge CAT losses can also improve (re)insurance demand during the postevent period and thus bring long-term effects to the (re)insurance industry.
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Haiwei Zhu, Hongfa Yu, Haiyan Ma, Bo Da and Qiquan Mei
The purpose of this paper is to compare the effect of rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials on the service life of RC structures in tropical marine environments and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare the effect of rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials on the service life of RC structures in tropical marine environments and ultimately to provide basis and recommendations for the durability design of reinforced concrete (RC) structures.
Design/methodology/approach
Slag concrete specimens mixed with four kinds of rust inhibitors and coated with four kinds of surface strengthening materials were corroded by seawater exposure for 365 days, and the key parameters of chloride ion diffusion were obtained by testing. Then a new service life prediction model, based on the modified model for chloride ion diffusion and reliability theory, was applied to analyze the effect of rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials on the service life of RC structures in tropical marine environments.
Findings
Rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials can effectively extend the service life of RC structures through different effects on chloride ion diffusion behavior. The effects of rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials on the service life extension of RC structures adhered to the following trend: silane material > cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof material > hydrophobic plug compound > spray polyurea elastomer > water-based permeable crystalline waterproof material > calcium nitrite > preservative > amino-alcohol composite.
Originality/value
Using a new method for predicting the service life of RC structures, the attenuation law of the service life of RC structures under the action of rust inhibitors and surface strengthening materials in tropical marine environments is obtained.
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Yifeng Zheng, Xianlong Zeng, Wenjie Zhang, Baoya Wei, Weishuo Ren and Depeng Qing
As intelligent technology advances, practical applications often involve data with multiple labels. Therefore, multi-label feature selection methods have attracted much attention…
Abstract
Purpose
As intelligent technology advances, practical applications often involve data with multiple labels. Therefore, multi-label feature selection methods have attracted much attention to extract valuable information. However, current methods tend to lack interpretability when evaluating the relationship between different types of variables without considering the potential causal relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
To address the above problems, we propose an ensemble causal feature selection method based on mutual information and group fusion strategy (CMIFS) for multi-label data. First, the causal relationship between labels and features is analyzed by local causal structure learning, respectively, to obtain a causal feature set. Second, we eliminate false positive features from the obtained feature set using mutual information to improve the feature subset reliability. Eventually, we employ a group fusion strategy to fuse the obtained feature subsets from multiple data sub-space to enhance the stability of the results.
Findings
Experimental comparisons are performed on six datasets to validate that our proposal can enhance the interpretation and robustness of the model compared with other methods in different metrics. Furthermore, the statistical analyses further validate the effectiveness of our approach.
Originality/value
The present study makes a noteworthy contribution to proposing a causal feature selection approach based on mutual information to obtain an approximate optimal feature subset for multi-label data. Additionally, our proposal adopts the group fusion strategy to guarantee the robustness of the obtained feature subset.
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Zuanbo Zhou, Wenxin Yu, Junnian Wang, Yanming Zhao and Meiting Liu
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional…
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic secure communication circuit with sliding mode synchronous based on microcontroller (MCU).
Design/methodology/approach
First, a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic system for encryption is constructed. The approximate numerical solution of fractional-order chaotic system is calculated by Adomian decomposition method, and the phase diagram is obtained. Then, combined with the complexity and 0–1 test algorithm, the parameters of fractional-order chaotic system for encryption are selected. In addition, a sliding mode controller based on the new reaching law is constructed, and its stability is proved. The chaotic system can be synchronized in a short time by using sliding mode control synchronization.
Findings
The electronic circuit is implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed scheme.
Originality/value
It is feasible to realize fractional-order chaotic secure communication using MCU, and further reducing the synchronization error is the focus of future work.
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Donald H. Kluemper, Arjun Mitra and Siting Wang
Over the past decade, the rapid evolution of social media has impacted the field of human resource management in numerous ways. In response, scholars and practitioners have sought…
Abstract
Over the past decade, the rapid evolution of social media has impacted the field of human resource management in numerous ways. In response, scholars and practitioners have sought to begin an investigation of the myriad of ways that social media impacts organizations. To date, research evidence on a range of HR-related topics are just beginning to emerge, but are scattered across a range of diverse literatures. The principal aim of this chapter is to review the current literature on the study of social media in HRM and to integrate these disparate emerging literatures. During our review, we discuss the existent research, describe the theoretical foundations of such work, and summarize key research findings and themes into a coherent social media framework relevant to HRM. Finally, we offer recommendations for future work that can enhance knowledge of social media’s impact in organizations.
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Seyi S. Stephen, Ayodeji E. Oke, Clinton O. Aigbavboa, Opeoluwa I. Akinradewo, Pelumi E. Adetoro and Matthew Ikuabe
The chapter explored integrating smart construction techniques in achieving stealth construction objectives, emphasising the development of building cross-sections, visibility…
Abstract
The chapter explored integrating smart construction techniques in achieving stealth construction objectives, emphasising the development of building cross-sections, visibility management, energy transmission optimisation, and countermeasure implementation. It delved into the multifaceted aspects of smart construction towards achieving stealth construction goals, including environmental protection, enhanced construction safety, accelerated construction duration, cost-effectiveness, and aesthetic considerations. Furthermore, the chapter underscores the importance of leveraging innovative approaches and advanced technologies to meet the evolving demands of stealth construction projects and pave the way for sustainable, safe, and aesthetically pleasing built environments.
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Stella-Maria Yerokhin, Ting-Yu Lin, Yu-Shan Lin Feuer, Leyla Azizi and Remmer Sassen
This chapter compares the current biodiversity practices of higher education institutions (HEIs) and their learning effects of the Global North and South. It particularly explores…
Abstract
This chapter compares the current biodiversity practices of higher education institutions (HEIs) and their learning effects of the Global North and South. It particularly explores the HEIs’ strategies targeting biodiversity and ecosystem services preservation. In order to answer the research question, a qualitative content analysis of published sustainability reports of the systematically selected HEIs was performed. The Times Higher Education (THE) was used to select HEIs. The results show that biodiversity reporting and management is still in its early stages in HEIs from both the Global North and South and could benefit from further research and suggestions for improvement. One implication for the HEIs is that they could increase public awareness and knowledge of biodiversity through the integration of this topic into their curricula, more research projects on biodiversity, and operations on and off campus.