Describes a real‐time quality control monitoring system for arcwelding which has been developed to both control the manufacturing process bymonitoring critical parameters and to…
Abstract
Describes a real‐time quality control monitoring system for arc welding which has been developed to both control the manufacturing process by monitoring critical parameters and to provide process performance information to management and engineering personal. Describes the monitoring system and compares its performance with standard post‐weld QC systems which only discover defects after the event. Concludes that computerised monitoring systems provide an invaluable tool for improving productivity and enhancing the quality of welded fabrications. This particular systems is currently in use in a variety of industries.
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Richard D. Johnson and Kristina Diman
The purpose of this study was to develop and empirically examine a model of cloud-based human resource information systems (HRIS) adoption by small businesses based on the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and empirically examine a model of cloud-based human resource information systems (HRIS) adoption by small businesses based on the technology–organization–environment model (Tornatzky & Fleischer, 1990).
Methodology/approach
This study utilized a survey of 41 small- to medium-sized enterprises in the northeastern United States to examine what HR functions were being supported by cloud-based HRIS and the relationship between three technology factors, three organizational factors, and three environmental factors, and their relationship with the adoption of cloud-based HRIS.
Findings
Findings indicated that small businesses are most likely to implement cloud-based HRIS to support day-to-day HR operations. In addition, the findings indicated that top management support (positive), vendor support (positive), and anticipated growth (negative) were each related to organizational adoption of cloud-based HRIS.
Implications
The study illustrates how the adoption of a cloud-based HRIS is motivated by different factors than those underlying the adoption of other types of information systems. Executives and small business owners will need to adapt their strategy when considering cloud-based HRIS compared to other types of systems.
Social implications
Given that small- to medium-sized organizations are the backbone of most global economies, findings from this study can help support society by helping these businesses better understand how to best consider the factors that will support the implementation of cloud-based HRIS.
Originality/value of the chapter
This chapter represents one of the first to empirically validate a model of the factors affecting adoption of cloud-based HRIS by small businesses.
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Mohannad Jreissat and Mohammad A. Gharaibeh
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strain concentration factor in a central countersunk hole riveted in rectangular plates under uniaxial tension using finite element…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strain concentration factor in a central countersunk hole riveted in rectangular plates under uniaxial tension using finite element and response surface methods.
Design/methodology/approach
In this work, ANSYS software was elected to create the finite element model of the present structure, execute the analysis and generate strain concentration factor (,) data. Response surface method was implemented to formulate a second order equation to precisely compute (,) based on the geometric and material parameters of the present problem.
Findings
The computations of this formula are accurate and in a great agreement with finite element analysis (FEA) data. This equation was further used for obtaining optimum hole and plate designs.
Originality/value
An optimum design of the countersunk hole and the plate that minimizes the (,) value was achieved and hence validated with FEA findings.
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Duc-Hoc Tran and Putri Basenda Tarigan
The concept of sustainability is about the relationships among people, the planet, and profit. Nowadays, it has been spread to many areas, including construction projects…
Abstract
The concept of sustainability is about the relationships among people, the planet, and profit. Nowadays, it has been spread to many areas, including construction projects. Sustainability in construction projects has been so important in the present time. It is commonly pointed to the environment and construction materials. Nevertheless, it is also important in construction management which addresses sustainable project scheduling. Sustainable project scheduling will help to deliver the project under the deadlines, within the available budget, and also ensuring about the quality of the works. This study presents the trade-off among time, cost, and quality in the construction project to provide the decision-maker some alternative solutions in the planning phase to conduct a sustainable construction project. Multi-objective optimisation using Symbiotic Organism Search (SOS) algorithm is done to find the best solutions to the problem under investigation. Then, fuzzy logic approach is utilised to model the diverse environment and uncertainty in the construction project. A case study in repetitive construction project is analysed to see the capability of the model to work in time cost quality trade-off to reach into a sustainable construction project.
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Shalini Mittal, Shivani Chaudhry and Shailesh Singh Bhadauria
Introduction: Banking institutions are instrumental for lending support and steering the economy in the planned direction to achieve long-term goals. Sustainable development has…
Abstract
Introduction: Banking institutions are instrumental for lending support and steering the economy in the planned direction to achieve long-term goals. Sustainable development has become the focal point of new policies so that the economies attain inclusive growth. This needs substantial funding to accelerate industrial activity; hence, banks have to play a dominant role in helping such plans succeed. Banks need to look beyond their current framework and play a proactive role in promoting sectors focussed on sustainable development. Banks can prioritise lending to green initiatives to reduce carbon footprint, which will provide impetus to the goals laid out in the COP 26 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference. The chapter aims to identify the gap in investment for sustainable development and the funding support required from banks to help India achieve the desired sustainable goals. The chapter recommends that banks increase their green financing to provide the impetus for creating sustainable infrastructure.
Purpose: The present study aims to understand the banking sector’s importance in developing sustainable economic growth through lending practices. The study recommends certain practices for increasing focussed lending towards sustainable projects.
Methodology: In this study, the authors developed prepositions based on a literature review. Significant issues were raised based on the lending policies per the guidelines of Reserve Bank of India (RBI), and a solution was proposed by preparing a conceptual model.
Findings: The study offers a lending technique that can assist the financial sector in supporting sustainable economic growth.
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Afroza Sultana and Shahidul Alam
Purpose: This study aims to explore the efforts of several Asian countries adopting blockchain-enabled letter of credit (LC) processes and highlight the key challenges hindering…
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore the efforts of several Asian countries adopting blockchain-enabled letter of credit (LC) processes and highlight the key challenges hindering blockchain adoption into the entire LC system.
Need for the study: As trade volume among countries grows, nations should agree on the technology’s application mechanism to prevent disputes over discrete practices. As blockchain is a borderless approach, the global context of the applications should be considered, incorporating the cases of Asia, the hub of intraregional collaboration in trading.
Methodology: This chapter has surveyed the existing literature to identify the dichotomy between blockchain-enabled LC and traditional LC. Ten Asian countries were selected considering their adaptation motivations, number of use cases, and economic outlook. The case-study method was applied to compare the counties.
Findings: Countries reported blockchain-enabled LC as time-efficient, less costly, and secure. Interoperability, scalability, the absence of legal and administrative infrastructure, stress for new skills, and cyber security concerns are the most cited challenges among users. Instances of regulatory sandbox and collaborative effort were found among some countries, although some countries have yet to publish application guidelines.
Practical implication: The study provides comparative pictures of blockchain-enabled LC systems adopted by several Asian countries. This will contribute to future collaboration between Asian countries to create a unified and standardised trade financing platform. The study will also contribute to the future formulation of guidelines for administrative methodologies of the permissioned blockchain application in the trade finance section.
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This research aims to adopt competitiveness theory to analyse the effects of leadership competencies on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the…
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to adopt competitiveness theory to analyse the effects of leadership competencies on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism sector.
Design/methodology/approach
This research collected data from 200 participants, who are in management positions of tourism SMEs in Vietnam. Structural equation modelling was applied.
Findings
The results indicate satisfactory reliability and validity of the constructs and support for two models within a structural equation modelling to evaluate the influence of leadership competencies on the competitiveness of SMEs. The data from both customers and competitors show that the competitiveness and the performance of the enterprise are affected by hands-on experience; relationships building competencies; strategic vision; operations management competencies. Furthermore, customers also value professional knowledge of the enterprises' leaders.
Practical implications
The study suggests that the government agencies and tourism SMEs themselves should focus more on leadership. Training courses, exchange programs, seminars and workshops should be provided for SMEs leaders to improve their leadership competencies.
Originality/value
The research findings provide a more comprehensive view of internal and external factors affecting the competitiveness of SMEs in the tourism sector in Vietnam. This also contributes to competitiveness and leadership research by presenting the positive linkage between leadership competencies and the competitiveness of SMEs.
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Khush Attarde, Charvi Jaiswal, Ritesh Khatwani, Geetanjali Pinto and Vinod Kumar
Fiat money production necessitates physical commodities, increasing costs and its flow is challenging to monitor, making it vulnerable to criminal exploitation. Cryptocurrencies…
Abstract
Purpose
Fiat money production necessitates physical commodities, increasing costs and its flow is challenging to monitor, making it vulnerable to criminal exploitation. Cryptocurrencies offer decentralized solutions, but their decentralization has led to illegal activities. Current cross-border transactions face high costs, resource intensity and lack of instant currency transfers. Offline transactions are essential in unreliable networks.
Design/methodology/approach
Here, the authors proposed the methodology to perform offline transactions based on card, quick response (QR) code and a foreign transaction framework with universal identification (UID) to perform cross-border transactions using blockchain-dependent central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). Implications for the financial system are also analyzed.
Findings
The proposed CBDC framework reduces illegal transactions, corruption and the cost of producing fiat money; eases overseas transactions; and eventually increases international tourism, trade and business between countries. It also reduces the processing fees. Offline framework found useful for performing retail-level transactions.
Research limitations/implications
The research methodology may face limitations due to diplomatic relations, political instability, sanctions and the need for robust offline transaction infrastructure.
Practical implications
The proposed CBDC framework simplifies debt and insurance management, tax collection, international trade, tourism and global stock market participation. However, implementing CBDCs in low-income countries presents challenges like extensive training, infrastructure and user acceptance issues.
Social implications
The adoption of CBDCs can enhance financial stability by reducing corruption and illegal transactions through improved traceability and monitoring, thereby curbing activities like terrorism.
Originality/value
Common framework for foreign transactions is based on the UID, and offline transaction framework is based on the sender’s QR code for multiple user applications.
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Josée Bloemer, Kris Brijs and Hans Kasper
The purpose of this paper is to present an extended version of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM‐model) to explain and predict which of the four cognitive processes that are…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an extended version of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM‐model) to explain and predict which of the four cognitive processes that are distinguished in the literature, with respect to Country of Origin (CoO), can be expected to occur: the halo‐effect, the summary construct‐effect, the product attribute‐effect or the default heuristic‐effect.
Design/methodology/approach
Contrary to most of the previous theoretically‐oriented work on cognitive CoO‐effects, the epistemological background of the CoO‐ELM model proposed in this paper is of an inductive nature with theoretical propositions being derived from empirical data already gathered in the existing studies.
Findings
The outcome of this paper is a flow chart model leading to a set of theoretical propositions on which cognitive CoO‐effects can be expected to occur under different situational contexts.
Research limitations/implications
This paper only focuses on the explanation of cognitive CoO‐effects, not on affective or conative/normative effects. Also, the CoO‐ELM model applies only to the processing of consumers' prior knowledge about a country's products and not about the country itself. Finally, the CoO‐ELM model still needs to be subjected to empirical verification. An important implication of this paper is that the CoO‐ELM framework makes the bulk of empirical data become more transparent given the four effects of cognitive CoO‐processes.
Practical implications
The CoO‐ELM model provides marketing practitioners with an easy and practical tool for the management of CoO‐cues.
Originality/value
This paper is the first attempt trying to catch all the cognitive CoO‐effects previously identified within a theoretically solid framework.
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Emmanuel Quansah, Stephanie Solansky, Yuan Wang and Kaveh Moghaddam
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are critical in the global business environment, yet they face significant challenges of survival. This study aims to investigate the…
Abstract
Purpose
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are critical in the global business environment, yet they face significant challenges of survival. This study aims to investigate the role of continuous learning and resilience dynamic capabilities (RDC) on SME performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a quantitative survey of leaders from 290 SMEs to examine the relationship between continuous learning and performance. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to test the dependent relationships in this study. In addition, the Monte Carlo Method is used to test the mediating effect of RDC.
Findings
The results suggest that there is a direct effect of continuous learning on firm performance, as well as an indirect effect through RDC. In other words, the effect of continuous learning on firm performance was partially mediated through RDC.
Originality/value
The authors also explored whether firm life cycle stage matters regarding the role of continuous learning and RDC in SMEs. The mediating role of RDC becomes more pronounced (fully mediated) as SMEs transition from the growth stage to maturity stage of their life cycle.