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This study proposed an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB), that is, considering that behavioural beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs (beliefs) will influence perceived service quality (PSQ) on food delivery services. PSQ (behavioural intention) will influence electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM) (behaviour). In addition, exogenous variables including information from online ratings and consumer groups will affect the strength of the relationship between received service quality and EWOM on food delivery service.

This study aimed to investigate the mediation (PSQ) and moderation (Online ratings and consumer groups) effects on the extended TPB for Taiwanese consumers (n = 823).

This study first found a positive relationship between different beliefs and PSQ (behavioural intention). In addition, there is a positive relationship between PSQ and EWOM. Online rating has a moderating effect between PSQ and EWOM. Consumer group has a moderating relationship between PSQ and EWOM.

This study first found that the three stages of beliefs-intention-behaviour for consumers on food delivery service are reciprocal with two paths, starting with offline-to-online in terms of generating the positive relationship between individual belies and PSQ. Next, it can generate positive power to return online with a behaviour of EWOM. In addition, online ratings can enhance and strengthen the positive effect between PSQ and EWOM.

Search engine optimization (SEO) has long been a key topic in marketing research, but there are very few studies addressing SEO success and brand equity (BE). Thus, this study aims to investigate the interdependence of SEO success and BE, with a specific focus on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

The study involved conducting interviews with SEO and digital marketing experts, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their responses to investigate the mutual association between BE and SEO. The analysis of the interview data was conducted using the grounded theory approach.

The placement of a brand on top of search engine results is perceived as an indication of its credibility by searchers. Well-established brands tend to have superior SEO performance due to the impact of search algorithms and their powerful brand recognition. Lesser-known brands should improve their SEO performance to enhance their BE.

This study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the interdependence between SEO and BE. Specifically, this study provides SMEs with effective SEO strategies to enhance their BE in the future.

This study presents unprecedented findings on the reciprocal relationship between SEO success and BE. The study also highlights the potential risk for SMEs of falling into a negative spiral due to poor SEO performance and offers practical business solutions to address this issue.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influencing factors of patients’ financial burden through a case study of hospital on public‒private partnerships (PPP) model (Chaonan Minsheng Hospital of Guangdong Province) and provide some useful information to policymakers for better development of hospitals on PPP model.

There are total six indicators that are defined as patients’ financial burden, basing on the policy of “indicators of medical quality management and control on the third level large general hospital (2011 edition),” issued by Chinese Government. In total, 23 potentially influencing factors of patients’ financial burden for hospital on PPP model were chosen from the above policy. The five-year (2007‒2011) data for the above 29 indicators come from statistic department of hospital on PPP model. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was applied to analyze the influencing factors of patients’ financial burden for hospital on PPP model.

A clear rank of influencing factors of patients’ financial burden is obtained and suggestions are provided from results of GRA, which provide reference for policymakers of hospital on PPP model. The five main influencing factors of patients’ financial burden for hospital on PPP model, in sequence, are rescuing critical ill patients on emergency, rescuing critical ill inpatients, inpatient bed occupancy rate, working days per bed and medical building area.

The study on the influencing factors of patients’ financial burden for hospital on PPP model not only provides decision-making for policymaker of hospital and controlling of medical expenditure but also contributes to release patients’ financial burden for hospitals on PPP model.

The authors examined how the identification mechanism of the innovation performance of knowledge employees is affected by empowering leadership by influencing the organizational identification and the moderating effect of leaders on the role expectation of knowledge employees as an essential innovation subject.

The authors employed a mixed-method research approach. The authors collected data from 378 knowledge employees and managers in 20 companies in China's Yangtze River Delta cities. The authors analyzed data using multiple regression analysis forecasting methods.

The authors found that there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between empowering leadership and the innovation performance of knowledge employees; organizational identity played a partial mediating role between empowering leadership and the innovation performance of knowledge employees; role expectation of leaders on the innovation behavior of employees regulated the relationship between the organizational identity and innovation performance of knowledge employees.

This study extends the literature on empowering leadership and innovation performance. This study empirically examines the mediating effect of organizational identity between empowering leadership and innovation performance. In addition, this study empirically examines how empowered leaders' expected innovation level moderates the association between organizational identity and innovation performance.

The aim of this study is to examine the tracking performance and tracking error (TE) of New Zealand exchange traded fsunds (ETFs).

The authors use regression methods and cointegration analysis to examine tracking performance. Multivariate regressions are used to examine the determinants of TE.

At the daily frequency, the authors observe that the ETFs have substantially different exposures to their underlying indexes from what they should be, which is confirmed by cointegration analysis. At the monthly frequency, tracking performance improves but still shows significant differences between the ETF and its underlying index. When the authors examine the TEs of the ETFs, the authors observe that these are substantial and that there is considerable variation in TE. Regression analysis shows that both characteristics of the ETF and the constituents of the index the ETF tracks, as well as the volatility of the underlying benchmark are determinants of the TE of the ETFs.

This is the first study to examine New Zealand-based ETFs. The findings contribute to understanding the performance of these ETFs and are of relevance to academics, investors and the ETF provider.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the method of clinical department classification in comprehensive hospital to provide a scientific management reference in performance evaluation.

In order to perform the classification of clinical departments, a grey cluster model was constructed. In this model, the benefit index of each clinical department was analyzed using grey associative analysis, and a superior index was chosen to incorporate in this model. Through the relevancy degree of superior index, the authors confirmed the weight of index, and the quintile threshold was calculated by a quintile method and whitening weight functions were constructed.

This model, based on grey entropy weight cluster, can reasonably distinguish the merits of clinical departments. From the case we study, neurology?/Cardiovasology?/Integrated disease and Emergency were the optimum assessing department.

The results demonstrated that the index selection, weight determination, whitening weight functions and model construction in this study could provide technique’s reference and application for hospital administrators. It avoids the subjective discrimination and reduces the influence of sample noise, and it is easy to perform while conducting performance evaluation in a comprehensive hospital.

The purpose of this paper is to construct a new algorithm of program procedure for medical grey relational method based on SAS software.

Based on the SAS environment, the authors construct a new algorithm of program procedure through the following methods: the construction data set, confirmation of the comparison sequence and reference sequence, the original data transformation, calculation of the grey relational coefficient of reference sequence and comparison sequence and calculating the correlation.

The results show that the novel algorithm of program procedure for medical grey relational method based on SAS software satisfies the properties properly. It also fully confirmed the biggest advantage of the grey relational analysis is that its requirements are not too high for the amount of data, and it does not need to follow the typical distribution.

The paper succeeds in constructing a novel algorithm of program procedures for medical grey relational method and providing a valuable tool for solving similar problems.

The purpose of this paper is to briefly summarize and review the theories and methods of complex structures’ dynamic reliability. Complex structures are usually assembled from multiple components and subjected to time-varying loads of aerodynamic, structural, thermal and other physical fields; its reliability analysis is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of large-scale equipment such as aviation and machinery.

In this paper for the single-objective dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures, the calculation can be categorized into Monte Carlo (MC), outcrossing rate, envelope functions and extreme value methods. The series-parallel and expansion methods, multi-extremum surrogate models and decomposed-coordinated surrogate models are summarized for the multiobjective dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures.

The numerical complex compound function and turbine blisk are used as examples to illustrate the performance of single-objective and multiobjective dynamic reliability analysis methods. Then the future development direction of dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures is prospected.

The paper provides a useful reference for further theoretical research and engineering application.

The purpose of this paper is to fill the knowledge gap in the microscopic origin of high corrosion resistance in the passivated 316 L stainless steel.

Here, the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel is measured, as well as the non-passivated one. Using the aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure of the passive film is unambiguously revealed. Combining the electron energy loss spectroscopy with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the depth profiling analysis is conducted and the variations in composition from the very surface of the passive film to the internal steel are clarified.

By optimizing the passivation treatment process, the authors significantly increase the pitting corrosion potential of the passivated 316 L stainless steel by 300 mV, compared with the non-passivated one. The passive film features a unique amorphous multilayer structure. On the basis of the depth profiling analysis, the origin of the high corrosion resistance achieved is unraveled, in which the redistribution of elements in the multilayer passive film, especially the enrichment of Cr in the topmost layer and Ni at the film-metal interface, prevent the oxidization of the inner iron of the steel.

This study advances understanding of the nature of the passive film from a microscopic view, which can be helpful for the further improvement of the corrosion resistance performance.

This study introduces a model for the multilayer structure of passive films that reveals the reconstitution of the passive films after the opportune passivation treatments. Due to the redistribution of elements caused by passivation, the enrichment of Cr in the outer layer and Ni near the film-metal interface leads to enhance corrosion resistance performance.