Anna Gekoski, Julia C. Davidson and Miranda A.H. Horvath
The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings from a study commissioned by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner (OCC) in England, concerning intrafamilial child…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings from a study commissioned by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner (OCC) in England, concerning intrafamilial child sexual abuse (IFCSA)/incest. Specifically, it aims to explore what is known about the prevalence, nature, and impact of IFCSA and where the gaps in knowledge lie.
Design/methodology/approach
A rapid evidence assessment (REA) was used, the function of which is to: search the literature as comprehensively as possible within given time constraints; collate descriptive outlines of the available evidence on a topic and critically appraise it; sift out studies of poor quality; and provide an overview of the evidence. Over 57,000 documents were scanned, and 296 ultimately systematically analysed.
Findings
It was found that: there is wide variation in prevalence rates between studies; girls are more likely to be victims than boys; the onset of abuse is typically school age; abuse in minority groups is under-reported; sibling abuse may be more common than that by fathers; female perpetrated abuse may be under-reported; families where abuse occurs are often dysfunctional; and IFCSA has significant adverse effects on victims.
Research limitations/implications
A REA is not a full systematic review, differing in the scope and depth of the searches and depending almost exclusively on electronic databases, not accompanied by searching journals by hand.
Practical implications
This work found numerous gaps in current knowledge about IFCSA, which the authors recommend be addressed by further research, including: the scale and nature of IFCSA in disabled victims, research on BME children’s experiences; the prevalence of abuse by stepfathers as compared to biological fathers; the experiences of male victims; the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered child victims; the short-term impact of IFCSA based on child victims’ experiences; and more widely, further research on the prevalence of abuse in clinical populations and the relationship between that and prevalence in wider society. In addition to such questions, the OCC inquiry will also investigate issues surrounding child protection and criminal justice responses to (IF)CSA and how these might be improved. The evidence base for this section of the inquiry is reported in Gekoski et al. (2016).
Originality/value
The findings of this research provide the evidence base for a new two-year inquiry into the subject of IFCSA by the OCC.
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Anna Gekoski, Miranda A.H Horvath and Julia C Davidson
The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings from a study commissioned by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner (OCC) in England, concerning intrafamilial child…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings from a study commissioned by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner (OCC) in England, concerning intrafamilial child sexual abuse (IFCSA)/incest. Specifically, it aims to explore the evidence about child protection and criminal justice responses to victims of IFCSA in the UK and where the gaps in these approaches lie.
Design/methodology/approach
A Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) was used, the function of which is to: search the literature as comprehensively as possible within given time constraints; collate descriptive outlines of the available evidence on a topic and critically appraise it; sift out studies of poor quality; and provide an overview of the evidence. Over 57,000 documents were scanned, and 296 ultimately systematically analysed.
Findings
It was found that children may be re-victimised by various aspects of “the system” and professionals within it, including social workers, police officers, and lawyers.
Research limitations/implications
A REA is not a full systematic review, differing in the scope and depth of the searches and depending almost exclusively on electronic databases, not accompanied by searching journals by hand.
Originality/value
The findings of this research provide the evidence-base for a new two-year inquiry into the subject of IFCSA by the OCC.
Details
Keywords
Adrian Ford, Ameer Al-Nemrat, Seyed Ali Ghorashi and Julia Davidson
This paper aims to investigate the impact of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) infringement fine announcements on the market value of mostly European publicly listed…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) infringement fine announcements on the market value of mostly European publicly listed companies with a view to reinforcing the importance of data privacy compliance, thereby informing cyber security investment strategies for organisations.
Design/methodology/approach
Previous studies have shown (varying degrees of) evidence of a negative impact of data breach announcements on the share price of publicly listed companies. Following on from this research, further studies have been carried out in assessing the economic impact of the introduction of legislation in this area to encourage firms to invest in cyber security and protect the privacy of data subjects. Existing research has been predominantly US centric.
Findings
Using event study techniques, a data set of 25 GDPR fine announcement events was analysed, and statistically significant cumulative abnormal returns of around 1% on average up to three days after the event were identified. In almost all cases, this negative economic impact on market value far outweighed the monetary value of the fine itself, and relatively minor fines could result in major market valuation losses for companies, even those having large market capitalisations.
Originality/value
This research would be of benefit to business management, practitioners of cyber security, investors and shareholders as well as researchers in cyber security or related fields (pointers to future research are given). Data protection authorities may also find this work of interest.
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Laura Dennick, Andrew P. Fox and Alison Walter‐Brice
There is an increasingly active area of research indicating that interventions incorporating mindfulness can be beneficial for individuals distressed by experiences of psychosis…
Abstract
Purpose
There is an increasingly active area of research indicating that interventions incorporating mindfulness can be beneficial for individuals distressed by experiences of psychosis. However, there is little qualitative information regarding clients' experiences of mindfulness groups. This paper aims to fill this gap.
Design/methodology/approach
To explore the subjective experience of mindfulness groups for people experiencing distressing psychosis. Three participants, who had attended a mindfulness for psychosis group, were interviewed and data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
Findings
Four main themes were identified: “experiencing distress”, “group as beneficial”, “mindfulness as beneficial”, and “mindfulness groups as part of the process of recovery”.
Originality/value
The mindfulness groups appeared to support participants' journeys of recovery through: promoting choice and control in relating differently to distress; providing space to socially construct shared meanings; and enhancing a sense of agency in “moving on”.
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Julia C. Stumpff and Hannah J. Craven
This paper aims to describe how one medical library implemented a new scheduling system, initiated data analysis and modified its regularly scheduled workshop program because of…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to describe how one medical library implemented a new scheduling system, initiated data analysis and modified its regularly scheduled workshop program because of evidence-based decision-making. Academic libraries that struggle with workshop attendance may use this process as a model.
Design/methodology/approach
Workshop registration data analysis focused on registrants' affiliation, role and location, and how registrants learned of workshops. Workshop attendance data analysis focused on which workshops, days, times of the day and months had the highest attendance. The analysis led to changes in marketing and targeted scheduling of future workshops by the time of day, day of the week and month of the year.
Findings
Data collected for four years, fall 2018 – summer 2022 (12 semesters), shows a steady increase in the number of people attending library workshops. The increase in attendance and ROI experienced after the changes implemented at Ruth Lilly Medical Library (RLML) is significant as libraries often struggle with attendance, marketing and return on investment when offering ongoing educational workshops.
Originality/value
Many libraries offer ongoing workshops with low attendance. This article provides an example of how one library changed software and registration and implemented evidence-based decision-making related to scheduling which may have contributed to an increase in workshop attendance. Other academic libraries might consider adopting similar software and evidence-based decision-making to improve their library workshop service.
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In recent years, many Western states have moved towards funding the asylum processing and resettlement systems of countries in the Global South. These forms of outsourced…
Abstract
In recent years, many Western states have moved towards funding the asylum processing and resettlement systems of countries in the Global South. These forms of outsourced migration governance are upheld by a vast industry of state and non-state actors. This chapter draws on fieldwork conducted in the Republic of Nauru to look at the people and places on the frontlines of the extractive asylum industry. Using Alexander Weheliye’s (2014) concept of ‘racialising assemblages’, the author argues that outsourced asylum regimes exacerbate the continuous subjection of Indigenous and migrant communities to toxic practices and discourses. Outsourced asylum is a contemporary practice of resource extraction (much like other forms of mining) that builds on colonial extractive projects that disproportionately target communities of colour. Ongoing processes of dispossession and displacement are occurring as people and places are rendered into resources and frontline sites for the extractive asylum industry. This chapter also shows how humanitarian and liberal democratic discourses are part of the mechanics of racialised geopolitical ordering. Racialised refugees are made into destitute victims, whereas locals become brutish villains, rather than political subjects. In attending to the politics of refusal, where Nauruans and refugees refuse ingrained racialising assemblages that deny them personhood, the author stresses the importance of intersectional advocacy that highlights the toxic effects of extractive asylum regimes on local and migrant populations alike.
Victoria E. Warburton, Lee C. Beaumont and Krystal C.M. Bishop
The authors applied a multidimensional conceptual lens that incorporated physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual health dimensions to explore pre-adolescent…
Abstract
Purpose
The authors applied a multidimensional conceptual lens that incorporated physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual health dimensions to explore pre-adolescent children's understanding of health and what it means to be healthy.
Design/methodology/approach
Forty-six children aged 9–11 years old completed a short questionnaire about their understanding of health and what it means to be healthy. Data analysis was completed through a deductive analysis applying a multidimensional conceptual lens and an inductive thematic analysis of the content of children's responses to each question.
Findings
The analysis of children's understandings of health and being healthy both revealed five common themes: Being well, physically active, fit and healthy; Healthy eating and body composition; Physical activity examples; Physical activity characteristics; and Unsure or ambiguous. Across both questions the majority of responses reflected the physical dimension of health, with only a few references to the social and emotional dimensions. There was no evidence of the intellectual or spiritual dimensions of health in children's responses to either question.
Practical implications
The authors’ data suggest that the plateau in adolescent UK children's trajectory of understandings originates earlier in childhood, with children aged 9–11 showing a similarly limited understanding of health and being healthy as UK adolescents. Moreover, this focus on the physical dimension is narrower than previously considered as it is restricted to the movement category of this dimension only.
Originality/value
The authors’ findings have implications for the timing and focus of health education interventions for children.