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Article
Publication date: 13 January 2022

Mara Mataveli, Juan Carlos Ayala and Alfonso J. Gil

Few studies have analysed the determinants of exports in emerging economies, which are critical in the exporting reality of firms. Two variables decisively affect the export…

455

Abstract

Purpose

Few studies have analysed the determinants of exports in emerging economies, which are critical in the exporting reality of firms. Two variables decisively affect the export performance of firms – their size and their export experience. This paper analyses the relationship between size and export experience in the export intensity of Brazilian firms. In addition, it considers two variables (location and sector) that identify firms in Brazil and could affect their export intensity. This research answers the question of which characteristics of Brazilian companies determine their export intensity.

Design/methodology/approach

A statistically significant sample of 318 firms is collected from Brazilian exporting companies. Regression analysis is performed, and data describing the relationship between the export determinants and the export intensity of Brazilian firms are presented. Three evaluation models are proposed. In the first, the location and sector variables are considered. In the second, the firm size, firm location and sector are presented. In the third, the firm size, export experience, location and sector are proposed.

Findings

The results of the third model confirm that only export experience is statistically significant. Therefore, there is no relationship between firms' size, location and sector and export intensity for companies in Brazil.

Originality/value

This work shows the organisational characteristics that affect export performance in Brazil from the firm’s perspective; these are aspects that have been analysed less in emerging economies.

Details

Baltic Journal of Management, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5265

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2022

Mara Mataveli, Juan-Carlos Ayala Calvo and Alfonso J. Gil

Banks in emerging markets such as Brazil provide a wide range of services to companies to facilitate the export process. The objective of the present study was to analyze, from…

252

Abstract

Purpose

Banks in emerging markets such as Brazil provide a wide range of services to companies to facilitate the export process. The objective of the present study was to analyze, from the perspective of Brazilian export companies, the relationships between banking intellectual capital (human and organizational), banking agility, banking technologies and company size in banking service provision.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 318 Brazilian export companies was surveyed with questionnaires. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling, namely the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) technique and SmartPLS.

Findings

Banking intellectual capital affects banking service provision, banking agility mediates the relationship between intellectual capitals and banking service provision and technology does not moderate the relationship between agility and banking service provision. The size of the company does not moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and banking service provision.

Practical implications

This work indicates that intellectual capital and the banking agility strategy are critical in the provision of banking service provision for exports.

Originality/value

This work illustrates the effect of banks' intangible resources on the provision of banking services from the perspective of Brazilian export companies.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 12 October 2021

Mara Mataveli, Juan Carlos Ayala and Alfonso J. Gil

Banks play a crucial role in the sustainable development of exports as they finance much of the trade. Additionally, in Brazil's case, banks provide exporting companies with…

1159

Abstract

Purpose

Banks play a crucial role in the sustainable development of exports as they finance much of the trade. Additionally, in Brazil's case, banks provide exporting companies with advisory and training services, which facilitate the internationalization process. This work aims to analyze the role of public and private banks in the export process of companies in Brazil.

Design/methodology/approach

Interviews are conducted with a sample of 318 Brazilian exporting companies. Two research questions are posed: What type of export services do companies use from public and private banks in Brazil? Is exporting companies' access to credit, as a type of banking service, related to their size or export experience? A descriptive study of the functions of public and private banks in helping Brazilian exports is presented. Hypotheses are proposed regarding companies' access to credit and its relationship with their size and export experience.

Findings

It is found that public and private banks in Brazil provide exporting companies with banking services, other services related to technical aspects, and export consulting. There are significant differences in access to credit in both public and private banks, depending on the exporting company's size.

Originality/value

This work contributes to the internationalization literature on the role of banks in supporting exports in an emerging country like Brazil.

Details

European Journal of Management Studies, vol. 26 no. 2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2183-4172

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Article
Publication date: 2 December 2020

Mara Mataveli, Juan Carlos Ayala and Alfonso J. Gil

The objective of this work is to examine the factors that influence the decision of Brazilian companies to export.

275

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this work is to examine the factors that influence the decision of Brazilian companies to export.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire was used to collect data from a statistically significant sample of 318 Brazilian exporting firms. Three types of study were carried out; an exploratory study that simplified the information through a principal component analysis, a descriptive study of the factors that influence the decision to export by Brazilian companies and a study of variance that allowed comparison of groups of firms.

Findings

After an analysis of the literature, 11 factors were proposed that influence the decision to export. Two unique factors resulted from the principal components analysis: “resource optimisation” and “performance and development”. The “performance and development” factor was more valued than the “resource optimisation” factor. From the analysis of variance, significant differences were only found in the variable “firm size”.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature by presenting further knowledge of export factors in developing countries, the management of companies and instruments for decision making in the area of internationalisation.

Propósito

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo examinar los factores que influyen en la decisión de exportar de las empresas brasileñas.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Se utilizó un cuestionario para recopilar datos de una muestra estadísticamente significativa de 318 empresas exportadoras brasileñas. Se realizan tres tipos de estudio, un estudio exploratorio que permite simplificar la información a través de un análisis de componentes principales, un estudio descriptivo de los factores que influyen en la exportación de las empresas de Brasil, y un estudio de varianza que permite comparar grupos de empresas.

Resultados

Después de un análisis de la literatura, se propusieron 11 factores que influyen en la decisión de exportar. Del análisis de componentes principales, resultan dos únicos factores: “optimización de recursos” y “rendimiento y desarrollo”. El factor “rendimiento y desarrollo” es más valorado que el factor “optimización de recursos”. Del análisis de varianza, solo se encontraron diferencias significativas en la variable “tamaño de la empresa”.

Originalidad/valor

Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura al presentar un mayor conocimiento de los factores de exportación en los países en desarrollo, además, los resultados permiten mejorar la gestión de empresas, esencialmente en la toma de decisiones en el área de la internacionalización.

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

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Article
Publication date: 22 February 2021

Juan Carlos Lucas Aguirre, German Antonio Giraldo Giraldo and Misael Cortés Rodríguez

In order to understand interactions aw vs equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in fortified coconut powder, moisture sorption isotherms were constructed under different storage…

367

Abstract

Purpose

In order to understand interactions aw vs equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in fortified coconut powder, moisture sorption isotherms were constructed under different storage conditions in order to predict the changes in their physical, chemical and microbiological properties that occur during storage and processing, which are unique to each food.

Design/methodology/approach

For which the moisture sorption isotherms were determined at three different temperatures (15, 25 and 35 °C), in a range of water activity from 0.1 to 0.90. Nine models, namely, the GAB, BET, Oswin, Smith, Halsey, Henderson, Chung and Pfost, Peleg and Caurie equations, were fitted to the sorption data. Various statistical tests were adopted as criteria to evaluate the fit performance of the models.

Findings

Of the models tested, the Peleg model gave the best fit to experimental data (R2 = 0.997; RMSE = 0.276), across the full range of water activities and at different temperatures. Humidity of the monolayer (mo) was found between 2.54 and 2.34%, a fundamental parameter to define the storage and control conditions, given that it is considered the value at which the product is more stable. The net sorption isosteric heat (Qst) increased to maximum and then diminished with increased moisture content (Xw); maximum values were obtained in the Xw interval between 0.48 and 2.87% (db), being between 35.72 and 99.26 kJ/mol, where the maximum value indicates coverage of the strongest bond sites and higher adsorbate-adsorbent interaction.

Originality/value

These results provide reliable experimental data on water absorption isotherms of the CP + FAC important to determine optimal processing, storing and packaging conditions.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 123 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 23 October 2019

Luis Ayala and Andrés J. Picazo-Tadeo

536

Abstract

Details

Applied Economic Analysis, vol. 27 no. 79
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2632-7627

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Article
Publication date: 22 March 2024

Silvia Lizett Olivares-Olivares, Miriam Lizzeth Turrubiates Corolla, Juan Pablo Nigenda Alvarez, Natalia Mejía Gaviria, Mariana Lema-Velez, Miguel Angel Villarreal Rodríguez, Luis Carlos Franco Ayala, Elena María Trujillo Maza, Isabel Barriga Cosmelli and Klaus Puschel Illanes

Professional Identity Formation is the dynamic evolution to “think, act and feel” to become part of a professional community. This document presents the development and the study…

38

Abstract

Purpose

Professional Identity Formation is the dynamic evolution to “think, act and feel” to become part of a professional community. This document presents the development and the study that aimed to assess the usability of a m-Learning Identity App (MLIA) focused on the formation of professional identity among undergraduate medical students.

Design/methodology/approach

MLIA development included four phases: Conceptual, prototype, pilot and implementation, before further deployment. The conceptual model was designed by eight faculty members from three Latin American universities. The prototype was developed and tested with stakeholders. The pilot was performed during 5 weeks before the implementation. Cross-sectional data collected during implementation from 138 medical students who completed a survey to assess the usability of MLIA are presented. During deployment, 977 posts were made on Professional Identity Formation, and examples of these posts are presented.

Findings

The prototype and pilot phases demanded improvements. The survey explored (1) Familiarity, (2) Perceived ease of use, (3) Perceived usefulness for Professional Identity Formation, (4) Satisfaction, (5) Intention to reuse (6) Digital aesthetics and (7) Safety. Results from the usability assessment suggest that students perceived MLIA as a secure space with positive aesthetics and ease of use.

Research limitations/implications

Important limitations of the present study include, firstly, that it does not provide information on the effectiveness of the MLIA in shaping professional identity in medical students, it focuses exclusively on its development (conceptual model, prototype, pilot and implementation) and usability. Secondly, the study design did not consider a control group and, therefore, does not provide information on how the App compares with other strategies addressing self-reflection and sharing of meaningful experiences related to professional identity.

Originality/value

MLIA introduces a different approach to education, simulating a secure, easy-to-use, social media with a friendly interface in a safe environment to share academic and motivational moments, transitioning from being to becoming a professional.

Details

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-7003

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Article
Publication date: 8 January 2025

Belen Fraile-Rojas, Carmen De-Pablos-Heredero and Mariano Mendez-Suarez

This article explores the use of natural language processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning (ML) models to discover underlying concepts of gender inequality applied to…

60

Abstract

Purpose

This article explores the use of natural language processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning (ML) models to discover underlying concepts of gender inequality applied to artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in female social media conversations. The first purpose is to characterize female users who use this platform to share content around this area. The second is to identify the most prominent themes among female users’ digital production of gender inequality concepts, applied to AI technologies.

Design/methodology/approach

Social opinion mining has been applied to historical Twitter data. Data were gathered using a combination of analytical methods such as word clouds, sentiment analyses and clustering. It examines 172,041 tweets worldwide over a limited period of 359 days.

Findings

Empirical data gathered from interactions of female users in digital dialogues highlight that the most prominent topics of interest are the future of AI technologies and the active role of women to guarantee gender balanced systems. Algorithmic bias impacts female user behaviours in response to injustice and inequality in algorithmic outcomes. They share topics of interest and lead constructive conversations with profiles affiliated with gender or race empowerment associations. Women challenged by stereotypes and prejudices are likely to fund entrepreneurial solutions to create opportunities for change.

Research limitations/implications

This study does have its limitations, however. First, different keywords are likely to result in a different pool of related research. Moreover, due to the nature of our sample, the largest proportion of posts are from native English speakers, predominantly (88%) from the US, UK, Australia and Canada. This demographic concentration reflects specific social structures and practices that influence gender equity priorities within the sample. These cultural contexts, which often emphasize inclusivity and equity, play a significant role in shaping the discourse around gender issues. These cultural norms, preferences and practices are critical in understanding the individual behaviours, perspectives and priorities expressed in the posts; in other words, it is vital to consider cultural context and economic determinants in an analysis of gender equity discussions. The US, UK, Australia and Canada share a cultural and legal heritage, a common language, values, democracy and the rule of law. Bennett (2007) emphasizes the potential for enhanced cooperation in areas like technology, trade and security, suggesting that the anglosphere’s cultural and institutional commonalities create a natural foundation for a cohesive, influential global network. These shared characteristics further influence the common approaches and perspectives on gender equity in public discourse. Yet findings from Western nations should not be assumed to apply easily to the contexts of other countries.

Practical implications

From a practical perspective, the results help us understand the role of female influencers and scrutinize public conversations. From a theoretical one, this research upholds the argument that feminist critical thought is indispensable in the development of balanced AI systems.

Social implications

The results also help us understand the role of female influencers: ordinary individuals often challenged by gender and race discrimination. They request an intersectional, collaborative and pluralistic understanding of gender and race in AI. They act alone and endure the consequences of stigmatized products and services. AI curators should strongly consider advocating for responsible, impartial technologies, recognizing the indispensable role of women. This must consider all stakeholders, including representatives from industry, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), civil society and academia.

Originality/value

This study aims to fill critical research gaps by addressing the lack of a socio-technical perspective on AI-based decision-making systems, the shortage of empirical studies in the field and the need for a critical analysis using feminist theories. The study offers valuable insights that can guide managerial decision-making for AI researchers and practitioners, providing a comprehensive understanding of the topic through a critical lens.

Details

Management Decision, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Book part
Publication date: 25 June 2016

Juan Carlos López Díez and Juan Velez-Ocampo

This chapter is intended to present the onset, evolution, and decline of Compañía Minera El Zancudo, considered the largest Colombian company in the nineteenth century…

Abstract

Purpose

This chapter is intended to present the onset, evolution, and decline of Compañía Minera El Zancudo, considered the largest Colombian company in the nineteenth century. Additionally, the chapter will examine its role in both the development of manufacturing industries and the introduction of modern capitalism in the country.

Methodology/approach

The case is based on secondary information collected according to a documentary research method in which the authors selected, categorized, interpreted, and confronted different sources concerning El Zancudo.

Findings

The inception and evolution of El Zancudo involved local and foreign knowledge, techniques, and capital investments that contributed to the company growing to the point of reaching the unprecedented figure of 1,350 workers in the year 1890. Its transition from a failed local mine to a prosperous and intricate business group is full of referrals and links to foreign investment, knowledge transfer, industrial development, and an orientation toward entrepreneurship that contributed to the understanding of subsequent enterprises not only in the Antioquia region but also across the entire country.

Research limitations/implications

This case study was written using limited reliable secondary sources about El Zancudo. Other significant Colombian companies in the nineteenth century (Ferrería de Pacho, Ferrería de Amagá, Empresa Textilera de Samacá, and Cervecería Bavaria) and their links to El Zancudo were mentioned but not deeply analyzed in this chapter.

Practical implications

The clear-cut causes that led El Zacudo to close its operations within the first decades of the twentieth century are worthy of discussion, not only by scholars and business practitioners, but also by policy makers in order to understand the phenomenon and possibly prevent existing companies from failing in a similar manner.

Originality/value

This case brings together the scattered literature on El Zancudo and analyzes the drivers and consequences of both its rise and fall, taking into consideration the specific historical, political, and economic contexts, furthermore, it establishes some linkages between this case and other companies under similar situations.

Details

Dead Firms: Causes and Effects of Cross-border Corporate Insolvency
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-313-9

Keywords

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Abstract

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 12 no. 4/5/6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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