John Simkin, Alex Michaelides and Chris Riley
The paper seeks to present finite element methods for modelling hard magnetic material magnetisation and degradation “in service”. It aims to describe methods of representing the…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper seeks to present finite element methods for modelling hard magnetic material magnetisation and degradation “in service”. It aims to describe methods of representing the hysteretic behaviour of permanent magnets, and allowing for variations in the material characteristics caused by temperature and demagnetising fields.
Design/methodology/approach
A permanent magnet DC motor example is used to demonstrate the complete modelling cycle. The magnetisation of the ring‐segments of the stator magnets was modelled using a transient, non‐linear, eddy‐current solver. The rings were transferred to the PMDC motor. The de‐magnetisation of the magnets “in service” was studied as a function of load, operating armature current and temperature.
Findings
The effect of hard magnetic material de‐magnetization was accurately quantified. Its dependence on the reverse‐field armature currents and operating temperature was demonstrated. The benefits of accurately representing the material characteristics in PMDC motors were clearly identified.
Research limitations/implications
The model for hard magnetic materials under magnetizing and demagnetising fields can only be perfected by using measured data. The measurements are hard to perform, in particular the effect of demagnetising fields at an angle to the easy magnetization axis is very difficult to measure.
Originality/value
The paper enhances the understanding of the process of hard magnetic material magnetisation and demagnetisation, fully examining the mechanisms and their dependence on parameters such as magnetising and demagnetising fields and temperature. The paper demonstrates how FEA methods can help to design electrical machine by accurately representing magnetic material properties and processes.
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Sanda Kaufman and George T. Duncan
Recognizing fertile ground and preparing ground not yet ready is an essential skill of an effective intervenor. This sequence of diagnosis and action is studied in a theoretical…
Abstract
Recognizing fertile ground and preparing ground not yet ready is an essential skill of an effective intervenor. This sequence of diagnosis and action is studied in a theoretical framework in which mediators examine and alter four classes of disputants' perceptions. These classes are (1) the available set of actions, (2) the class of possible consequences, (3) the likelihoods of uncertain events and consequences of actions, and (4) preferences over consequences. Denver's increasing demand for water led to the Foothills environmental dispute in 1977. This dispute featured various forms of third party intervention. U.S. Representative Patricia Schroeder's failure to mediate the Foothills conflict, and U.S. Representative Timothy Wirth's success, are compared in terms of the disputants' key beliefs affected by the two self‐appointed intervenors' actions. Using the technique of counterfactual case analysis, an exploration is made of a range of possible timing and ground preparation decisions. Although the particular circumstances of any dispute play a key role in its resolution, the proposed perspective extracts features that are general and therefore transferable to other contexts, thereby enabling mediators to belter develop, transmit, and apply intervention skills.
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Lee Quinn, Sally Dibb, Lyndon Simkin, Ana Canhoto and Mathew Analogbei
This paper aims to establish how strategic target-market selection decisions are shaped, challenged and driven in response to the rapidly evolving technological landscape. The…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to establish how strategic target-market selection decisions are shaped, challenged and driven in response to the rapidly evolving technological landscape. The authors critically evaluate the implications of these changes for the role of marketers and the organizational function of marketing.
Design/methodology/approach
The research uses qualitative methods. Key-informant interviews are conducted among senior organizational practitioners within client-side organizations, digital agencies and strategic marketing consultancies, seeking to contrast their views.
Findings
The findings reveal an erosion of responsibility for the integrated strategic role of marketing decision-making. In particular, the authors reveal that the evolving digital landscape has precipitated a sense of crisis for marketers and the role of marketing within the firm. This extends beyond simply remedying a skills-gap and is triggering a transformation that has repercussions for the future of marketing and its practice, thus diminishing functional accountability.
Research limitations/implications
The findings have long-term implications for marketing as a strategic organizational function of the firm and for marketing as a practice.
Originality/value
The study considers an increasingly digitalized marketplace and the associated impact of big data for the function of marketing. It reveals the changing scope of strategic marketing practice and functional accountability.
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Sections of the world's population have always been short of food, the menace of famine ever present. Among primitive peoples, the search for food is their greatest preoccupation…
Abstract
Sections of the world's population have always been short of food, the menace of famine ever present. Among primitive peoples, the search for food is their greatest preoccupation. In the years before the first Great War, in the civilised countries of the west, including our own, the persistent poverty of the casual and unskilled workers, helped and held to a permanent state in so many cases by improvidence, was often stretched to near‐starvation, and with few agencies really capable of affording adequate relief. Families went short of food for fairly long periods, especially in the industrial areas and towns and this during times when a dozen stale loaves could be bought for a shilling and a pint of skimmed milk for a halfpenny. In the rural areas, nature helped a little and the country folk could talk of the pleasurable flavour of a rook pie and comb the hedgerows for edible roots, but here too were the cruel flashes when men went to prison for snaring a rabbit on private land or stealing a few swedes from a farmer's clamp.
This paper aims to investigate the evolution of enterprise risk management (ERM) out of fragmented disciplinary perspectives to provide a foundation for promoting…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the evolution of enterprise risk management (ERM) out of fragmented disciplinary perspectives to provide a foundation for promoting interdisciplinary research and proposes a design science approach for more effective ERM implementation in organizations.
Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper synthesizes ERM research and practice from multiple disciplines.
Findings
Corporate risk management concepts were born in academic finance and developed further in the finance subset known as risk management and insurance. With the advent of ERM, efforts must broaden beyond applying statistical models to quantifiable risks. Other disciplines have expanded ERM research by embracing techniques to investigate risk management practices to produce knowledge that integrates practice and theory. ERM is promoted as integrated risk management, yet silos still remain in both practice and research.
Originality/value
This study provides a foundation and a proposal for moving ERM past academic and organizational silos, which is necessary to achieve the ERM philosophy and increase organizational resilience. Understanding the evolution and fragmented nature of ERM research and practice provides a foundation for interdisciplinary cooperation necessary to achieve the holistic ERM philosophy. A next frontier is effective ERM implementation. This paper argues for an organizational design science approach for mitigating the resistance to change that confounds effective implementation of ERM in organizations facing an increasingly uncertain environment and outlines future research for applying the approach to implementing the ISO 31000 risk management process.