This study aims to identify the political alignment and political activity of the 11 Presidents of Britain’s most important scientific organisation, the Royal Society of London…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to identify the political alignment and political activity of the 11 Presidents of Britain’s most important scientific organisation, the Royal Society of London, in its early years 1662–1703, to determine whether or not the institution was politically aligned.
Design/methodology/approach
There is almost no information addressing the political alignment of the Royal Society or its Presidents available in the institution’s archives, or in the writings of historians specialising in its administration. Even reliable biographical sources, such as the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography provide very limited information. However, as 10 Presidents were elected Member of Parliament (MP), The History of Parliament: British Political, Social and Local History provides a wealth of accurate, in-depth data, revealing the alignment of both.
Findings
All Presidents held senior government offices, the first was a Royalist aristocrat; of the remaining 10, 8 were Royalist or Tory MPs, 2 of whom were falsely imprisoned by the House of Commons, 2 were Whig MPs, while 4 were elevated to the Lords. The institution was Royalist aligned 1662–1680, Tory aligned 1680–1695 and Whig aligned 1695–1703, which reflects changes in Parliament and State.
Originality/value
This study establishes that the early Royal Society was not an apolitical institution and that the political alignment of Presidents and institution continued in later eras. Furthermore, it demonstrates how the election or appointment of an organisation’s most senior officer can be used to signal its political alignment with government and other organisations to serve various ends.
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With all the “Euro‐hysteria” surrounding 1992 many mayaccept already that the realisation of a single market is a foregoneconclusion. Unfortunately, argues the author, the truth…
Abstract
With all the “Euro‐hysteria” surrounding 1992 many may accept already that the realisation of a single market is a foregone conclusion. Unfortunately, argues the author, the truth is somewhat different. The bureaucrats in Brussels may not be up to the tasks involved in creating a single European market. More importantly, it is suggested that a good deal of the resources they do have are being wasted on irrelevant initiatives.
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Lively public debate regarding Britain's economic problems has begun to emerge but is focusing on the wrong priorities. By dwelling obsessively on unemployment and regarding the…
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Lively public debate regarding Britain's economic problems has begun to emerge but is focusing on the wrong priorities. By dwelling obsessively on unemployment and regarding the alleviation of this problem as the main target, it fails to see unemployment being positively affected as a by‐product of the necessary adaptation to the new technological and social environment.
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To the outsider, the buyer's decision taking processes would seem to be highly empirical with little use being made of the scientific management techniques that are now available…
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To the outsider, the buyer's decision taking processes would seem to be highly empirical with little use being made of the scientific management techniques that are now available. Since the potential savings must be very high, it is very important to ask ourselves why operational research in particular has made so little impact.
I would like to begin by briefly addressing the question: is there a problem? I believe, unequivocally, the answer is “Yes”. What is more, I sense that there is a very…
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I would like to begin by briefly addressing the question: is there a problem? I believe, unequivocally, the answer is “Yes”. What is more, I sense that there is a very rapidly‐growing acceptance of this fact. Indeed I hardly dare mention Handy, Constable or McCormick for fear their findings have become such clichés that everybody will become bored.
Kathleen M Repath and Tim Foxlow
Investigates KnowledgeBase manufacturing, a complete system solutionthat integrates MRPII with knowledgeBase systems design to meet therequirements of individual manufacturers and…
Abstract
Investigates KnowledgeBase manufacturing, a complete system solution that integrates MRPII with knowledgeBase systems design to meet the requirements of individual manufacturers and their customers. Compares KnowledgeBase with conventional manufacturing systems, outlining its flexibility and user‐friendly operation. Describes how a system was designed for a mixed‐mode manufacturing organisation, from the initial design task through to its implementation and integration with existing systems such as electronic data interchange and computer‐aided design. Concludes with some of the advantages that KnowledgeBase manufacturing system can bring to companies, including increased productivity, shorter business cycles and improved communications within the company.
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Crystal B Howard and H.Lee Swanson
This chapter reviews some of our most recent research as to whether the cognitive performance of reading disabled and poor readers can be separated under dynamic assessment…
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This chapter reviews some of our most recent research as to whether the cognitive performance of reading disabled and poor readers can be separated under dynamic assessment procedures. We describe results related to junior high school students (mean chronological age of 12 years) with reading disabilities, poor readers, and skilled readers. Students were administered intelligence, reading and math tests, and working memory (WM) measures (presented under static and dynamic testing conditions). The results thus far show that: (1) dynamic assessment measures (maintenance scores) contributed unique variance to predicting reading; and (2) poor readers and skilled readers were more likely to change and maintain gains under the dynamic testing conditions than students with reading disabilities. Some discussion was given to developing a valid classification of reading disabilities.
André Spicer, Pınar Cankurtaran and Michael B. Beverland
Consecration is the process by which producers in creative fields become canonized as “greats.” However, is this the end of the story? Research on consecration focuses on the…
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Consecration is the process by which producers in creative fields become canonized as “greats.” However, is this the end of the story? Research on consecration focuses on the drivers of consecration but pays little attention to the post-consecration period. Furthermore, the research ignores the dynamics of consecration. To address these gaps, we examine the changing fortunes of a consecrated artist – the musician Phil Collins. We identify the ways in which three actors (fans, critics, and peers) assemble for consecration, disassemble for deconsecration, and reassemble for reconsecration. Examining the changing public image and commercial fortunes of Collins as a solo artist between 1980 and 2020, we identify an N-shaped process of rise-fall-rise that we call the Phil Collins Effect. This effect offers a new way of thinking about how cultural producers gain, lose and regain status in their fields.