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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2003

Simon Attfield, Ann Blandford and John Dowell

Information seeking does not occur in a vacuum but invariably is motivated by some wider task. It is well accepted that to understand information seeking we must understand the…

1922

Abstract

Information seeking does not occur in a vacuum but invariably is motivated by some wider task. It is well accepted that to understand information seeking we must understand the task context within which it takes place. Writing is amongst the most common tasks within which information seeking is embedded. This paper considers how writing can be understood in order to account for embedded information seeking. Following Sharples, the paper treats writing as a design activity and explore parallels between the psychology of design and information seeking. Significant parallels can be found and ideas from the psychology of design offer explanations for a number of information seeking phenomena. Next, a design‐oriented representation of writing tasks as a means of providing an account of phenomena such as information seeking uncertainty and focus refinement is developed. The paper illustrates the representation with scenarios describing the work of newspaper journalists.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 59 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

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Article
Publication date: 12 October 2012

David John Dowell, Chris Dawson, Nerys Fuller‐Love and Benjamin Hopkins

The purpose of this paper is to use a marketing segmentation approach based upon attitudes and perceptions of centrality, trust, communication, conflict resolution, benefits and…

697

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to use a marketing segmentation approach based upon attitudes and perceptions of centrality, trust, communication, conflict resolution, benefits and satisfaction to create a typology of network members specifically for entrepreneurs as actors in entrepreneurial business networks.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a survey of individuals drawn from six entrepreneurial networks located within West Wales and South‐East Ireland. Initial analysis utilised exploratory factor analysis, which was then used as a base for cluster analysis. Validity was established using ANOVA (continuous data) and Chi‐square (categorical data) tests, while reliability was examined through Cronbach alphas.

Findings

The findings indicate that a four segment structure existed. Each of the four segments were found to be significantly different regarding attitudes towards centrality, trust, communication, conflict resolution, benefits and satisfaction. The four network member segments are: Benefiters, Doubters, Shadows and Leaders.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of this research is the sample size. Consequently, the implications are somewhat limited and more work is required to validate these findings. Further research is needed to test if the segments are generalisable.

Originality/value

The research is an initial attempt to segment actors in entrepreneurial networks through the use of market segmentation. The work creates a pathway for further investigations into this area using the segmentation framework.

Details

Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-5201

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2003

Simon Attfield and John Dowell

Reports an interview study into information seeking and use by journalists at a national British newspaper. Describes work activity in the context of a series of behaviour shaping…

4736

Abstract

Reports an interview study into information seeking and use by journalists at a national British newspaper. Describes work activity in the context of a series of behaviour shaping constraints and cognitive and external resources. Describes the journalist's information seeking as motivated by originality checking (of the angle), developing a personal understanding, discovering/confirming potential content and also describes information gathering and managing multiple information spaces. Shows how these are motivated by context, facilitated by resources, and how they enrich the journalist's resource space. Also shows that journalistic work is uncertain as a function of an uncertain context and their continually evolving plans. These result in provisional and unstable relevance judgments, and, during later stages, the reinitiating of preparatory information seeking activities, including the relocation and review of previously read documents. At the end presents a model to summarise the findings.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 59 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

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Book part
Publication date: 1 January 2000

Abstract

Details

The New Institutionalism in Strategic Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-164-4

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1943

In an aircraft control mechanism, an auxiliary airfoil fixed on spaced support arms, said arms being mounted on guideways and in parallel relation for chordwise movement, and…

16

Abstract

In an aircraft control mechanism, an auxiliary airfoil fixed on spaced support arms, said arms being mounted on guideways and in parallel relation for chordwise movement, and means for moving one arm a greater distance than the other, comprising interconnected differential means constituting integral pairs of rotating members, one member of each pair being of different diameter than the other member and being positively engaged with one support arm, the second members of the pairs of integral circular members being of the same diameter and being coupled for joint rotation by flexible means passing around the peripheries of both.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 5 May 2015

Rafal P. Wojda and Marian K. Kazimierczuk

The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, an analytical model based on one-dimensional Dowell’s equation for computing ac-to-dc winding resistance ratio FR of litz wire is…

469

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, an analytical model based on one-dimensional Dowell’s equation for computing ac-to-dc winding resistance ratio FR of litz wire is presented. The model takes into account proximity effect within the bundle and between bundle layers as well as the skin effect. Second, low- and medium-frequency approximation of Dowell’s equation for the litz-wire winding is derived. Third, a derivation of an analytical equation is given for the optimum strand diameter of the litz-wire winding independent on the porosity factor.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology is as follows. First, the model of the litz-wire bundle is assumed to be a square shape. Than the effective number of layers in the litz wire bundle is derived. Second, the litz-wire winding is presented and an analytical equation for the winding resistance is derived. Third, analytical optimization of the strand diameter in the litz-wire winding is independent on the porosity factor performed, where the strand diameter is independent on the porosity factor. The boundary frequency between the low-frequency and the medium-frequency ranges for both solid-round-wire and litz-wire windings are derived. Hence, useful frequency range of both windings can be determined and compared.

Findings

Closed form analytical equations for the optimum strand diameter independent of the porosity factor are derived. It has been shown that the ac-to-dc winding resistance ratio of the litz-wire winding for the optimum strand diameter is equal to 1.5. Moreover, it has been shown that litz-wire winding is better than the solid-round-wire winding only in specific frequency range. At very high frequencies the litz-wire winding ac resistance becomes much greater than the solid-round-wire winding due to proximity effect between the strands in the litz-wire bundle. The accuracy of the derived equations is experimentally verified.

Research limitations/implications

Derived equations takes into account the losses due to induced eddy-currents caused by the applied current. Equations does not take into account the losses caused by the fringing flux, curvature, edge and end winding effects.

Originality/value

This paper presents derivations of the closed-form analytical equations for the optimum bare strand diameter of the litz-wire winding independent on the porosity factor. Significant advantage of derived equations is their simplicity and easy to use for the inductor designers.

Details

COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 34 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1969

L.D.M. Mackenzie

ON TUESDAY, 3 December 1878, there was held within the premises of Mr Dowell at 18 George Street, Edinburgh, an auction of the library of Andrew Jervise, Esq., F.S.A.(Scot.)…

26

Abstract

ON TUESDAY, 3 December 1878, there was held within the premises of Mr Dowell at 18 George Street, Edinburgh, an auction of the library of Andrew Jervise, Esq., F.S.A.(Scot.). Jervise, a bachelor, had died almost eight months before at the age of 58. In his library was a two‐volume edition of Jamieson's Dictionary of the Scottish Language, edited by John Johnstone, published by Wm. Tait in 1840–41, and printed at the University Press (Messrs. Stevenson's), then in Thistle Street. This was sold for the sum of £3 3s. to an unnamed buyer. In 1967 in ‘The Book Cellar’, a newly‐opened secondhand bookshop in Dundas Street, Edinburgh, it was to appear again. This time it was broken‐backed and apparently of undistinguished origin.

Details

Library Review, vol. 22 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0024-2535

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Article
Publication date: 9 April 2024

Charles A. Donnelly, Sushobhan Sen, John W. DeSantis and Julie M. Vandenbossche

The time-varying equivalent linear temperature gradient (ELTG) significantly affects the development of faulting and must therefore be accounted for in pavement design. The same…

50

Abstract

Purpose

The time-varying equivalent linear temperature gradient (ELTG) significantly affects the development of faulting and must therefore be accounted for in pavement design. The same is true for faulting of bonded concrete overlays of asphalt (BCOA) with slabs larger than 3 x 3 m. However, the evaluation of ELTG in Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) BCOA design is highly time-consuming. The use of an effective ELTG (EELTG) is an efficient alternative to calculating ELTG. In this study, a model to quickly evaluate EELTG was developed for faulting in BCOA for panels 3 m or longer in size, whose faulting is sensitive to ELTG.

Design/methodology/approach

A database of EELTG responses was generated for 144 BCOAs at 169 locations throughout the continental United States, which was used to develop a series of prediction models. Three methods were evaluated: multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP). The performance of each method was compared, considering both accuracy and model complexity.

Findings

It was shown that ANNs display the highest accuracy, with an R2 of 0.90 on the validation dataset. MLR and MGGP models achieved R2 of 0.73 and 0.71, respectively. However, these models consisted of far fewer free parameters as compared to the ANNs. The model comparison performed in this study highlights the need for researchers to consider the complexity of models so that their direct implementation is feasible.

Originality/value

This research produced a rapid EELTG prediction model for BCOAs that can be incorporated into the existing faulting model framework.

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Article
Publication date: 20 January 2022

Milad Shabanian and Nicole Leo Braxtan

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of intermediate-size glued-laminated beam-to-girder assemblies connected with T-shaped slotted-in steel…

113

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of intermediate-size glued-laminated beam-to-girder assemblies connected with T-shaped slotted-in steel doweled connections at ambient temperature (AT), after and during non-standard fire exposure.

Design/methodology/approach

AT tests were performed using a universal testing machine (UTM) to evaluate the load-carrying capacity and failure modes of the assembly at room temperature. Post-fire-performance (PFP) tests were conducted to study the impact of 30-min and 60-min partial exposure to a non-standard fire on the residual strength of the assemblies. The assemblies were subject to fire in a custom-designed frame, then cooled and loaded to failure in the UTM. A fire-performance test was conducted to investigate the fire-resistance during non-standard fire exposure by simultaneously applying fire and mechanical load with the custom frame.

Findings

At AT, embedment failure of the dowels followed by brittle splitting failure were found to be the dominant failure modes in the beams. In the PFP tests, embedment failure and plastic bending of the dowels were the only observed failure modes. The residual strength of the assembly was reduced by 23.7% after 30-min and 47.8% after 60-min of fire exposure. Ductile embedment failure of the timber in contact with the dowels was the only failure mode observed during the fire-performance test, with the maximum rate of displacement at 57 min into the fire.

Originality/value

Data are presented for full-contact (no gap) connections in Glulam assemblies. PFP results are first to be published.

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1980

VINE is produced at least four times a year with the object of providing up‐to‐date news of work being done in the automation of library housekeeping processes, principally in the…

101

Abstract

VINE is produced at least four times a year with the object of providing up‐to‐date news of work being done in the automation of library housekeeping processes, principally in the UK. It is edited and substantially written by Tony McSean, Information Officer for Library Automation based in Southampton University Library and supported by a grant from the British Library Research and Development Department. Copyright for VINE articles rests with the British Library Board, but opinions expressed in VINE do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the British Library. The subscription to VINE is £17 per annum and the period runs from January to December.

Details

VINE, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-5728

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