João M. Lopes, Sofia Gomes, João J.M. Ferreira and Marina Dabic
Europe’s outermost regions are often geographically isolated, and they face challenges when it comes to fostering innovation. This study aims to evaluate the impact of Science and…
Abstract
Purpose
Europe’s outermost regions are often geographically isolated, and they face challenges when it comes to fostering innovation. This study aims to evaluate the impact of Science and Technology Parks (STPs) on the stimulation of innovation performance and the regional development of innovation in the outermost European regions. This study contributes to the development and interpretation of STP literature, which is especially relevant for policymakers operating within these regions.
Design/methodology/approach
We collected the data from six Regional Innovation Scoreboard reports (RIS, 2012; RIS, 2014; RIS, 2016; RIS, 2017; RIS, 2019; and RIS 2021), available at https://ec.europa.eu, for the following outermost regions of Europe: the Autonomous Regions of Azores and Madeira (Portugal), the Canary Islands (Spain) and the Outermost Regions of France, which encompass Martinique, Mayotte, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Saint-Martin and Reunion Island.
Findings
The results demonstrate that, for STPs to positively impact regional policies for innovation and regional development, policymakers must make significant investments into research and development (R&D). The outermost European regions display characteristics that negatively affect innovation performance and regional development. Furthermore, we found that innovative products and services are negatively affected by these regions, as they deploy only a limited number of resources. We also conclude that the impact of STPs on the outermost European regions depends on the policies of regional governments. STPs represent important inputs to formulating and implementing innovation strategies for regional development.
Research limitations/implications
This study has some limitations. This research only analyses the European Union's (EU’s) outermost regions, and we have only included data extracted from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard from 2007 to 2021. Disaggregated data for the five outermost regions in France was not available. This would have increased the sample and made the results even more robust, had the information been available.
Practical implications
The results propose that regional actors in the outermost regions (industry–government–academia) better articulate their resources (which are more scarce) and their priorities with regard to Science, Technology and Innovation, thus accelerating innovation and development of their regions.
Originality/value
In this panel data study, we adopt a methodology that enables the evaluation of STP performance under different levels of intensity of gross domestic expenditure on research and development activities in the context of the RIS. In this study, the RIS refers to the peripheral regions of the EU. This study therefore aims to evaluate the impact of STPs in stimulating innovation performance and regional development in the outermost regions of Europe.
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Luís Farinha, João Lopes, João Renato Sebastião, João José Ferreira, José Oliveira and Paulo Silveira
This paper aims to understand how the different stakeholders assess the adequacy of smart specialization policies defined for their regions.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to understand how the different stakeholders assess the adequacy of smart specialization policies defined for their regions.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper has followed a quantitative methodology through the application of questionnaire surveys to stakeholders of the various territorial regions in Portugal.
Findings
As a result, from the “resource-based view” approach applied to the various regions, the attained results highlight that the suitability of smart specialization policies defined for the Portuguese regions is not unanimous among its stakeholders.
Originality/value
The research can be used as a tool to assist regional policymakers in strategic reflection when defining and adjusting smart specialization strategies in their territories.
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João Lopes, Sergio Jesus Teixeira, João J.M. Ferreira, Paulo Silveira, Luís Farinha and João Lussuamo
The purpose of this paper is to involve the differences in the entrepreneurial intentions of student at higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Portuguese regions (mainland…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to involve the differences in the entrepreneurial intentions of student at higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Portuguese regions (mainland and insular).
Design/methodology/approach
Applying a sample of 594 valid responses, the authors analyzed the data according to linear regression models.
Findings
The results convey how HEI students generally do not intend to become entrepreneurs in both the mainland and the insular regions. Although HEI students broadly do not aim to launch their own businesses, the results show that students in mainland regions feel they have the skills to start a business and drive it to success. In insular regions, students feel encouraged by their friends and family to set up their own business. When comparing insular and mainland regions, the results demonstrate how in insular regions, there is a greater probability that HEI students become entrepreneurs than in the mainland regions. Furthermore, entrepreneurial intentions in the mainland regions develop in terms of “opportunities” while driven by necessity in the insular regions.
Practical implications
This furthermore makes recommendations to regional governments and to HEIs in order to enable better encouragement of entrepreneurship in academia.
Originality/value
This study is original and innovative due to its comparison of the entrepreneurial intentions prevailing in mainland and insular regions and may propose new highlights to the academic scientific literature.
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João M. Lopes, Paulo Silveira, Luís Farinha, Márcio Oliveira and José Oliveira
Regional innovation performance is an important indicator for decision-making regarding the implementation of policies intended for regional development. However, regional…
Abstract
Purpose
Regional innovation performance is an important indicator for decision-making regarding the implementation of policies intended for regional development. However, regional development policies have led economies to very different competitive positions in matters of innovation. To address these issues, this paper aims to identify the variables that most contribute to the positioning of economies in terms of performance innovation in Europe.
Design/methodology/approach
The data for this study were collected at the regional innovation scoreboard. This paper uses a quantitative methodology through a multivariate statistical technique (discriminant analysis).
Findings
The results suggest that specific innovation strategies explain the competitive positioning of economies within each group of countries. It was possible to demonstrate that economies with leader classification show greater comparative robustness in the variables “Small and medium enterprise (SMEs) with product or process innovations,” “SMEs with product or process innovations,” “research and development (R&D) expenditure public sector” and “population with tertiary education,” constituting an effective instrument of innovation policy. Furthermore, it was possible to show that the economies belonging to the modest group do not have a competitive advantage in any of the variables under study, thus providing a reflection opportunity for policymakers at this level.
Originality/value
The present research identifies which variables are most relevant to the classification considering the regional innovation performance in leader, strong, moderate and modest. Several suggestions were given to companies, policymakers and higher education institutions in the sense that the regions where they operate can improve their innovative performance, which may help to a change in their current classification.
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Ana Pinto Borges, João M. Lopes, Catarina Carvalho, Bruno Miguel Vieira and Jorge Lopes
The purpose of this study is to analyze the entrepreneurial intentions of higher education students in a private higher education institution (HEI), enrolled in the following…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the entrepreneurial intentions of higher education students in a private higher education institution (HEI), enrolled in the following courses: Business Management, Hospitality Management, Tourism and Business Relations.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative methodology was used through the application of a questionnaire in a private HEI located in the northern region of Portugal and 228 valid responses were collected.
Findings
We have found out that (1) the elder the students are, the higher is the probability that they will consider entrepreneurship as the first option to enter the job market; (2) the courses of Business Management and Hotel Management are those that influence the entrepreneurial intentions most positively; (3) the more prepared a student feels in order to start a business, the more likely he will become an entrepreneur; (4) to consider entrepreneurship as the first option to enter the job market is positively influenced by the dimensions of the Attitude Toward Enterprise (ATE), namely, leadership, creativity, achievement and personal control; (5) to have a business idea could be motivated by the course in which the students are enrolled in, if they feel they are prepared to start a business, and by the dimensions of ATE.
Practical implications
HEIs and/or regional governments may have an entrepreneurship support office, where students can get assistance in the process of creating their companies and develop innovative entrepreneurial models adapted to older students. The creation of “senior entrepreneurial ecosystems” can be an interesting path to be explored. HEIs can make extracurricular activities available to students. Policymakers must introduce entrepreneurship to primary and secondary education.
Originality/value
This study increases the understanding of the individual characteristics of the students in a private HEI, as well as the courses that positively influence entrepreneurial intentions.
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Susana Almeida Lopes, Maria Eduarda Duarte and João Almeida Lopes
The purpose of this paper is to propose a predictive model that could replace lawyers’ annual performance rankings and inform talent management (TM) in law firms.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a predictive model that could replace lawyers’ annual performance rankings and inform talent management (TM) in law firms.
Design/methodology/approach
Eight years of performance rankings of a sample of 140 lawyers from one law firm are used. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to model and simulate performance rankings over time. Multivariate regression analysis is used to compare with the non-linear networks.
Findings
With a lag of one year, performance ranking changes are predicted by the networks with an accuracy of 71 percent, over performing regression analysis by 15 percent. With a lag of two years, accuracy is reduced by 4 percent.
Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the literature of TM in law firms and to predictive research. Generalizability would require replication with broader samples.
Practical implications
Neural networks enable extended intervals for performance rankings. Reducing the time and effort spent benefits partners and lawyers alike, who can instead devote time to in-depth feedback. Strategic planning, early identification of the most talented and avenues for tailored careers become open.
Originality/value
This study pioneers the use of ANNs in law firm TM. The method surpasses traditional static study of performance through its use of non-linear simulation and prediction modeling.
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Sofia Gomes, João M. Lopes and Luís Ferreira
The technological and digital revolution has introduced important changes in the tourism industry. However, capturing the extent of the new tourism 4.0 paradigm is still…
Abstract
Purpose
The technological and digital revolution has introduced important changes in the tourism industry. However, capturing the extent of the new tourism 4.0 paradigm is still difficult. This study aims to assess the dimensions related to the concepts of industry 4.0 in tourism and hospitality, tourism innovation and tourism ecosystem when considered simultaneously, and their role in promoting a new wave of competitiveness in the tourism industry.
Design/methodology/approach
A bibliometric study was conducted based on tourism 4.0, hotel 4.0, tourism innovation and tourism ecosystem using 120 eligible articles published between 2008 and 2021 from the Web of Science database.
Findings
This study demonstrated the advances in industry 4.0 in tourism and hospitality publications over 13 years and identified five interconnected dimensions: (1) knowledge transfer in tourism; (2) networking tourism innovation; (3) sources of tourism innovation; (4) smart tourism ecosystem and (5) innovation research in tourism. It was also concluded that tourism development should be a regional competence based on strategic networking and externalisation of regional knowledge flows.
Research limitations/implications
This bibliometric review provides important implications and recommendations for several players of industry 4.0 in tourism and hospitality and policymakers. Not only did it make it possible to create a state of art, but also to categorise the existing interconnections between the dimensions of Tourism 4.0, Hotel 4.0, Tourism innovation and Tourism ecosystem to optimise its implementation and generate greater value. In addition, practical implications were inferred that improve the tourism sector’s competitiveness, helping strategic decision-making at the level of policymakers and actors in this sector.
Practical implications
Apart from state of the art, this bibliometric review made it possible to categorise the existing interconnections between the dimensions of tourism 4.0, hotel 4.0, tourism innovation and tourism ecosystem to optimise its implementation and generate greater value. Practical implications were inferred that improve the tourism sector’s competitiveness, helping strategic decision-making at the level of policymakers and several players in this sector.
Originality/value
This study addresses the existing literature gap in the interconnection of industry 4.0 with tourism and hospitality by describing the most relevant conceptual interconnections and setting practical implications for improving the competitiveness of the tourism industry. Furthermore, it integrates previous studies and outlines future lines of investigation.
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Ana Brochado, José Manuel Cristóvão Veríssimo and João Carlos Lopes de Oliveira
This study aims to explore demographic market segments’ effect on the relationships between memorable tourism experiences (MTEs), perceived value dimensions and tourists’…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore demographic market segments’ effect on the relationships between memorable tourism experiences (MTEs), perceived value dimensions and tourists’ behavioral intentions.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected with an online survey that gathered information on MTEs, economic value, quality value, emotional value, social value and intentions to recommend and revisit. Based on a sample of 1,003 Portuguese tourists, the research model was estimated using partial least squares path modeling.
Findings
The results reveal that MTEs have a positive impact on all four perceived value dimensions. Emotional and social value have a positive effect on recommendation intentions. Tourists from different demographic segments exhibit heterogeneous patterns regarding perceived value dimensions’ influence on these individuals’ behavioral intentions. Emotional value has the strongest impact for females, but males are influenced more by social value. Economic value significantly contributes to younger tourists’ recommendation intention, while quality value has the same effect on the 36–45 age group.
Originality/value
This study extended the existing knowledge by confirming heterogeneity among different tourist segments defined by age and gender regarding the relationships between MTEs, perceived value dimensions and behavioral intentions.
目的
本研究旨在探讨人口统计细分市场对难忘旅游体验 (MTE)、感知价值维度和游客行为意愿之间关系的影响。
设计
数据通过在线调查收集。该调查收集了有关 MTE、经济价值、质量价值、情感价值、社会价值以及推荐和重访意愿的信息。研究模型根据 1,003 名葡萄牙游客的样本使用偏最小二乘路径模型进行分析验证。
结果
分析结果表明, MTE 对所有四个感知价值维度都有积极影响。情感价值和社会价值对推荐意愿有正向影响。在游客的感知价值维度对他们行为意愿的影响方面, 不同人口统计背景的群体表现出不同的模式。情感价值对女性的行为意愿影响最大, 而社会价值对男性行为意愿影响最大。对于年轻群体, 经济价值影响其推荐意愿, 而对于 36–45 年龄组的群体, 则是质量价值影响其推荐意愿。
原创性
本研究证明按年龄和性别定义的不同旅游群体对于 MTE、感知价值维度和行为意愿之间关系的异质性, 从而扩展了现有文献。
Propósito
Este estudio buscó explorar el efecto de los segmentos demográficos en la relación entre las experiencias turísticas memorables (MTE, por sus siglas en inglés memorable tourism experiences), las dimensiones del valor percibido y las intenciones de comportamiento de los turistas.
Diseño
Los datos se recogieron mediante una encuesta online que recopiló información sobre MTEs, valor económico, valor de calidad, valor emocional, valor social, intención de recomendar y de revisita. El modelo de investigación se estimó en base a una muestra de 1.003 turistas portugueses aplicando la metodología de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS).
Resultados
Los resultados revelan que las MTE tienen un impacto positivo en las cuatro dimensiones del valor percibido. El valor emocional y social tiene un efecto positivo en las intenciones de recomendación. Los turistas de diferentes segmentos demográficos exhiben patrones heterogéneos en cuanto a la influencia de las dimensiones del valor percibido en las intenciones de comportamiento. El valor emocional tiene el impacto más fuerte para las mujeres y el valor social para los hombres. El valor económico es relevante para explicar las intenciones de recomendación para el grupo más joven y el valor de calidad para el grupo de edad de 36 a 45 años.
Originalidad
Este estudio amplía el conocimiento existente al confirmar la heterogeneidad entre los diferentes segmentos turísticos definidos por edad y género con respecto a las relaciones entre los MTE, las dimensiones del valor percibido y las intenciones de comportamiento.
Details
Keywords
- Perceived value
- Memorable tourism experience
- Behavioral intention
- Moderator
- Recommendation
- Revisit intentions
- Experience economy
- SEM
- Multi-group analysis
- Survey
- Market segmentation
- Demographic segmentation
- 难忘的旅游体验
- 感知价值
- 行为意愿
- 调节变量
- Experiencia turística memorable
- Valor percibido
- Intención de comportamiento
- Moderador
- recomendación
- intenciones de revisitar
- economía de la experiencia
- SEM
- análisis multigrupo
- encuesta
- segmentación de mercado
- segmentación demográfica
Pedro Ferreira, Sofia Gomes and João M. Lopes
The purpose of this study is to explore the ways in which work practices promote work-life balance when family time is available (as a spillover effect from work to personal life…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the ways in which work practices promote work-life balance when family time is available (as a spillover effect from work to personal life) and how differently they affect men and women.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative and longitudinal approach is taken based on data from a large database made up of 71,758 workers from 36 European countries, collected in 2021 by the European Working Conditions Survey. After preliminary analysis (including exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis), the partial least square method was used to test the hypothesis of the conceptual model.
Findings
The results of this study reveal that some work practices (autonomy and confidence at work) positively affect work-life balance. The time available for family and domestic care positively affects work-life balance, and this effect is more relevant for women than for men.
Practical implications
These results are important for organizations that wish to promote not only family-friendly work practices but also above all gender-friendly work practices.
Originality/value
Based on a large sample of European workers, this study makes an important contribution by filling the gap on the understanding and importance of mechanisms outside the organizational context for promoting work-life balance through work practices, thus extending the notion of spillover effects while considering gender differences.
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Sofia Gomes, João M. Lopes and Tiago Trancoso
Using artificial intelligence technologies in customer service through chatbots is revolutionizing companies’ commercial practices and business models. This study explores the…
Abstract
Purpose
Using artificial intelligence technologies in customer service through chatbots is revolutionizing companies’ commercial practices and business models. This study explores the role of customer experience drivers in using chatbot services in customer engagement and customer behavior intention. The mediating role of customer engagement in the relationship between the customer experience drivers of using chatbots and the customer behavior intention was also explored.
Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, a sample of 1,319 Portuguese consumers using chatbots in their online purchases was collected. A quantitative methodology was applied with the partial least squares method.
Findings
The results reveal that the customer experience drivers of using the chatbot service directly and positively influence customer engagement but not customer behavior intention. However, there is a positive influence of customer experience drivers on customer behavior intention when mediated by customer engagement.
Originality/value
This study contributes to developing social exchange and resource exchange theories in customer experience. In addition, it allows companies to infer practical implications for obtaining sustainable competitive advantages through implementing chatbot technology.