Jinxiang Zeng, Shujin Cao, Yijin Chen, Pei Pan and Yafang Cai
This study analyzed the interdisciplinary characteristics of Chinese research studies in library and information science (LIS) measured by knowledge elements extracted through the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study analyzed the interdisciplinary characteristics of Chinese research studies in library and information science (LIS) measured by knowledge elements extracted through the Lexicon-LSTM model.
Design/methodology/approach
Eight research themes were selected for experiment, with a large-scale (N = 11,625) dataset of research papers from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database constructed. And it is complemented with multiple corpora. Knowledge elements were extracted through a Lexicon-LSTM model. A subject knowledge graph is constructed to support the searching and classification of knowledge elements. An interdisciplinary-weighted average citation index space was constructed for measuring the interdisciplinary characteristics and contributions based on knowledge elements.
Findings
The empirical research shows that the Lexicon-LSTM model has superiority in the accuracy of extracting knowledge elements. In the field of LIS, the interdisciplinary diversity indicator showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2021, while the disciplinary balance and difference indicators showed a downward trend. The knowledge elements of theory and methodology could be used to detect and measure the interdisciplinary characteristics and contributions.
Originality/value
The extraction of knowledge elements facilitates the discovery of semantic information embedded in academic papers. The knowledge elements were proved feasible for measuring the interdisciplinary characteristics and exploring the changes in the time sequence, which helps for overview the state of the arts and future development trend of the interdisciplinary of research theme in LIS.
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Wenxing Niu, Lei Liu, Hong Xu and Jinxiang Dong
The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of (C9H8N)4(H2O)4[Zr8P12O40(OH)8F8] (designated as ZrPOF-Q1) used as an additive in lithium grease.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of (C9H8N)4(H2O)4[Zr8P12O40(OH)8F8] (designated as ZrPOF-Q1) used as an additive in lithium grease.
Design/methodology/approach
The tribological properties of ZrPOF-Q1 as an additive in the lithium grease were evaluated with a four-ball tester. To understand the lubrication mechanism, post-test characterization of the contact tracks was performed via three-dimensional (3D) optical profiler, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
Findings
The results reveal that ZrPOF-Q1 exhibits good performance in anti-wear, friction-reducing and load-carrying capacity. The action mechanism is estimated through analysis of the worn surface with SEM, EDS and 3D. The results indicate that ZrPOF-Q1 can adhere on the substrate, protecting the rubbed surfaces from a direct contact, even under high load for a long-time test. ZrPOF-Q1 can adhere on the substrate, protecting the rubbed surfaces from a direct contact, even under high load for a long-time test.
Originality/value
This work illustrates that ZrPOF-Q1 as an additive can improve lubricating performance. These tribological properties make ZrPOF-Q1 a promising candidate for lubricant additive.
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Xingbing Yang, Xinye Wang, Wei Li, Tingting Zhang, Mengmeng Yan and Xue Fu
This paper aims to study the direct synthesis of imino methyl ether amino resin using commercially available formaldehyde, melamine and methanol through one-step two-stage…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the direct synthesis of imino methyl ether amino resin using commercially available formaldehyde, melamine and methanol through one-step two-stage catalysis.
Design/methodology/approach
Initially, melamine undergoes a reaction with formaldehyde to form hydroxylmethylation melamine in a basic setting. Subsequently, hydrochloric acid is incorporated to facilitate the etherification process. The study delves into the impact of various factors during the etherification phase, including the quantity of methanol, the temperature at which etherification occurs, the number of etherification cycles and the amount of catalyst used, on the synthesis of imino methyl-etherified amino resins. Ultimately, the most favorable conditions for etherification are identified through comparative analysis to evaluate the resulting synthesized products.
Findings
The methyl-etherified amino resin, characterized by a stable structure and consistent performance, was efficiently synthesized through a one-step, two-stage catalytic process. Optimal conditions for the etherification stage were determined to be a reaction temperature of 35°C, a melamine to methanol ratio of 1:24 and an addition of hydrochloric acid ranging from 2.2 mL to 2.5 mL. Remarkably, the resulting resin notably enhanced the water resistance, salt resistance and gloss of the canned iron printing varnish coatings.
Originality/value
Amino resins, known for their broad applications across numerous industries, face sustainability and operational efficiency hurdles when produced through traditional methods, which predominantly involve the use of a 37% formaldehyde solution. To tackle these issues, our research introduces an innovative method that add 37% formaldehyde to facilitate industrial production. The use of 37% liquid formaldehyde in this paper has two benefits: first, it is convenient for industrial application and production; Second, it is convenient to provide mild reaction conditions at lower concentrations because the amino group is relatively active, which is convenient for the preservation of the amino group and integrates it with a one-step, two-stage catalytic process. The primary objective of our study is threefold: to reduce the environmental footprint of amino resin synthesis, to optimize the use of resources and to improve the economic viability for its large-scale production. By employing this new strategy, we try to provide a more sustainable and efficient manufacturing process for amino resins.