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Publication date: 5 June 2012

Lei Peng, George Hadjisophocleous, Jim Mehaffey and Mohammad Mohammad

This paper presents models for calculating the fire resistance ratings of bolted timber connections based on fire-resistance test results carried out recently. In the first phase…

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Abstract

This paper presents models for calculating the fire resistance ratings of bolted timber connections based on fire-resistance test results carried out recently. In the first phase of the work, a three-dimensional finite-element thermal model was employed to analyze heat transfer within bolted Wood-Steel-Wood (WSW) and Steel-Wood-Steel (SWS) connections. The thermal model was found to provide good predictions when comparing the calculated temperatures and residual cross-section dimensions of timber connections with the experiment results. In the next phase, an embedment strength reduction model was used to calculate the load-bearing capacity of WSW and SWS bolted connections by including the temperature profiles generated from the heat transfer model. Different relationships of wood embedding strength as a function of temperatures were used in the structural model. The comparisons with experimental results showed that Noren's approach seemed to predict fire resistances of bolted timber connections in good agreement. The structural model combined with the heat transfer model presented in this paper can be used for the parametric study of the performance of timber connections under fire exposure.

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Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-2317

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Article
Publication date: 5 June 2012

Lei Peng, George Hadjisophocleous, Jim Mehaffey and Mohammad Mohammad

This paper presents the results of a series of fire-resistance tests on bolted wood-steel-wood (WSW) connections and bolted steel-wood-steel (SWS) connections. In total, 16 WSW…

216

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a series of fire-resistance tests on bolted wood-steel-wood (WSW) connections and bolted steel-wood-steel (SWS) connections. In total, 16 WSW specimens and 6 SWS specimens were tested in accordance with the provisions of CAN/ULC-S101. All the specimens were subjected to a constant tensile load parallel to grain during the tests. The effects of load level, wood thickness, fastener diameter, number of fasteners, edge distance and protection were studied. The test results show that the fire-resistance ratings of all the tested WSW connections without protection were less than 45 minutes (a target rating for Canadian code compliance) and the fire-resistance ratings of all the tested SWS connections without protection were less than 25 minutes. Specimens with thicker wood side members were found to exhibit better fire resistances. Decreasing the load ratio increased the fire resistance. The test results on protected specimens show that the protection provided by a single-layer of 15.9 mm type X gypsum board increased the fire resistance by more than 30 minutes, whereas a double-layer of 12.7 mm Douglas fir plywood increased the fire resistance by 15 minutes. Furthermore, this research has generated necessary data and knowledge for the validation of a numerical heat transfer model and an analytical structural model.

Details

Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-2317

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