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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and sensitivity of different cleanliness verification tests for post soldered printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) to provide an understanding of current industry practice for ionic contamination detection limits.

PCBAs were subjected to different flux residue cleaning dwell times and cleanliness levels were verified with resistivity of solvent extract, critical cleanliness control (C3) test, and ion chromatography analyses to provide results capable of differentiating different sensitivity levels for each test.

This study provides an understanding of current industry practice for ionic contamination detection using verification tests with different detection sensitivity levels. Some of the available cleanliness monitoring systems, particularly at critical areas of circuitry that are prone to product failure and residue entrapment, may have been overlooked.

Only Sn/Pb, clean type flux residue was evaluated. Thus, the current study was not an all encompassing project that is representative of other chemistry‐based flux residues.

The paper provides a reference that can be used to determine the most suitable and effective verification test for the detection of ionic contamination on PCBAs.

Flux residue‐related problems have long existed in the industry. The findings presented in this paper give a basic understanding to PCBA manufacturers when they are trying to choose the most suitable and effective verification test for the detection of ionic contamination on their products. Hence, the negative impact of flux residue on the respective product's long‐term reliability and performance can be minimized and monitored effectively.

Pleasantly sited on the Inner Harbour, the Hyatt Regency Hotel was the venue for this year's conference. Baltimore was essentially an industrial city until some twenty or thirty years ago. The Inner Harbour area housed warehouses, power stations and such like and could have been described as all that was unpleasant that this description could evoke. By a bootlace‐pulling‐up‐exercise, the city fathers decided that they would rehabilitate this district, and they have succeeded in the way that only the Americans know how to. The most remarkable addition to the skyline is a fantastic combination of art and functional architecture, the National Aquarium of Baltimore. To borrow the expression from the Michelin Guide, it is ‘worth a detour’, and a long one at that.

The “Village” model has become an emerging, community-based, social initiative to help older adults age in place. This study aims to examine neighborhood social cohesion (NSC), or social connectedness and quality of life, from the perspective of village members.

A mixed-method evaluation was used to examine two Florida villages, a master-planned village (FV1) and a diverse neighborhood village (FV2). Both are full members of the National Village to Village Network.

The quantitative and qualitative data provided complementary and deeper understanding. Quantitative findings showed that FV1 members scored higher at NSC, and qualitative findings further confirmed that village program social activities were critical to building connections, especially for those who have lost loved ones and were single.

Findings should be interpreted considering the predominantly white racial makeup and affluence of village participants.

Findings point to the importance of NSC as older adults age and suggest that programs should prioritize activities that strengthen social connectiveness.

This is one of the first mixed-methods evaluations examining NSC and quality of life among village participants.