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In the construction of charging piles, traditional gas stations possess significant advantages in terms of regional and financial resources. The transformation of gas stations into “refueling+charging” integrated gas stations relies on charging pile manufacturers and government, involving coordination issues with them. This paper aims to propose a joint coordination contract based on the principles of cost-sharing and revenue-sharing. The objective is to achieve systemic coordination among integrated gas stations, charging pile manufacturers, and the government, optimizing the planning of the quantity of charging piles and charging prices.

We have constructed an operational system model based on the Stackelberg game between charging pile manufacturers, integrated gas stations, and government. We have analyzed the optimal quantity of charging piles and charging prices under the impact of government subsidy policies in both decentralized and centralized operation scenarios. Additionally, we have proposed a joint coordination contract based on cost-sharing and revenue-sharing to coordinate this tripartite operational system.

The study reveals that, under simple cooperative contracts, the optimal decision does not yield maximum profits for the operational system due to the “double-marginal effect”. However, under the impact of the joint coordination contract, which combines cost-sharing and revenue-sharing as proposed in this paper, gas stations will consider the charging pile manufacturer’s costs and government subsidies when determining the optimal quantity and price. This not only achieves system coordination but also results in Pareto improvement in the benefits of all system members by adjusting contract parameters.

The value of this research lies in its insights into operational strategies for the construction of charging piles for electric vehicles. By analyzing optimal decisions under different contract arrangements, the study provides guidance to relevant stakeholders, enabling the operational system to achieve greater efficiency and coordination and realize more extensive Pareto improvements. Furthermore, it extends the application of coordination contract theory in the context of charging pile construction and operations.

Sharing project information is critical for the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns. However, few users share medical crowdfunding projects on their social networks, and the sharing behavior of medical crowdfunding projects on social networking sites has not been well studied. Therefore, this study explored the factors and potential mechanisms influencing users’ sharing behaviors on networking sites.

A research model was developed based on the attribution-affect model of helping and social capital theory. Data were collected using a longitudinal survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the collected data. We conducted post hoc analyses to validate the results of the quantitative analysis.

The analysis results verified the effects of perceived external attribution, perceived uncontrollable attributions, and perceived unstable attributions on sympathy and identified the effect of sympathy and social characteristics of medical crowdfunding users on sharing behavior.

This research provides a comprehensive theoretical understanding of users’ sharing behavior characteristics and provides implications for enhancing the efficiency of medical crowdfunding activities.

This article aims to explore the factors influencing patients' distrust toward doctors in online health community.

This study leveraged the distrust construct model and socio-technical systems theory to establish a research model. The authors used the survey method to validate the research model by developing and distributing questionnaires to online health community users. 518 valid responses were collected.

The data analysis results showed that patients' distrusting beliefs were significantly related to their distrust toward doctors in online health communities. Meanwhile, social factors included perceived egoism and lack of expertise; whereas technical factors included no structural assurance, and lack of third-party recognition.

This study not only provides a solid and comprehensive theoretical understanding of patient distrust toward doctors in online health communities but also could serve as the basis to relieve the distrust between patients and doctors in online health communities, or even in the offline environment.

This study aims to deliver a new perspective on how the interaction of independent and cooperative innovation affects firm digitization. Based on resource constraint theory, this study argues that the aforementioned interaction negatively affects firm digitization. The moderating role of managerial discretion is also discussed in light of the principles of the awareness-motivation-capability (AMC) framework.

The proposed hypotheses are empirically tested using a negative binomial modeling approach. The data used are from A-share listed companies in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2006 to 2020.

This study suggests that the interaction of independent innovation and cooperative innovation negatively impacts digitization. In addition, this study argues that environmental discretion and organizational discretion weaken the negative impact of the mentioned interaction on digitization. However, additional discretion in the Chinese context has no effect on above relationships.

This study explores the impact of the interaction of independent and cooperative innovation on digitization and incorporates managerial discretion into this framework based on the AMC framework.

Innovation quality is a critical component of enterprise innovation. Prior research primarily focuses on company-level and external policy-level factors that affect innovation quality, while ignoring social-level factors. Based on institutional isomorphism theory, this study examines how the innovation quality of three-dimensional institutional equivalence, which is an important and unique reference group for firms to follow the “law of imitation of close preference”, affects the likelihood of firms' innovation quality.

This study conducts firm random effects and industry/year fixed effects models using China's listed companies from 2002 to 2021.

This study finds that compared with the innovation quality of its other industry, community, or network peers, the innovation quality of three-dimensional institutional equivalence has a greater impact on firm innovation quality. Furthermore, technological intensity significantly increases the effect of three-dimensional institutional equivalence on focal company innovation quality, while financing constraints significantly attenuate this effect. Additionally, when there is no institutional equivalent, the innovation quality of network, industry, and community peers has significant positive effects on enterprise innovation quality. Heterogeneity analysis also indicates that, under the conditions of non-state-owned enterprises, a low regional legal environment, or low regional factor market development, three-dimensional institutional equivalence contributes significantly to firm innovation quality.

This study focuses on the effect of three-dimensional institutional equivalence on Chinese enterprises' innovation quality. Nonetheless, research samples from other countries are not considered in this study.

This study explores the impact of three-dimensional institutional equivalence on firm innovation quality within a systematic theoretical framework and incorporates firm attributes into this framework.

The purpose of this work is to provide theoretical guidance and experimental analysis for optimized cathodic protection (CP) design of low alloy steel in deep water environments.

In the present study, the CP criteria of 10Ni5CrMoV low alloy steel were investigated in a simulated deep water environment (350 m) regarding the theoretical protection potential and measured protection potential. The influences of hydrostatic pressure (HP) and temperature were also discussed in detail. The theoretical protection potential was analyzed with the Nernst equation, and the measured minimum protection potential was derived by extrapolating the Tafel portion of anodic polarization curves.

The results indicate that the minimum protection potential of low alloy steel shifts to a positive value in a deep-ocean environment. This can be attributed to the combined effects of HP and the temperature. Moreover, the temperature has a stronger influence compared with HP. The results suggest that the CP potential criteria used in shallow water are still applicable in the deep ocean, which is further confirmed through the SEM and x-ray diffraction analysis of the corrosion products resulted from the potentiostatic cathodic polarization experiments at −0.85 V_CSE.

In recent decades, successful applications of CP for long-term corrosion protection of the steel components applied at a subsea level have enabled the offshore industry to develop reliable and optimized CP systems for shallow water. However, differences in the seawater environment at greater depths have raised concerns regarding the applicability of the existing CP design for deeper water environments. Hence, this research focuses on the CP criteria of low alloy steel in simulated deep water environment concerning the theoretical protection potential and measured protection potential. The influences of HP and temperature were also discussed.

This study aims to design a small-size conformable flexible micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) vector hydrophone to meet the miniaturization requirements of unmanned underwater vehicle.

The cilia receive the acoustic signal to oscillate to cause changes in the stress on the beam, which in turn causes changes in the piezoresistive resistance on the beam, and changes in the resistance cause changes in the output voltage.

The results show that the flexible hydrophone in the paper has a sensitivity of −182 dB@1 kHz (re 1V/µPa) at 1 Pa sound pressure, can detect low-frequency hydroacoustic signals from 20 to 550 Hz and has good spatial directivity, and the flexible substrate permits the hydrophone to realize bending deformation, which can be well attached to the surface of the object.

In this study, a finite element simulation model of the hydrophone microstructure is constructed and its performance is verified by simulation. The success rate of the proposed MEMS transfer process is as high as 94%, and the prepared piezoresistors exhibit excellent resistance characteristics and high consistency. These results provide innovative ideas to enhance the performance and stability and achieve miniaturization of hydrophones.

As the complexity and uncertainty of infrastructural megaprojects challenge traditional management models, there is an increasing focus on value co-creation as an organizational strategy to streamline management. However, the role of value co-creation behavior in facilitating the value realization process remains underexplored. This study examines how justice perception (distributive, procedural and interactional justice) improves contractor value co-creation behavior, focusing on the mediating role of psychological ownership.

Ten hypotheses in the proposed research model were tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling using 199 valid questionnaires from China.

The results show that contractor value co-creation behavior is directly and positively influenced by procedural, distributive and interactional justice and indirectly influenced by them through the underlying psychological mechanism of psychological ownership.

The findings fill a knowledge gap by examining the effect of justice perception on contractor value co-creation behavior based on social exchange theory. Discovering justice perception will contribute to contractor value co-creation behavior, and psychological ownership mediates this relationship.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different bullet screen types (functional vs social) on the continuous watching intention of consumers, as well as the influence mechanism. In addition, this study analyses the moderating role of consumer motivational orientation on the above effects.

First, objective data were obtained through the crawler to test the proposed hypotheses. An objective data analysis (417 group sample) was conducted to analyse the relationship between the percentage of social bullet screens and consumers sustained growth ratio to indirectly test the primary effect. Second, a questionnaire survey was conducted to test (176 questionnaires) the mediating role of perceived social crowding. Finally, a simulated online contextual experiment (340 participants) is conducted to explore the moderating role of consumer motivational orientation.

First, functional bullet screens produce higher continuous watching intention and lower perceived social crowding than social bullet screens. Second, perceived social crowding mediates the relationship between bullet screen type and continuous watching intention. Third, consumers' motivational orientation type (task-motivated vs recreation-motivated) moderates the relationship among bullet screen type, perceived social crowding and continuous watching intention.

The results of this study shed light on the differential impact of different types of bullet screens (functional and social) on consumers' continuous watching intentions, which makes up for the lack of research on the content of bullet screens in the field of livestreaming. Meanwhile, compared with the previous positive psychological research perspective, this study explores the intermediate mechanism of bullet screen type on consumers' continuous watching intention through a negative psychological perspective, which helps e-commerce companies and streamers better understand the differential impact of different bullet screens. Finally, this study explores the joint influence effect of bullet screen and consumer motivation type, which fills the theoretical research gap of consumer motivation orientation type in the category of live-streaming.

According to relational contract theory, relational governance has potential to improve public-private partnership (PPP) infrastructure project sustainability. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the association between relational governance and the sustainability of PPP infrastructure projects. Further, this study examines the mediating effect of managerial innovation and the moderating role of public involvement.

Research data were collected from 158 valid questionnaires completed by Chinese PPP professionals. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was then employed to test five hypotheses.

Results indicate a positive correlation between relational governance and PPP infrastructure project sustainability. This linkage is regulated by public involvement. In addition, managerial innovation plays a mediating role between relational governance and the sustainability of PPP infrastructure projects.

This study verifies the relationship between relational governance and PPP infrastructure project sustainability, as well as intermediary and regulatory factors, providing a new approach to achieving sustainability in PPP infrastructure projects.