Bocong Yuan, Zhaoguo Wang and Jiannan Li
The West Africa coastal area faced with the serious health challenge is the most underdeveloped place. Through making the visualized spatial analysis of this area, this study aims…
Abstract
Purpose
The West Africa coastal area faced with the serious health challenge is the most underdeveloped place. Through making the visualized spatial analysis of this area, this study aims to identify which factor of social vulnerability predominantly affects infant mortality.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the spatial data available from NASA-affiliated institution and a geographic information system for analysis.
Findings
This study reveals that the Poverty and Adaptive Capacity Index, as economic aspect of social vulnerability, is spatially correlated with the infant mortality rate, whereas the Population Exposure Index, as population aspect of social vulnerability, does not. Thus, the economic rather than population factor is probably the driving force of high infant mortality.
Originality/value
This study clarifies the determinant of infant mortality in the West Africa coastal area in space dimension.
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Xi Chen, Youheng Fu, Fanrong Kong, Runsheng Li, Yu Xiao, Jiannan Hu and Haiou Zhang
The major problem that limits the widespread use of WAAM technology is the forming quality. However, most of the current research focuses on post-process detections that are…
Abstract
Purpose
The major problem that limits the widespread use of WAAM technology is the forming quality. However, most of the current research focuses on post-process detections that are time-consuming, expensive and destructive. This paper aims to achieve the on-line detection and classification of the common defects, including hump, deposition collapse, deviation, internal pore and surface slag inclusion.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion nondestructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process. A thermal imager is used to collect the temperature data of the deposition layer in real-time. Efficient processing methods are proposed in this paper, such as the temperature stack algorithm, width extraction algorithm and a classification model based on a residual neural network. Some features closely related to the forming quality were extracted, containing the profile image and width curve of the deposition layer and abnormal temperature features in longitudinal and cross-sections. These features are used to achieve the detection and classification of defects.
Findings
Thermal non-destructive testing is a potentially superior technology for in-process detection in the industrial field. Based on the temperature field, extracting the most relevant features of the defect information is crucial. This paper pushes current infrared (IR) monitoring methods toward real-time detection and proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion non-destructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process.
Originality/value
In this paper, the single-layer and multi-layer WAAM samples are preset with various defects, such as hump, deposition collapse, deviation, pore and slag inclusion. A multi-feature nondestructive testing methodology is proposed to realize the in-process detection and classification of the defects. A temperature stack algorithm is proposed, which improves the detection accuracy of profile change and solves the problem of uneven temperature from arc striking to arc extinguishing. The combination of residual neural network greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of detection.
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Shenglong Chen, Jiannan Cai, Karina Bogatyreva and Ewuradjoa Quansah
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increasingly implement digitalization in uncertain business environments. However, a dearth exists in the entrepreneurship literature…
Abstract
Purpose
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increasingly implement digitalization in uncertain business environments. However, a dearth exists in the entrepreneurship literature for understanding the decision-making logic of digitalization as a management issue. Drawing on the effectuation theory, this study aims to explore the relationships between effectuation dimensions and SMEs’ digitalization.
Design/methodology/approach
Using quantitative data collected from 345 Chinese SMEs through questionnaires, the authors conducted the principal component analysis and hierarchical linear regression analysis.
Findings
The results highlight significant positive relationships between the four effectuation elements – experimentation, affordable loss, flexibility and precommitment – and SMEs’ digitalization. Moreover, this research considers the environmental conditions as moderators and reveals that environmental dynamism and complexity associated with high uncertainty negatively moderate the effects of effectuation on SMEs’ digitalization.
Practical implications
SMEs embarking on digitalization should constantly experiment to determine optimal strategies while contemplating their affordable losses. Flexibility should also be maintained to discard unproductive tactics and redirect to other viable options. Additionally, precommitments can reduce the risk that SMEs encounter in digitalization process. While the effectuation principles consolidate the likelihood of a successful digitalization, this research recommends that entrepreneurs should carefully consider their possible application in uncertain environments.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by theoretically clarifying the decision-making mechanism of digitalization and extends the application of effectuation to this context by illuminating the influences of effectuation principles on SMEs’ digital transformation. The identification of negative moderating effects of environmental uncertainty also augments an academic criticism about uncertainty creating the conditions for effectuation.
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Junbang Lan, Yuanyuan Gong and Bocong Yuan
Public health practitioners face citizenship pressure when requested to engage in more extra-roles behaviors during the pandemic. The purpose of the study is to reveal the…
Abstract
Purpose
Public health practitioners face citizenship pressure when requested to engage in more extra-roles behaviors during the pandemic. The purpose of the study is to reveal the potential influence mechanism of citizenship pressure on the health and work outcomes of practitioners.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors completed a three-wave survey from a public healthcare organization during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) delta-variant epidemic.
Findings
Results of polynomial regression and response surface showed that increased (versus decreased) and consistently high (versus low) level of citizenship pressure induced citizenship fatigue, which in turn increases negative affect/turnover intention. These negative effects of citizenship pressure are weaker among practitioners with a higher level of future focus.
Practical implications
Providing counseling service to health care practitioners in adopting a future time perspective of citizenship behaviors is important for public health organizations.
Originality/value
This study is among the earliest attempts to reveal the potential dark side of excessive request of conducting organization citizenship behavior which is more commonly seen within public health organizations in the context of pandemic.
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Jiannan Wu, Yuqian Yang and Liang Ma
This chapter looks into China's experiences with embracing new steering instruments to promote social stability, with particular reference to the protection of households involved…
Abstract
This chapter looks into China's experiences with embracing new steering instruments to promote social stability, with particular reference to the protection of households involved in city regeneration projects. During the closing years of the twentieth century, China experienced a fundamental transition, from a planned mode of urban regeneration to a new pattern that emphasised the involvement of the market. Under the planned regime, households affected by regeneration projects were provided with new apartments and temporary housing, all financed by the local government. Economic incentives were rarely employed to encourage households to resettle, as resettlement was seen as a civil obligation. The new approach, featuring marketisation, however, requires the affected households to pay for their new houses using monetary compensation and subsidies from the local governments. The local governments are strongly motivated to save such costs and thus provide limited compensation, and consequently complaints from the affected households have continued to grow (Peerenboom & He, 2009).
China has, apparently, more trade union members than the rest of the world put together, but the unions are subservient to the Party-state. The theme of the paper is the gap…
Abstract
China has, apparently, more trade union members than the rest of the world put together, but the unions are subservient to the Party-state. The theme of the paper is the gap between rhetoric and reality. Issues analysed include union structure, membership, representation, and the interaction between unions and the Party-state. We suggest that Chinese unions inhabit an Alice in Wonderland dream world and that they are virtually impotent when it comes to representing workers. Because the Party-state recognises that such frailty may lead to instability it has passed new laws promoting collective contracts and established new tripartite institutions to mediate and arbitrate disputes. While such laws are welcome they are largely hollow: collective contracts are very different from collective bargaining and the incidence of cases dealt with by the tripartite institutions is tiny. Much supporting evidence is presented drawing on detailed case studies undertaken in Hainan Province (the largest and one of the oldest special economic zones) in 2004 and 2005. The need for more effective representation is appreciated by some All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) officials, but it seems a long way off, so unions in China will continue to echo the White Queen: “The rule is, jam tomorrow and jam yesterday – but never jam today” and, alas, tomorrow never comes.
Guoping Huang, Yalin Zhang, Shakeh Momartin, Xuanyin Huang and Lan Zhao
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between child sexual abuse (CSA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in female inmates in China. A total of 471…
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between child sexual abuse (CSA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in female inmates in China. A total of 471 participants were assessed for CSA, personality traits, coping strategies, and frequency of lifetime PTSD. Results demonstrated that CSA and negative coping were predictive factors for lifetime PTSD among female inmates after personality traits were controlled. The findings suggest that CSA is one potential factor contributing to lifetime PTSD among female inmates. The importance of screening for CSA among female inmates was highly emphasized. Early intervention and prevention programmes based on coping skills may be useful to forestall the development of chronic PTSD in female inmates.