Anoop Vasu, Jerry Chung, Cory Padfield and Ravi Desai
The brake reaction test performed on a rear axle assembly revealed that the brake flange weld could not sustain the load needed to pass the minimum requirement of the test…
Abstract
Purpose
The brake reaction test performed on a rear axle assembly revealed that the brake flange weld could not sustain the load needed to pass the minimum requirement of the test. Evaluation of the failure mode indicated that the fracture of the weld originated at the root of the weld and cracked through the fusion zone of the weld instead of cracking through base material (toe failure). The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
A computational methodology is presented to quantify the critical parameters to prevent throat failure. The torsion dominated loading created high in-plane shear stress on the weld which can contribute significantly to the premature failure.
Findings
The failure through the fusion zone, often termed as weld throat/root failure, was not accounted for during the design phase by numerical simulation which led to the wrong conclusion that the design will pass the test requirement. Although weld sizing and weld penetration depth can explain such unexpected failure modes, fatigue life of this particular failure was still over-predicted using the Master SN curve formulation of structural stress approach which is well established for Mode I type of failure. Accounting for the shear component in the structural stress approach led to good correlation with the test specimen. Weld throat depth is a significant parameter contributing to throat failure.
Practical implications
The failure of the weld joining the brake flange and the tube of an axle is a high severity failure mode which can result in loss of vehicle control and injury or death and hence the failure should be prevented at any cost.
Originality/value
Most of the previous work of welded components relates to Mode I loading. There is very few research performed to discuss the Mode III loading and failure. This research illustrates the importance of considering the throat failure mode and quantifies the weld parameters to prevent such failures in design applications.
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Mary Isabelle Young, Lucy Joe, Jennifer Lamoureux, Laura Marshall, Sister Dorothy Moore, Jerri-Lynn Orr, Brenda Mary Parisian, Khea Paul, Florence Paynter and Janice Huber
We began this chapter with storied experiences of relationships with children and youth and of questions around tensions they can experience as they make home, familial…
Abstract
We began this chapter with storied experiences of relationships with children and youth and of questions around tensions they can experience as they make home, familial, community, and school transitions. These questions included: Why do we do it this way? Who decides? Can’t I think about what's best for my child? For Aboriginal children? As Khea, Jennifer, and Brenda Mary storied the experiences noted earlier, and as we collectively inquired into their stories, attentive to the intergenerational narrative reverberations of colonization made visible, it was their attentiveness to the particular life of a youth, Robbie; of a child, Rachel; and of a grandchild that we were first drawn. Their deep yearnings for something different in schools also turned our attention toward the counterstories to live by which they were composing. Across Khea's, Jennifer's, and Brenda Mary's earlier storied experiences the counterstories to live by around which they were threading new possible intergenerational narrative reverberations were focused on understanding children and youth as composing lives shaped by multiple contexts, that is, lives shaped through multiple relationships in places in and outside of school. This need for understanding the multiple places and relationships shaping the lives of children and youth as they enter into schools is, as shown in the earlier noted stories, vital in Aboriginal families and communities given the ways in which the narrative of colonization continues to reverberate in present lives.
Jerry C.T. Su, Hsien‐I You and Jing‐Xain Lai
High‐speed gas‐lubricated porous journal bearings up to 200,000 rpm are analyzed numerically. The effects of rotation speed, bearing eccentricity, permeability and thickness of…
Abstract
High‐speed gas‐lubricated porous journal bearings up to 200,000 rpm are analyzed numerically. The effects of rotation speed, bearing eccentricity, permeability and thickness of the porous wall on bearing load capacity and attitude angle are investigated. The adequate initial conditions are necessary to improve the convergence of the numerical solutions for high rotation speeds. The results show that the hydrodynamic effect of high rotation speed is not as significant in gas‐lubricated film as the effect of bearing eccentricity to increase the load capacity. The results also show that the lower permeability and the thicker wall of the porous bearing produce the higher load capacity.
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Chen Zheng (Jerry) and Henry Tsai
This study aims to empirically examine the relationship between industrial diversification and firm performance and the moderating effects exerted on that relationship by board…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to empirically examine the relationship between industrial diversification and firm performance and the moderating effects exerted on that relationship by board size and family representation on the board.
Design/methodology/approach
Secondary financial data were collected for hotel firms listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange during the period 2005-2016. Subsequently, a bivariate correlation and a fixed-effects panel regression analysis were performed on the data.
Findings
The empirical results showed that diversification positively influenced firm performance until firms reached an optimal level of diversification (0.34); beyond that level, the effect was negative. In addition, firms with a larger board tended to show better performance when the level of diversification increased from medium to high, and firms with lower family representation on the board tended to exhibit better performance when the level of diversification increased from low to medium.
Practical implications
Theoretical and managerial implications are suggested in terms of balancing the size of a firm’s board and with regard to family representation on a board from the perspectives of resource dependence theory (RDT) and socioemotional wealth (SEW), the diversification of hotel firms and future research.
Originality/value
A limited number of studies have considered diversification as a corporate-level strategy in the hospitality field and in the unique context in which a service-oriented economy is dominant, such as in Hong Kong. The role of board composition on the diversification–performance relation has rarely been investigated theoretically and empirically. Apart from providing managerial implications for corporate governance, this study also offers theoretical generalizability, from the perspectives of RDT and SEW, to examine the moderating roles of board size and family representation on the diversification–firm performance relation.
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Mary Isabelle Young, Lucy Joe, Jennifer Lamoureux, Laura Marshall, Sister Dorothy Moore, Jerri-Lynn Orr, Brenda Mary Parisian, Khea Paul, Florence Paynter and Janice Huber
In a paper shared at the 2004 Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE), Marie Battiste urged Canadian academics and policy makers to become part of a transformative…
Abstract
In a paper shared at the 2004 Canadian Society for the Study of Education (CSSE), Marie Battiste urged Canadian academics and policy makers to become part of a transformative process of reconstructing Canada's colonial education system which she describes as shaping “Indigenous peoples’ trauma and disconnection with many aspects of education and themselves” (p. 2). Battiste calls for the repositioning of Indigenous knowledges in post-secondary institutions, a process through which institutional structures and practices, curriculum foundations, and traditions are substantially changed and, in particular, that these are changed in ways that value and engage the capacities of Aboriginal students. Battiste's argument is significant for both Aboriginal post-secondary students and for their communities.
Cindy M.Y. Chung and Qianyi Tsai
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of tie strength on word‐of‐mouth (WOM) amount and how regulatory focus moderates these effects.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of tie strength on word‐of‐mouth (WOM) amount and how regulatory focus moderates these effects.
Design/methodology/approach
Two studies were conducted with undergraduates of a top Asian university with sample sizes of 106 and 100 using experimental setups.
Findings
Replicating findings from existing research, a greater amount of WOM was shared between strong ties compared to weak ties. However, the main finding was that this tie strength effect only held for a prevention‐focused WOM giver but not for a promotion‐focused WOM giver. The latter was found instead giving a similar amount of WOM to strong and weak ties.
Research limitations/implications
The two experiments required subjects to write out their WOM. This may be a limitation since WOM is usually spoken instead of written. Future research can compare spoken and written WOM to evaluate the robustness of the current findings.
Practical implications
Findings from this paper can help companies solicit more WOM through priming the appropriate regulatory focus when consumers communicate with others that are of different social ties.
Originality/value
The current paper contributes to existing WOM literature by investigating the moderating effect of regulatory focus on the relationship between tie strength and WOM amount.
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The librarian and researcher have to be able to uncover specific articles in their areas of interest. This Bibliography is designed to help. Volume IV, like Volume III, contains…
Abstract
The librarian and researcher have to be able to uncover specific articles in their areas of interest. This Bibliography is designed to help. Volume IV, like Volume III, contains features to help the reader to retrieve relevant literature from MCB University Press' considerable output. Each entry within has been indexed according to author(s) and the Fifth Edition of the SCIMP/SCAMP Thesaurus. The latter thus provides a full subject index to facilitate rapid retrieval. Each article or book is assigned its own unique number and this is used in both the subject and author index. This Volume indexes 29 journals indicating the depth, coverage and expansion of MCB's portfolio.
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Jerry M. Newman, Michael P. Lillis, Melissa L. Waite and Linda A. Krefting
In many colleges and universities, publication is a key factor in evaluating the academic productivity of faculty. Moreover, the pressure to publish may drive scholars to identify…
Abstract
In many colleges and universities, publication is a key factor in evaluating the academic productivity of faculty. Moreover, the pressure to publish may drive scholars to identify research questions that are believed to have a greater probability of being published rather than being driven by their interests in an important research question that will advance the field. A critical question then, is to what extent publication outlets reinforce a pattern of publications that are well-suited to the research enterprise − encouraging contributions that extend the frontiers of what is already known. Analysis of both accepted and rejected empirical manuscripts from two leading journals in organization science reveal that novel research is less likely to be published, but more likely to be cited. Results are used as a basis for making inferences about the publication process and for commentary related to the advancement of organization science as a field of study.
Jerry Sun and Guoping Liu
The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction effect of auditor industry specialization and board governance on earnings management. This study examines whether…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction effect of auditor industry specialization and board governance on earnings management. This study examines whether board independence is more or less effective in constraining earnings management for firms audited by industry specialists than for firms audited by non‐specialists.
Design/methodology/approach
The US data were collected from the RiskMetrics Directors database and the Compustat database. Regression analysis was used to test the research proposition.
Findings
It was found that earnings management is more negatively associated with board independence for firms audited by industry specialists than for firms audited by non‐specialists, consistent with the notion that there is a complementary relationship between auditor industry specialization and board governance. The findings suggest a positive interaction effect of auditor industry specialization and board governance on accounting quality.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by documenting explicit evidence that high quality boards can be more effective through hiring industry specialist auditors. This study also suggests that it may be worth investigating the interaction effect among different corporate governance mechanisms on accounting quality.