Jennifer H. Waddell, Bradley Poos and Loyce E. Caruthers
This paper reports the findings of a study examining the impact of one teacher preparation program on the current practices of its graduates and documents the ways the program…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper reports the findings of a study examining the impact of one teacher preparation program on the current practices of its graduates and documents the ways the program focused on equity and social justice in preparing educators who see themselves as agents for transforming schools. This paper aims to identify program elements that can be transformative in the preparation of antiracist teachers.
Design/methodology/approach
This study examined the stories of nine program alumni who shared preservice education experiences and reflections on current practices. Interview data, videotaped and transcribed verbatim, included the teachers’ reflections and perceptions of their preparation program and descriptions of current practices and areas to which they each attribute success as educators. Data were analyzed through inductive analysis.
Findings
Two thematic categories were identified: pedagogical experiences and foundational experiences. Pedagogical experiences were field experiences across multiple districts and schools, preparation for culturally relevant pedagogy and focus on building relationships with students and families. Foundational experiences included mindsets of examining self, conversations over time and truths about racism and inequity.
Practical implications
This study has clear implications for how programs prepare teachers for antiracism, social justice and educational equity. This paper should inform policy and practice in teacher education.
Originality/value
This study offers hope and guidance for teacher preparation programs and demonstrates that teacher education can and must be a leading contributor to an antiracist society.
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Abigail Gilman, Shauna C. Henley and Jennifer Quinlan
Foodborne illness from poultry may be associated with improper handling that results in cross contamination. Washing of raw poultry is one practice that can lead to cross…
Abstract
Purpose
Foodborne illness from poultry may be associated with improper handling that results in cross contamination. Washing of raw poultry is one practice that can lead to cross contamination. Some consumers continue to wash raw poultry after learning that not washing raw poultry is the safe behavior. There is a need to better understand why some consumers continue this practice and identify barriers to them adopting the correct behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
This research utilized qualitative, in-depth interviews to understand some consumer's barriers to adopting the behavior of not washing raw poultry. The interview questioning route was iteratively developed and designed to allow both structure and flexibility. Questions were anchored in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. Interviews (N = 23) were conducted over Zoom. Thematic analysis identified themes around consumers' resistance to adopting the correct behavior for handling raw poultry.
Findings
Results from the thematic analysis indicate that chicken preparation methods were primarily influenced by family. A desire to control the process of preparing food, lack of trust in chicken processing, and the habitual nature of the behavior all contributed to the continuation of washing raw poultry. Over half of the participants (61%) expressed interest in changing behaviors in the future. Needing supporting scientific evidence, and an alternative behavior to replace washing were two key factors to support the development of future public health messaging.
Originality/value
This study investigates the barriers to safe raw poultry handling utilizing in-depth interviews and contributes to the development of more effective public health messaging.
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Michael Aherne and José L. Pereira
The purpose of this paper is to use a descriptive case study to establish how collaboration, innovation and knowledge‐management strategies have scaled‐up learning and development…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to use a descriptive case study to establish how collaboration, innovation and knowledge‐management strategies have scaled‐up learning and development in rural, remote and other resource‐constrained Canadian delivery settings.
Design/methodology/approach
Intervention design was realized through a one‐time, collaborative, national capacity‐building project. A project portfolio of 72 sub‐projects, initiatives and strategic activities was used to improve access, enhance quality and create capacity for palliative and end‐of‐life care services. Evaluation was multifaceted, including participatory action research, variance analysis and impact analysis. This has been supplemented by post‐intervention critical reflection and integration of relevant literature.
Findings
The purposeful use of collaboration, innovation and knowledge‐management strategies have been successfully used to support a rapid scaling‐up of learning and development interventions. This has enabled enhanced and new pan‐Canadian health delivery capacity implemented at the local service delivery catchment‐level.
Research limitations/implications
The intervention is bounded by a Canada‐specific socio‐cultural/political context. Design variables and antecedent conditions may not be present and/or readily replicated in other nation‐state contexts. The findings suggest opportunities for future integrative and applied health services and policy research, including collaborative inquiry that weaves together concepts from adult learning, social science and industrial engineering.
Practical implications
Scaling‐up for new capacity is ideally approached as a holistic, multi‐faceted process which considers the total assets within delivery systems, service catchments and communities as potentially being engaged and deployed.
Originality/value
The Pallium Integrated Capacity‐building Initiative offers model elements useful to others seeking theory‐informed practices to rapidly and effectively scale‐up learning and development efforts.
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Jennifer Langworthy, Wendy Clow and Alan Breen
The purpose of this article is to investigate acceptability, dissemination and use of a multidisciplinary audit toolkit to monitor evidence‐based care for acute low back pain and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to investigate acceptability, dissemination and use of a multidisciplinary audit toolkit to monitor evidence‐based care for acute low back pain and to identify barriers to implementation of the RCGP evidence‐based LBP guideline and associated audit process.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey was carried out of 707 clinical governance leads (CGLs) and 336 clinical audit leads in English/Welsh Health Authorities, NHS Trusts, Primary Care Groups and Primary Care Trusts. Subsequently, structured telephone interviews with 50 CGLs and 22 CALs in 72 Primary Care Trusts were qualitatively analysed.
Findings
Substantive barriers specific to implementation of the RCGP LBP guideline and associated audit toolkit could not be identified. Issues were raised pertaining to the wider healthcare system, which itself may restrain implementation of evidence‐based health care for LBP sufferers. Qualitative analysis revealed six categories responsible for poor clinical governance. Results suggest that LBP is not a priority area and that without National Service Framework status this is unlikely to change.
Research limitations/implications
Response to the initial survey was only 37 per cent; thus results may not be representative of all relevant UK NHS organisations. It coincided with a particularly busy period of change and ongoing reform, making it difficult to reach relevant personnel. This problem was accentuated by frequent change of persons in the post of clinical governance lead. All of this may have impacted on the response rate. In addition, some organisations/individuals were reluctant to be identified for the purpose of this study.
Originality/value
This study identifies the practical difficulties of delivering the clinical governance agenda, particularly in non‐priority areas, as reported by those responsible for doing so.
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Maike Tietschert, Sophie Higgins, Alex Haynes, Raffaella Sadun and Sara J. Singer
Designing and developing safe systems has been a persistent challenge in health care, and in surgical settings in particular. In efforts to promote safety, safety culture, i.e.…
Abstract
Designing and developing safe systems has been a persistent challenge in health care, and in surgical settings in particular. In efforts to promote safety, safety culture, i.e., shared values regarding safety management, is considered a key driver of high-quality, safe healthcare delivery. However, changing organizational culture so that it emphasizes and promotes safety is often an elusive goal. The Safe Surgery Checklist is an innovative tool for improving safety culture and surgical care safety, but evidence about Safe Surgery Checklist effectiveness is mixed. We examined the relationship between changes in management practices and changes in perceived safety culture during implementation of safe surgery checklists. Using a pre-posttest design and survey methods, we evaluated Safe Surgery Checklist implementation in a national sample of 42 general acute care hospitals in a leading hospital network. We measured perceived management practices among managers (n = 99) using the World Management Survey. We measured perceived preoperative safety and safety culture among clinical operating room personnel (N = 2,380 (2016); N = 1,433 (2017)) using the Safe Surgical Practice Survey. We collected data in two consecutive years. Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between changes in management practices and overall safety culture and perceived teamwork following Safe Surgery Checklist implementation.
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Theodore S. Glickman, Jennifer Holm, Devlin Keating, Claudia Pannait and Susan C. White
The purpose of this paper is to provide an in‐depth examination of the outsourcing of food services on a university campus.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an in‐depth examination of the outsourcing of food services on a university campus.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses a detailed case study including interviews with university administrators, contractor administrators, and students and background information taken from student satisfaction surveys and local newspapers.
Findings
A new set of challenges has arisen – both for the university and the corporate partners providing the outsourced services. On the one hand, universities need to ensure the delivery of high‐quality services while operating under increasing fiscal pressures. And, on the other, corporate partners are dealing with unique issues at every different institution they serve, ranging from local competition to labor availability and serviceability and low margins, among others.
Research limitations/implications
This case study examines the events at one private university located in the mid‐Atlantic region in the USA. While many of the findings may be applicable in a variety of settings, it is not possible to draw direct inferences from a case study.
Practical implications
As outsourcing increases at universities, administrators need to consider the unique aspects of the local environment – with respect to labor availability and wage structure, the student population and their relationship with the contracted employees, the surrounding community and the interplay among the local residents, the contractor, and its employees – as they develop the contract and structure long‐term agreements.
Originality/value
Empirical studies have examined broad trends in outsourcing at universities; this research provides valuable insight into specifics – and the insights are instructive to administrators who are in charge of managing the outsourcing.
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Jean M. McQueen and Jennifer Turner
This paper aims to capture the views of forensic mental health service users; focusing on how services promote the aspiration to work, the development of skills for work, and the…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to capture the views of forensic mental health service users; focusing on how services promote the aspiration to work, the development of skills for work, and the vocational rehabilitation process. It seeks to provide insight into forensic mental health service users' views on the barriers and enablers to accessing work together with suggestions for enhancing practice, and implications for further research.
Design/methodology/approach
Ten participants from a range of forensic mental health services throughout Scotland took part in semi‐structured interviews. Participants were involved in either paid work, voluntary work or work preparation. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) allowed exploration of an individual's lived experiences and how they make sense of this.
Findings
Service users valued the opportunity to address vocational issues at the earliest opportunity in their rehabilitation. Work had an overwhelmingly positive impact on mental health. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed three master themes: “Normalising my life”: the positive impact of work; “Gradual steps”: facing barriers; and “Practical help and encouragement”: feeling supported. There is much to gain from good multidisciplinary rehabilitation within secure hospitals and the community, with work playing an important role in recovery and symptom control. Forensic services should focus on employment and the aspiration to work early, demonstrating awareness that attitude and the aspiration to work are a much more reliable indicator of success than diagnosis and mental health symptoms.
Originality/value
Few qualitative studies have investigated service users' views of work within forensic mental health, yet such information can be crucial to enhance and improve service delivery.
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Melissa Kavanaugh, Patricia A. Shewokis and Jennifer J. Quinlan
The purpose of this study was to create and validate a food safety survey for older adults.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to create and validate a food safety survey for older adults.
Design/methodology/approach
The survey was designed to measure food handling and consumption behaviors related to high-risk foods. Survey questions were also designed to capture behavioral constructs from the health belief model (HBM). The first administration of the survey was completed by 349 participants, 55 years of age and older. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess construct validity, and Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the subscales generated through factor analysis. Two weeks after the first administration, the survey was completed a second time by 149 participants from the original sample. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate test-retest reliability.
Findings
Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors related to the HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers and cues to action) and three factors related to food handling practices (handling of processed meats, food thermometer use with poultry and washing or rinsing poultry). Inclusion in a factor meant that the related questions measured the same underlying construct. Cronbach’s alpha for these factors ranged from 0.63 to 0.77. Modification of the survey following validation resulted in the development of a 44-question instrument that can be used with older adults.
Practical implications
This survey will next be administered to a representative sample of older adults to assess relationships between HBM constructs and food handling behaviors and is available for use by other researchers.
Originality/value
There are few validated tools that can be used with older adults to evaluate food safety risks.
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Jennifer Huh, Hye-Young Kim and Garim Lee
This study examines how the locus of agency of brands' artificial intelligence (AI)–powered voice assistants (VAs) could lead to brand loyalty through perceived control, flow and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study examines how the locus of agency of brands' artificial intelligence (AI)–powered voice assistants (VAs) could lead to brand loyalty through perceived control, flow and consumer happiness under the moderating influences of brand image and voice congruity.
Design/methodology/approach
This study conducted a 2 (locus of agency: high vs. low) by 2 (brand image-voice congruity: congruent vs. incongruent) between-subjects experimental design. MANOVA, ANOVA and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to test the hypothesized model.
Findings
ANOVA results revealed that human-centric (vs. machine-centric) agency led to higher perceived control. The interaction effect was significant, indicating the importance of congruency between brand image and VAs' voices. SEM results confirmed that perceived control predicted brand loyalty fully mediated by flow experience and consumer happiness.
Originality/value
This study provides evidence that the positive technology paradigm could carve out a new path in existing literature on AI-powered devices by showing the potential of a smart device as a tool for improving consumer–brand relationships and enriching consumers' well-being.