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The authors analyzed annuitization preferences when retired people extract cash from their homes. Based on 2,608 viager (home reversion) transactions, the authors study the relations between annuitization, negotiation, cash extraction, age, gender and marital status.

A database comprising 2,608 transactions is used. The three-stage least squares (3SLS) and moderation models are implemented, with a focus on potential adverse selection issues.

The authors found that difficulties in selling a property generally result in increased annuitization. The single men's group endures gender inequality, suffering from limitations in their possibility to extract wealth and annuitize, as well as an additional price discount during negotiation. Young single men, as compared to young single women and young couples, must consent to a substantial price reduction if they prefer a high down payment and limited price reductions if they prefer annuities. Elderly single men, as compared to young single men, have less capacity to negotiate, a concern that is reinforced when they prefer annuities.

Among the home equity conversion products, the academic real estate literature has intensely analyzed the reverse mortgage. The viager is distinct from a mortgage in that it consists of the true sale of a property without bank involvement. This product deserves reinforced attention in an aging continental Europe. It exists in numerous countries (France, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, etc.).

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the most important quantitative representations of electric and magnetic yoyo fields obtained on the basis of the general systemic yoyo model.

The traditional calculus‐based methods are employed in reference with the qualitative analysis and reasoning of spinning yoyo flows.

This paper presents an opportunity for us to see how theoretical and experimental results obtained in the conventional electromagnetic theory can be potentially generalized to the study of the general systemic yoyo model.

This paper looks at the well‐established laws of electromagnetic theory from the angle of systems studies with an eye on the possibility of first generalizing these laws to the situations of general systems, and second, the potential to employ these generalized laws to social science and humanity areas.

There are two main doctrines about the relation between war and national economy. The first considered that economy based on the market is a cause of war. The second one established that market and economic knowledge are essential for the realization of peace.