Javier Sosa, Daniel Alcaraz Real-Arce, Tomás Bautista, Juan A. Montiel-Nelson, S. Garcia-Alonso, José M. Monzón-Verona and Saeid Nooshabadi
In a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, one of the most time-consuming tasks is to identify and track the visible satellites. The paper aims to propose and examine in…
Abstract
Purpose
In a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, one of the most time-consuming tasks is to identify and track the visible satellites. The paper aims to propose and examine in detail new and shorter identification patterns or lite pseudo-codes – pseudo-random numbers (PRNs) – that allow GPS receivers to reduce dramatically the computational effort to identify and track GPS satellites. Obtaining lite pseudo-codes is a multi-objective optimization problem that the paper resolves using genetic algorithms (GAs).
Design/methodology/approach
The lite PRNs are obtained by using NSGA-II and omni-optimizer multi-objective optimization techniques.
Findings
The new PRNs obtained with the proposed single/multi-objective solutions are always better than previously presented when the highest detection peak (DP) is required for the GPS receiver.
Originality/value
Results demonstrate that the problem of “obtaining lite pseudo-codes” is a multi-objective optimization problem. In other words, the solutions obtained with the single-objective approach could belong to a local minimum. The multi-objective approach provides a better solution than the single-objective approach in a 37 percent of the satellites while in other cases the multi-objective approach reaches the same DPs with a similar noise.
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José Miguel Monzón-Verona, Santiago Garcia-Alonso, Javier Sosa and Juan A. Montiel-Nelson
The purpose of this paper is to explain in detail the optimization of the sensitivity versus the power consumption of a pressure microsensor using multi-objective genetic…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explain in detail the optimization of the sensitivity versus the power consumption of a pressure microsensor using multi-objective genetic algorithms.
Design/methodology/approach
The tradeoff between sensitivity and power consumption is analyzed and the Pareto frontier is identified by using NSGA-II, AMGA-II and ɛ-MOEA methods.
Findings
Comparison results demonstrate that NSGA-II provides optimal solutions over the entire design space for spread metric analysis, and AMGA-II is better for convergence metric analysis.
Originality/value
This paper provides a new multiobjective optimization tool for the designers of low power pressure microsensors.
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López Sol, Martín Sosa Valdez Juan, Aguirre Esteban, Javier Muñoz José and Suárez-Nuñez Carlos
Demand for goods/services has increased in Latin America due to urbanization, leading to a complex delivery system and increased logistical activities. In Quito, the Historic…
Abstract
Demand for goods/services has increased in Latin America due to urbanization, leading to a complex delivery system and increased logistical activities. In Quito, the Historic Center and La Mariscal are two zones that face logistical challenges. The objective of this chapter is to analyze the commercial logistic activities related to loading and unloading goods in these zones. To address this urban freight problem, this chapter proposes a solution through the calculation of the optimal number and location of loading and unloading bays in each zone based on actual commercial activity data. First, a delivery survey was completed in each zone regarding frequency and amount of deliveries. Then, based on the data obtained, an optimization model is proposed to determine the optimal number and location of loading and unloading bays. Finally, a simulation model of the delivery process is performed to readjust the bay’s optimal number. A total number of 75 and 98 bays were calculated to serve the total shopping district of a representative square kilometer (km2) of the Historic Center and La Mariscal. This solution aims to minimize the delivery time and the distance for deliveries, improve urban freight transportation, and reduce traffic. This study could be used as a baseline and guide for further research in urban logistics, especially in Latin America, where urban logistics is still under study. This chapter is part of a Research Project of Urban Logistics in Quito, led by Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), in association with the Megacity Logistics Lab of MIT.
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In response to the toll placed on river traffic using the Argentine section of the Paraguay-Parana waterway, known as the Hidrovia, the Paraguayan government has also withdrawn…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB282241
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Throughout centuries, Latin America has faced a paradox. On one hand, the abundance of resources has attracted immigrants who find a suitable place to undertake profitable…
Abstract
Throughout centuries, Latin America has faced a paradox. On one hand, the abundance of resources has attracted immigrants who find a suitable place to undertake profitable business ventures in the region. On the other hand, the limited entrepreneurial resources of most countries of the region have motivated the migration of talented people, among them entrepreneurs, to non-Latin American countries. This chapter explores this paradox through the analysis of entrepreneurs' motivations to immigrate to, and migrate from Latin America, the influence of their profile on their business ventures, as well as the role played by both the home and the host countries' institutional conditions. The findings of this analysis underline the diversity of migrant entrepreneurs in terms of personal resources and survival versus opportunity-driven migration decisions. They also reveal the kind of mechanisms migrant entrepreneurs use to counteract their host country's institutional challenges.
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Rebeca de Gortari and María Josefa Santos
The creation of small businesses in Mexico since 1990, largely the result of the diversification of activities in rural areas, is one of the most prominent strategies, both for…
Abstract
The creation of small businesses in Mexico since 1990, largely the result of the diversification of activities in rural areas, is one of the most prominent strategies, both for the improvement of the quality of place and life and for value of localized resources. Although the rural context imposes barriers, social capital and networks constitute an advantage for rural entrepreneurship, since shared values and norms such as the local context allow the articulation of economic, productive, social, and cultural resources for production and sale of significant goods for the region. The cases analyzed show the value of the collective dimension for the start of productive projects, which have contributed to reconverting and sometimes reconfiguring old resources such as land, ecosystems, landscape, animals, and crafts, in assets to start a business.
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Virginia Guadalupe López Torres, Luis Ramón Moreno Moreno and Mónica Lorena Sánchez Limón
The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the contribution made by migrants in the territory that hosts them, particularly when they transfer their knowledge to members of the…
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the contribution made by migrants in the territory that hosts them, particularly when they transfer their knowledge to members of the community. In the specific case of the sea urchin fishery, it is described how the Morishita family in Baja California undertakes the sea urchin value chain, from the location of population banks to the commercialization of the product in the Japanese market and, by therefore, the promotion of development in rural places while starting a culture of export and currency generation. An adventure of opportunities that has been successful for more than 50 years, whose origin is the sustainable use of “a plague” that today is a delicacy for many.
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The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the profile of public administration concerning its capacity to authoritatively assign values to a society, and in particular to the…
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the profile of public administration concerning its capacity to authoritatively assign values to a society, and in particular to the political system in Mexico. Many of the recent transformations in the Mexican public administration have occurred in a context in which a democratic opening of the political system has been the main trait of public life. This is the main light under which these changes in Mexico's federal public administration in recent years should be read.
The article explores the structural features of both the government and the federal public administration in Mexico. In particular, the transformation of the administrative apparatus not only in quantitative but also in qualitative terms is explained as a result of a change in the balance between the public and private sectors in recent decades, as well as the experience of the Professional Career Service and its impact on public officials in Mexico. We examine the links of the bureaucracy with political parties and civil society, as well as the political relationships within the public administration itself. We also describe accountability within the federal public administration. We explore recent reform and change processes in Mexico's administrative apparatus. Finally, some considerations are given to the opportunities and challenges facing the contemporary Mexican public administration as a result of having huge problems and at the same time partial solutions.
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The notion that the family have a profound effect on human behavior is indisputable and has been studied extensively, including business administration. However, these studies…
Abstract
The notion that the family have a profound effect on human behavior is indisputable and has been studied extensively, including business administration. However, these studies have focused on developed countries. So, it can be identifying a research gap related to understand these countries, especially from a contextual perspective, which is the one that has received less attention from the academy.
This paper presents a theoretical review of the contextual perspective of the study of family businesses that concludes with the proposal of a model that integrates the structural barriers to contextualize the analysis family businesses in emerging economies, especially in rural zones.
Three case studies of companies located in the Puuc biocultural region in Yucatan, México, are presented and discussed.
The cases presented are family businesses: “Vida Vida,” “La Vaquita,” and “Lool-Beek” in which similarities were found in the way they face the particularities of their environment and how the integration of family members responds to uncertainty due to the precarious legal framework and the scant economic development they face.
This paper proposes that the structural barriers faced by emerging countries should be integrated as a differentiated variable, especially those located in rural areas since there imply greater challenges than urban areas. Likewise, it highlights that the emotional connections of family businesses with their territory give them roots, and this contributes to the continuity of their businesses and empowers them to face challenges such as natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic.