David W. Rosen, Yong Chen, Shiva Sambu, Janet K. Allen and Farrokh Mistree
A new design‐for‐manufacturing method, called the geometric tailoring (GT), and the associated digital interface concept have been developed that enable the design activities to…
Abstract
A new design‐for‐manufacturing method, called the geometric tailoring (GT), and the associated digital interface concept have been developed that enable the design activities to be separated from the manufacturing activities. Conditions for the successful application of this method are investigated. The GT method is demonstrated for rapid prototyping and rapid tooling technologies, where prototype parts are required to match the production properties as closely as possible. This method is embodied in a system called the rapid tooling testbed (RTTB). Research work is presented on GT and the distributed computing environment underlying the RTTB. Examples are summarized from the usage of this method and testbed.
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Jess K. Alberts, Brian L. Heisterkamp and Robert M. McPhee
This study examines the impact of mediator style, mediation outcome, and mediator background variables on community mediation participant satisfaction and fairness perceptions…
Abstract
This study examines the impact of mediator style, mediation outcome, and mediator background variables on community mediation participant satisfaction and fairness perceptions along several dimensions. Our data were collected from a community mediation program located in a justice court in the Southwestern United States. During a twelve‐month period, 40 mediation sessions, each involving a single mediator, were videotaped. The 108 mediation participants completed surveys assessing their perceptions of and satisfaction with their specific mediation experiences. The findings indicate important impacts of mediator facilitativeness on all perceptions and of conflict resolution success on satisfaction. Mediator experience impacted perceptions of the mediator; mediator gender and law background had no impacts.
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Dirk Ifenthaler, Zahed Siddique and Farrokh Mistree
In this paper, the authors aim to explore how students learn how to learn in a team-based graduate course Designing for Open Innovation using a theoretical framework that focuses…
Abstract
Purpose
In this paper, the authors aim to explore how students learn how to learn in a team-based graduate course Designing for Open Innovation using a theoretical framework that focuses on the cognitive functions of team-based processes and team performance.
Design/methodology/approach
An automated assessment methodology for the structural and semantic analysis of individual and shared knowledge representations serves as a foundation for the approach. A case study is presented that explores the development of individual mental models and shared mental models over the course.
Findings
An assessment of the mental models indicates that in this course three types of learning took place, namely individual learning, team-based learning, and learning from each other.
Originality/value
The automatically generated graphical representations provide insight into the complex processes of the learning-dependent development of individual mental models and shared mental models.
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Ashley Colby and Emily Huddart Kennedy
Research has established a connection between industrially-produced food and negative health outcomes. Scholars have also shown a significant link between poor food environments…
Abstract
Purpose
Research has established a connection between industrially-produced food and negative health outcomes. Scholars have also shown a significant link between poor food environments and health. This paper explores the experiences of university extension program agents in order to initiate greater dialogue about the role of extension in lessening the deleterious health impacts of unequal access to high quality and sufficient quantity foods. Specifically, we consider the role of food self-provisioning instruction (e.g., food gardening, preservation).
Methodology/approach
The paper draws on semi-structured interviews with 20 university extension program officers in the state of Washington.
Findings
Although our participants report that demand for education in food production skills is on the rise across Washington, there are barriers to the equitable distribution of self-provisioning skills.
Practical implications
There is considerable promise for extension programs to have positive implications for health and nutrition for communities struggling to access quality foods. To meet this progress, extension must be more aware of serving the entire public either through hiring agents mirror their constituencies or funding a more diverse array of programming.
Originality/value
Little existing research examines or evaluates using university extension programs as a vehicle for teaching food self-production, though these topics have been taught since the founding of extension.
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Randolph T. Barker, Janet S. Knisely, Sandra B. Barker, Rachel K. Cobb and Christine M. Schubert
The purpose of this paper is to present a preliminary study of the effect of the presence at work of employees' dogs on stress and organizational perceptions.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a preliminary study of the effect of the presence at work of employees' dogs on stress and organizational perceptions.
Design/methodology/approach
A pre‐post between‐group design with repeated measures was used to compare differences between employees who bring their dogs to work (DOG group), employees who do not bring their dogs to work (NODOG group), and employees without pets (NOPET group) on physiological and perceived stress, perceptions of job satisfaction, organizational affective commitment, and perceived organizational support.
Findings
Combined groups scored significantly higher on multiple job satisfaction subscales than the reference norm group for these scales. No significant differences were found between the groups on physiological stress or perceived organizational support. Although perceived stress was similar at baseline; over the course of the day, stress declined for the DOG group with their dogs present and increased for the NODOG and NOPET groups. The NODOG group had significantly higher stress than the DOG group by the end of the day. A significant difference was found in the stress patterns for the DOG group on days their dogs were present and absent. On dog absent days, owners' stress increased throughout the day, mirroring the pattern of the NODOG group.
Originality/value
This paper provides the first quantitative exploratory study of the effects of pet dogs in the workplace setting on employee stress and perceptions of satisfaction, support and commitment.
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Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some…
Abstract
Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.
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Jenny Meslener and Kayla Gourlay
Recent research and scholarship explore and attempt to understand why certain modern library organizations and workplaces suffer from systemic dysfunction. There is evidence that…
Abstract
Recent research and scholarship explore and attempt to understand why certain modern library organizations and workplaces suffer from systemic dysfunction. There is evidence that a history of ineffectual library administration, poor leadership, and lack of communication creates an environment which breeds incivility and toxic behavior, including occurrences of mobbing, bullying, and harassment in certain library environments. Yet, it's been observed that despite these destructive behaviors and ensuing trauma, some library employees choose to remain employed in, and even increasingly committed to, these same dysfunctional workplaces. The application of organizational commitment models, such as Meyer and Allen's, as well as the findings of librarian turnover analysis account for the practical reasons why library employees remain in dysfunctional organizations; examples include fear of negative consequences associated with resignation or a sense of duty to one's patrons, organization, or profession. These models and studies, however, do not explain the paradox of increased employee commitment and loyalty to traumatic and dysfunctional library workplaces.
To understand this conflicting behavior, which has yet to be examined in library literature, the authors apply the concept of Corporate Stockholm Syndrome (CSS). CSS, a type of trauma bonding with origins in psychology and business, serves as a foundation to explain why library employees remain in workplaces in which they've experienced dysfunctional behavior and related trauma. Reviewing documented cases of library workplace incivility and trauma, the authors will apply the CSS framework as an explanation for the increased level of library employee commitment to dysfunctional workplaces.
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Power relations affect all aspects of our lives. MacGregor Burns states that “Power is ubiquitous; it permeates human relationships … Power shows many faces and takes many forms”…
Abstract
Power relations affect all aspects of our lives. MacGregor Burns states that “Power is ubiquitous; it permeates human relationships … Power shows many faces and takes many forms”. The purpose of this paper was to explore women principals’ experiences with power relations in the schools during times of increase in decentralization and accountability. The findings of this phenomenological study were that the six principals viewed power as an enabling, and a positive energy for change and growth in schools rather than a source of “top‐down” domination. Their descriptions of power also asserted that “power is not reducible to any one source”, and that an understanding of poststructuralist and structuralist theories of power will be essential for school leaders facing the dilemmas and challenges of the twenty‐first century.