Aron Szucs, Zlatko Kolondzovski, Jan Westerlund and Juha Vahala
The thermal management of electrical insulations poses a challenge in electrical devices as electrical insulators are also thermal insulators. Diamond is the best solid electrical…
Abstract
Purpose
The thermal management of electrical insulations poses a challenge in electrical devices as electrical insulators are also thermal insulators. Diamond is the best solid electrical insulator and thermal conductor. This can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. The paper introduces these techniques and discusses its effect for the design of electrical machines and its potential consequences for electromagnetic analysis, for example, in multi-physics modelling. The diamond winding insulation is patent-pending, but the diamond enriched lamination insulation is published for the benefit of the scientific community.
Design/methodology/approach
The windings of electrical machines are insulated to avoid contact between the coil and other conductive components, for example, the stator core. The principle of using mica tape and resin impregnation has not changed for a century and is well established to produce main insulation on a complex conductor shape and size. These insulations have poor heat-conducting properties. Similarly, the insulation of laminated steel sheets comprising the stator and rotor restrict heat flow. Diamond-based insulation provides a new path. Increased thermal conductivity means reduced temperature rise and the reduced thermal time constants in multi-physics simulations and system analysis.
Findings
The largest benefit of a diamond-based core insulation is in electrical machines in which the losses are conducted axially to the coolant. These are machines with radial ducts and effective cooling in the end regions. The main benefit will be in reducing the number of radial ducts that positively affect the size, production costs and the copper losses of the machine. The increased thermal conductivity of the diamond insulation system will reduce the thermal constants noticeably. These will affect system behavior and the corresponding simulation methods.
Originality/value
Diamond insulation can lead to a paradigm change for electrical machine winding and lamination insulation design and thermal management. It might also lead to new modeling requirements in system analysis.
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Albert A. Okunade, Xiaohui You and Kayhan Koleyni
The search for more effective policies, choice of optimal implementation strategies for achieving defined policy targets (e.g., cost-containment, improved access, and quality…
Abstract
The search for more effective policies, choice of optimal implementation strategies for achieving defined policy targets (e.g., cost-containment, improved access, and quality healthcare outcomes), and selection among the metrics relevant for assessing health system policy change performance simultaneously pose continuing healthcare sector challenges for many countries of the world. Meanwhile, research on the core drivers of healthcare costs across the health systems of the many countries continues to gain increased momentum as these countries learn among themselves. Consequently, cross-country comparison studies largely focus their interests on the relationship among health expenditures (HCE), GDP, aging demographics, and technology. Using more recent 1980–2014 annual data panel on 34 OECD countries and the panel ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) framework, this study investigates the long- and short-run relationships among aggregate healthcare expenditure, income (GDP per capita or per capita GDP_HCE), age dependency ratio, and “international co-operation patents” (for capturing the technology effects). Results from the panel ARDL approach and Granger causality tests suggest a long-run relationship among healthcare expenditure and the three major determinants. Findings from the Westerlund test with bootstrapping further corroborate the existence of a long-run relationship among healthcare expenditure and the three core determinants. Interestingly, GDP less health expenditure (GDP_HCE) is the only short-run driver of HCE. The income elasticity estimates, falling in the 1.16–1.46 range, suggest that the behavior of aggregate healthcare in the 34 OECD countries tends toward those for luxury goods. Finally, through cross-country technology spillover effects, these OECD countries benefit significantly from international investments through technology cooperations resulting in jointly owned patents.
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Bassam Samir AL-Romeedy and Shaymaa Abdul-Wahab El-Sisi
This study explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in fostering sustainable entrepreneurship within the tourism industry. The rapid growth of the tourism sector has…
Abstract
This study explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in fostering sustainable entrepreneurship within the tourism industry. The rapid growth of the tourism sector has raised concerns regarding its environmental impact, social equity and economic sustainability. Sustainable entrepreneurship offers a promising approach to address these challenges by integrating environmental, social and economic considerations into business practices. AI technologies, with their ability to process vast amounts of data, analyse patterns and make predictions, have the potential to support sustainable entrepreneurship initiatives in the tourism industry. By analysing the current literature, this study provides insights into the effective utilisation of AI to promote sustainable entrepreneurship in the tourism industry, while acknowledging the need for responsible and ethical AI implementation. The findings contribute to the understanding of how AI can be harnessed as a tool for driving sustainable practices and innovation in the tourism sector, ultimately leading to a more sustainable and responsible tourism industry.
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Abbas Ali Chandio, Uzma Bashir, Waqar Akram, Muhammad Usman, Munir Ahmad and Yuansheng Jiang
This article investigates the long-run impact of remittance inflows on agricultural productivity (AGP) in emerging Asian economies (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, India, Nepal…
Abstract
Purpose
This article investigates the long-run impact of remittance inflows on agricultural productivity (AGP) in emerging Asian economies (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, India, Nepal, Philippines, Pakistan, and Vietnam), employing a panel dataset from 2000 to 2018.
Design/methodology/approach
This study initially applies cross-sectional dependence (CSD), second-generation unit root, Pedroni, and Westerlund panel co-integration techniques. Next, it uses the augmented mean group (AMG) and common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) methods to investigate the long-term impact of remittance inflows on AGP while controlling for several other important determinants of agricultural growth, such as cultivated area, fertilizers, temperature change, credit, and labor force.
Findings
The empirical findings are as follows: The results first revealed the existence of CSD and long-term co-integration between AGP and its determinants. Second, remittance inflows significantly boosted AGP, indicating that remittance inflows played a crucial role in improving AGP. Third, global warming (changes in temperature) negatively impacts AGP. Finally, additional critical elements, for instance, cultivated area, fertilizers, credit, and labor force, positively affect AGP.
Research limitations/implications
This study suggests that policymakers of emerging Asian economies should develop an exclusive remittance-receiving system and introduce remittance investment products to utilize foreign funds and mitigate agricultural production risks effectively.
Originality/value
This is the first empirical examination of the long-term impact of remittance flows on agricultural output in emerging Asian economies. This study utilized robust estimation methods for panel data sets, such as the Pedroni, Westerlund, AMG, and CCEMG tests.
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This paper aims to set up a natural experiment as action research and to develop a framework of cognitive distance of informants to improve the initiation of service…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to set up a natural experiment as action research and to develop a framework of cognitive distance of informants to improve the initiation of service encounter-based innovation.
Design/methodology/approach
Natural experiment as action research in one Scandinavian case company is used. This paper includes a longitudinal study over 10 month’s duration.
Findings
An organisational support system and an improved front-office innovation climate were set up which generated a new system for information gleaning. A framework of cognitive distance was induced from transcriptions of interviews and transcriptions.
Research limitations/implications
Only one Scandinavian company and a limited number of informants were activated. Also, the time period only included the initiation phase of service encounter-based innovation.
Practical implications
Three different strategies are suggested to respond to different types of word-of-business.
Social implications
Cognitive distance is a generic concept which relates to all human interaction and communication. It can explain why it is so difficult to “get things across”.
Originality/value
This paper presents a new theory in an emerging innovation field, open/user-driven innovation. Theory from business marketing, service encounter and innovation is also used.
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Ryszard Sikora and Stanislaw Pawłowski
This paper aims to evaluate the possibilities of fractional calculus application in electrical circuits and magnetic field theories.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the possibilities of fractional calculus application in electrical circuits and magnetic field theories.
Design/methodology/approach
The analysis of mathematical notation is used for physical phenomena description. The analysis aims to challenge or prove the correctness of applied notation.
Findings
Fractional calculus is sometimes applied correctly and sometimes erroneously in electrical engineering.
Originality/value
This paper provides guidelines regarding correct application of fractional calculus in description of electrical circuits’ phenomena. It can also inspire researchers to find new applications for fractional calculus in the future.
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Pramukh Nanjundaswamy Vasist and Satish Krishnan
This study aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of how individuals engage with deepfakes, focusing on limiting adverse effects and capitalizing on…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of how individuals engage with deepfakes, focusing on limiting adverse effects and capitalizing on their benefits.
Design/methodology/approach
This study conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on deepfakes, incorporating study-specific analysis followed by a cross-study synthesis.
Findings
Based on the meta-synthesis, the study developed an integrated conceptual framework based on the perspectives from the social shaping of technology theory embedding deepfake-related assertions, motivations, the subtleties of digital platforms, and deepfake-related repercussions.
Research limitations/implications
The study offers crucial insights into the evolving nature of deepfakes as a socio-technical phenomenon and the significance of platform dynamics in deepfake production. It enables researchers to comprehend the cascading effects of deepfakes and positions them to evaluate deepfake-related risks and associated mitigation mechanisms.
Practical implications
The framework that emerges from the study illustrates the influence of platforms on the evolution of deepfakes and assists platform stakeholders in introducing effective platform governance structures to combat the relentless proliferation of deepfakes and their consequences, as well as providing guidance for governments and policymakers to collaborate with platform leaders to set guardrails for deepfake engagement.
Originality/value
Deepfakes have been extensively contested for both their beneficial and negative applications and have been accused of heralding an imminent epistemic threat that has been downplayed by some quarters. This diversity of viewpoints necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. In responding to this call, this is one of the first to establish a comprehensive, theoretically informed perspective on how individuals produce, process, and engage with deepfakes through a meta-synthesis of qualitative literature on deepfakes.
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Fevzi Ölmez, Emre Bilgiç and Esra Aydın
This research aims to investigate the role of the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in the outward FDI (OFDI) of the United Kingdom (UK) by considering the institutional quality…
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to investigate the role of the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in the outward FDI (OFDI) of the United Kingdom (UK) by considering the institutional quality (IQ) and globalization level of the host country as contextual factors.
Design/methodology/approach
The UK’s OFDI to its twenty partners is analyzed by using the factor augmented model for the 2005–2019 period.
Findings
The results show that the EPU of the host country has a negative and significant effect on the UK's OFDI. Furthermore, the findings surprisingly illustrate that the globalization level of the host country has a negative and significant impact on the UK's OFDI. In terms of IQ, this study indicates that, while government effectiveness and regulatory quality have a negative and significant influence on the UK's OFDI, the rule of law has a positive and significant effect on the UK's OFDI.
Originality/value
This will be one of a few studies considering OFDI in the scope of EPU. Also, the contradicting results of the study add unique perspectives to the literature about the relationship between OFDI, globalization, and IQ.