Search results

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it wants to elaborate on the relationship between tourist generating areas and destinations per se, the principal objective being to make us better grasp the consequences for a tourist destination inherent in its relative positioning within the geographic confines of the travel hierarchy at large. Second, having identified the various types of destinations (through this spatial hierarchal schema), we will look at a case study — the tourist frontier of New Quebec — a wilderness destination environment with the purpose of arriving at a more accurate account of how such a destination has developed, how its present tourist services function, and how they link up with the region. More particularly, we want to look into the very much debated relationship commercial tourist operations — regional resource utilization — economic linkages between a few isolated, small settlements in an otherwise practically uninhabited and fairly inhospitable tourist region.

This paper wants to illustrate a development sequence of a number of interrelated elements into a strongly tied total transport mechanism for individual travelling. The example is drawn from the geographically far‐flung mechanism which serves international tourist travel and especially the relationships, more or less rigid at different periods of the evolution, of the travel system, between travel‐generating and destination areas. The interrelationships which are depicted are in the author's mind quite similar to the economic and structural regional inter‐dependence between developed (metropolitan) and developing parts of the world. Therefore, the various complaints that have been voiced about widening gaps between the haves and have nots, on an international scale, and that are based on comparisons between national incomes etc. seem also to be applicable to the characteristics of the travel structures and systems within which the international tourist flows take place. The notions of center/periphery relationships could, however, also be seen on other geographic scale levels.

Literature has numerous debates about the relation between emerging financial environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors and financial performance with mixed results. The authors use a unique data set generated by big data analytics (from web-based data mining) for three environmental areas (water, land, and air) to test hypothesis in the extreme events (defined as those that are over/under ±2.58 multiplied by the standard deviation) have a high chance of predicting equity price movements within an window of −3/+10 days, respectively, prior to and after the event. The authors repeat the similar robustness study for a sample of 2018 and the results still holds. The authors interpret these findings to suggest that: (1) studies using continuously AI-generated data for ESG categories can have significant predictive power for extreme events; and (2) that such high correlations can be used to confirm the materiality of some ESG data. The authors conclude with noting limitation of this initial study, and present specific areas for future research.

In the past two decades mass tourism has replaced the “old‐fashioned”, more individual ways of travelling especially for vacations. In the course of this development a new travel industry system has established itself. This industry is responsible for the management and coordination of the various inputs that assist the transfers of people on volume levels that would have astounded the world less than a generation ago. This multifunctional, often supranational geographically far flung system serves tourist travelling on two distinct geographic scale levels, each one requiring different input mixes of professional and technical knowhow. (Without this system which meet and manages the needs of the modern traveller, tourist movements either interregionally or internationally, on land and sea, for a few days or weeks would slow down and almost grind to a halt.)

This paper uses a method devised by Geary and Stark to estimate regional GDPs for 24 Swedish provinces 1855–2000. In empirical tests, we find that the Swedish estimations yield results of good precision, comparable to those reported in the international literature. From the literature, we generate six expectations concerning the development of regional GDPs in Sweden. Using the GDP estimations, we test these expectations empirically. We find that the historical regional GDPs show a high correlation over time, but that the early industrialization process coevolved with a dramatic redistribution of productive capacity. We show that the regional inequalities in GDP per capita were at their lowest point in modern history in the early 1980s. However, while efficiency in the regional system has never been as equal, absolute regional differences in scale of production has increased dramatically over our investigated period. This process has especially benefited the metropolitan provinces. We present detailed sources of our estimations and also sketch a research agenda from our results.

Body weight has a long history of functioning as a symbol of one’s beauty, social status, morality, discipline, and health. It has also been a standard inflicted much more intensely on women than men. While US culture has long idealized thinness for women, even at risky extremes, there is growing evidence that weight standards are broadening. Larger bodies are becoming more visible and accepted, while desire for and approval of a thin ideal has diminished. However, the continued widespread prevalence of anti-fat attitudes and stigma leaves uncertainty about just how much weight standards are changing. This study used an online survey (n = 320) to directly compare evaluations of thin, fat, and average size women through measures of negative stereotypes, prejudicial attitudes, and perceptions about quality of life. Results indicated that, as hypothesized, thin women were perceived less favorably than average weight women. However, fat women were perceived less favorably than both average and thin women. Men were harsher than women in their evaluations of only fat women. Additionally, participants being underweight or overweight did not produce an ingroup bias in their evaluations of underweight and overweight targets, respectively. That is, participants did not rate their own group more favorably, with the exception of overweight participants having lower prejudice toward overweight targets. These findings add to the emerging evidence that women’s weight standards are in transition, marked by an increasingly negative perception of thin women, though not necessarily growing positivity toward fat women. This evidence further points toward the need for more extensive research on attitudes of people across the entire weight spectrum.

Our research aims to understand how coopetition can create barriers to tourism by focussing on the collective interests that seek to preserve the identity of a geographical indication (GI). We conducted a qualitative longitudinal study that analyses a Brazilian wine industry, specifically the Vale dos Vinhedos (a GI region in Southern Brazil), because it provides examples of leveraging coopetition to develop the area. The study was conducted over 10 years (2012–2022), collecting primary data from representatives of the Brazilian wine industry in 36 semi-structured interviews. Interviewees emphasised how the Vale dos Vinhedos vocation is founded on natural beauty and tranquillity, aiming to preserve aspects that value wine culture. The study found that wineries and formal institution agents established a coopetition strategy to stop uncontrolled expansion in real-estate development, blocking the entry of new ventures such as hotels and timeshares that could distort the region's character. Consequently, coopetition does not merely hinder the progression of tourism to real estate ventures; instead, it functions as an informal, and occasionally a formal, regulatory mechanism. While initially perceived as a drawback, upon examining the social, cultural, and economic advantages, this phenomenon emerges as a market control strategy that enhances the region.

This study aims to present a problem of noise compensation related to the localization of single-family houses in the restricted use areas (RUA) created around airports. The authors presented different methodological approaches to the valuation of such amends and characterized distinct solutions applied in that area in chosen countries and cities.

To estimate the level of those indemnities, linear models including spatial and generalized linear models, were applied. The set of explanatory variables contains quantitative and qualitative attributes of real estates. The influence of outliers indicated by means of cluster analysis on the received results were also considered.

The results show that after accounting for noise level and house characteristics, houses in noisier areas were sold for less than houses subjected to less noise. Unit prices of houses located outside the RUA were on average 17.05 per cent higher than the prices observed in zone with noise level for the daytime of 60 dB and 8.95 per cent in zone characterized by noise level for the daytime of 55 dB.

Received results can be compared with results obtained by other authors, but its most important application is possibility of use the proposed methodology by judicial appraisers to assess the proper level of noise compensation for home owners or tenants.

An identification of real estate market heterogeneity and its considering in estimation of compensation related to airport noise evidence some novelty of the research.