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Article
Publication date: 5 June 2017

Haihua Zhu, Jing Li, James Gao and Weihua Lu

With the customers’ increasing expectation on the product value, manufacturing enterprises around the world have made significant efforts to provide high value-added services in…

408

Abstract

Purpose

With the customers’ increasing expectation on the product value, manufacturing enterprises around the world have made significant efforts to provide high value-added services in addition to their traditional product development and manufacturing business. For this reason, it is of great importance to research product service system. The purpose of this paper is to research on the key problem of integrated product service system (IPSS) design.

Design/methodology/approach

A value-oriented IPSS is developed, which is set up based on “requirements-functions-processes-structures” mapping model to give full consideration to customer value and service functions. An extended product-service blueprint, which stems from the service blueprint, is developed to describe product behaviors, service deliver processes, stakeholders’ activities and supporting activities. An ontology-based design support system is proposed to improve design efficiency and help designers making better-informed decisions. A computer-aided prototype system has been developed, and an initial attempt has been made to demonstrate the role of IPSS in the aerospace industry.

Findings

Many traditional design methods cannot effectively address the objects and processes integration problem of products and services. Moreover, both product and service should be considered in IPSS design, and both of them extremely depend on designers’ own experience and knowledge. Thus, a broader range of knowledge is required to understand product-service system (PSS) design.

Research limitations/implications

This research provides a solid foundation for PSS C and promotes an effective means for PSS design.

Originality/value

A customer value-oriented IPSS is presented. Customer requirements are considered during the design phase of PSS as well as both product and service knowledge.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 46 no. 06
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 June 2024

Xiangting Chu, Jian Gao, Hongdou Zhang, Huiwen Lu, Xinjin Liu and Xuzhong Su

Through the tracer fiber method, we strive to more accurately obtain the hook degree, straightening degree, percentage and other characteristic indexes. In order to intuitively…

32

Abstract

Purpose

Through the tracer fiber method, we strive to more accurately obtain the hook degree, straightening degree, percentage and other characteristic indexes. In order to intuitively represent the hook state from sliver to yarn, and feed back production information in combination with quality test.

Design/methodology/approach

Taking the cotton fiber as an example, the hooked fibers were studied by using the tracer fiber method. Tracer fibers were made from cotton-type viscose fibers. Tracer fibers and combed cotton fibers were uniformly mixed for many times and used to produce the card sliver, semi-drawn sliver, drawn sliver, roving and yarn. With the help of ZF-20D ultraviolet analyzer, geometric parameters of hooked fibers were measured, and characterization indexes were calculated. And hook indexes and quality indexes were compared.

Findings

By redefining and reclassifying hooked fibers, the change of hooked fibers in the process was tracked and characterized carefully. Some hooks in card sliver are straightened but not eliminated, and will form longer zero-angled hooks in the subsequent process. The straightening degree and number of zero-angled hooks affect the evenness CV mainly.

Originality/value

The characterization of hooked fibers is important for reducing hooked fibers and spinning high quality yarns. There is no uniform standard for the characterization of hooked fibers at present. Most studies are about relationship between process and hook in carding and drawing. There is no research on hooked fibers in the whole spinning process. In the paper, hooked fibers were redefined and reclassified, the change of hooked fibers in the process was tracked and characterized carefully.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 36 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 29 June 2022

Xuerui Shi and Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling

Within a gated community, management of common property presents great challenges. Therefore, the diagnostic social ecological system (SES) framework proposed by Elinor Ostrom…

503

Abstract

Purpose

Within a gated community, management of common property presents great challenges. Therefore, the diagnostic social ecological system (SES) framework proposed by Elinor Ostrom providing a holistic understanding of complex collective action problems in terms of management of commons is used to investigate key institutional-social-ecological factors influencing collective action in the context of gated communities.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to systematically screen and review the relevant literature from 2000 to 2022, where 28 papers were selected for further analysis.

Findings

The study systematically identifies and categorises a series of variables related to self-organizing management in the gated community, and consequently a SES-based gated community management framework is developed. Based on the conceptual framework, the paper discusses logical interrelationships of institutional-social-ecological factors and their impacts on collective action performance of gated communities.

Research limitations/implications

Apart from requiring empirical validation, the conceptual SES-based gated community management framework is certainly subject to continuous improvement in terms of refinement and addition of other potential determinants of gated community collective action.

Originality/value

Not only the review paper provides updates on the latest gated-community collective action research, it also contributes theoretically by conceptualizing the SES framework and its institutional–social–ecological design principles in gated community management. Studying these factors should also be of practical significance because the findings ultimately offer policy insights and management strategies that help policy-makers, property developers and local communities to govern such neighbourhood common resources efficiently and sustainably.

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Article
Publication date: 17 June 2009

Tao (Tony) Gao and Talin E. Sarraf

This paper explores the major factors influencing multinational companies’ (MNCs) propensity to change the level of resource commitments during financial crises in emerging…

1117

Abstract

This paper explores the major factors influencing multinational companies’ (MNCs) propensity to change the level of resource commitments during financial crises in emerging markets. Favorable changes in the host government policies, market demand, firm strategy, and infrastructural conditions are hypothesized to influence the MNCs’ decision to increase resource commitments during a crisis. The hypotheses are tested with data collected in a survey of 82 MNCs during the recent Argentine financial crisis (late 2002). While all the above variables are considered by the respondents as generally important reasons for increasing resource commitments during a crisis, only favorable changes in government policies significantly influence MNCs’ decisions to change the level of resource commitments during the Argentine financial crisis. The research, managerial implications, and policy‐making implications are discussed.

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Article
Publication date: 5 May 2015

Haihua Zhu, James Gao and Qixiang Cai

Product-service system (PSS) has been attracting attentions of global manufacturing to providing high-value added services in addition to their traditional product development and…

1027

Abstract

Purpose

Product-service system (PSS) has been attracting attentions of global manufacturing to providing high-value added services in addition to their traditional product development and manufacturing business. For this reason, it is of great importance to research PSS. The purpose of this paper is to establish a systematic strategy and a system tool for PSS design.

Design/methodology/approach

A requirement-driven product-service system (RdPPS) is developed using requirements analysis and knowledge management technologies. A framework is proposed to support RdPPS by providing tools and methods for requirement analysis and processing, formalization of PSS by ontology-based knowledge representation, reasoning method for PSS solution finding, and solution optimizing and assessing. Finally, the design support strategies for RdPPS are investigated to demonstrate the usability and functioning of the developed system.

Findings

Many conventional design methods did not consider the influence of customer requirements (CRs) during the planning phase of PSS design. Moreover, a broader range of knowledge is required to PSS design, since both products and services are considered.

Research limitations/implications

This research provides a solid foundation for PSS, and promotes an effective means for PSS design.

Originality/value

A RdPSS is presented. CRs are considered during the design phase of PSS as well as both product and service knowledge.

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2013

Jianbin Gao, Qi Xia, Jianping Li and Mao Ye

The purpose of this paper is to present a symmetrical method to extract smooth signal from linear mixtures in the frequency domain; with experimentations, the method is thereafter…

137

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a symmetrical method to extract smooth signal from linear mixtures in the frequency domain; with experimentations, the method is thereafter evaluated.

Design/methodology/approach

The Second‐order Frequency Identification (SOFI) algorithm has been presented to retrieve baseband signals which have inactive bands and different bandwidths in the frequency domain. However, the SOFI method will bring about accumulative error, therefore an improved method is proposed in this paper by using symmetric extraction mode. In contrast to the SOFI algorithm, the ISOFI method can extract simultaneously the signal with the highest degree of smoothness and the signal with the lowest degree of smoothness. This means that the signals are not extracted one by one; instead, they are extracted in parallel. Experimental results in both noise‐free and noisy scenarios verified that the proposed method has a significant improvement compared with the SOFI algorithm.

Findings

An improved SOFI (ISOFI) method is proposed to reduce the accumulated error encountered in the SOFI algorithm. In the proposed method, the symmetric mode is utilized to extract in parallel the signals with different smooth degrees. Experimental results demonstrated that the ISOFI has a higher accuracy and lower accumulated error compared to the original algorithm.

Originality/value

The paper demonstrates use of the symmetric extraction mode to overcome the disadvantage of accumulated errors existing in the SOFI algorithm.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 9 March 2010

Bo Gao and Ling Tong

The purpose of this paper is to present the research on the effect of the shielding box to the dispersion properties of the microstrip lines, obtained by both theory analysis and…

230

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the research on the effect of the shielding box to the dispersion properties of the microstrip lines, obtained by both theory analysis and the experimental test. Additionally, some principles about the effect of the shielding box are given, which could provide some useful information for the design of monolithic microwave integrated circuits.

Design/methodology/approach

The dispersion of the shielded microstrip line is analysis by the MOL. The measured data are obtained by using vector network analyzer and the calibration method is through, reflect, line. The structure of the test fixtures will also be illustrated in this paper.

Findings

The size of the shielding box has a great impact on the dispersion properties of the microstrip lines. The shielding box will lead to the decrease of the effective dielectric constant of the shielded microstrip lines. The effects of shielding box have a big relation to the ratio of the size of the shielding box to the size of the microstrip lines. When this ratio becomes bigger, the effects will decrease and can even be ignored completely.

Originality/value

This paper presents the effects of the shielding box on the dispersion properties of the microstrip lines. Both the measured results and the theory analysis are given in a wide‐frequency range and the structures of the test fixture are also illustrated in detail.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 29 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2013

Bo Gao, Ling Tong and Xun Gong

The purpose of this paper is to study and discuss the effects of the finite metallisation thickness and conductivity on the properties of microstrip lines.

164

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study and discuss the effects of the finite metallisation thickness and conductivity on the properties of microstrip lines.

Design/methodology/approach

Effective dielectric constant and attenuation constant of microstrip lines with finite metallization thickness and finite conductivity are analyzed by the method of lines. The experimental results are obtained by using Vector Network Analyzer and the 3680 V Universal Test Fixture of Anritsu.

Findings

The strip thickness has a great impact on the attenuation constant of the microstrip lines. The effects can be divided into three parts by the relationship between strip thickness (t) and skindepth (δ). When t<δ, the attenuation constant will decrease rapidly as the strip thickness increase. When δ < t<2δ, the attenuation constant still decrease rapidly as the strip thickness increase, but the slope of the curve will be smaller. When 2δ < t, the effects of the strip thickness will become insignificant and the attenuation constant still decrease slowly as the strip thickness increase.

Originality/value

This paper presents some useful principles about the effects of the finite metallization thickness and finite conductivity in microstrip lines. The reasons for these effects are discussed by analyzing the longitudinal electric field distribution in the strip. Finally, some experimental results are given to verify these principles.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 19 August 2013

Jia LIU, Yumin Zhang, Lei Guo and Xiaoying Gao

A full-order multi-objective anti-disturbance robust filter for SINS/GPS navigation systems with multiple disturbances is designed. Generally, the unmodeled dynamics, the external…

345

Abstract

Purpose

A full-order multi-objective anti-disturbance robust filter for SINS/GPS navigation systems with multiple disturbances is designed. Generally, the unmodeled dynamics, the external environmental disturbance and the inertial apparatus random drift may exist simultaneously in an integrated navigation system, which can be classified into three type of disturbances, that is, the Gaussian noise, the norm bounded noise and the time correlated noise. In most classical studies, the disturbances in integrated navigation systems are classified as Gaussian noises or norm bounded noises, where the Kalman filtering or robust filtering can be employed, respectively. While it is not true actually, such assumptions may lead to conservative results. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The Gaussian noises, the norm bounded noises and the time correlated noises in the integrated navigation system are considered simultaneously in this contribution. As a result, the time correlated noises are augmented as a part of system state of the integrated navigation system error model, the relative integrated navigation problem can be transformed into a full-order multi-objective robust filter design problem for systems with Gaussian noises and norm bounded disturbances. Certainly, the errors of the time correlated noises are estimated and compensated for high precision navigation purpose. Sufficient conditions for the existence of the proposed filter are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) such that the system stability is guaranteed and the disturbance attenuation performance is achieved.

Findings

Simulations for SINS/GPS integrated navigation system given show that the proposed full-order multi-objective anti-disturbance filter, has stronger robustness and better precision when multiple disturbances exist, that is, the present algorithm not only can suppression the effect of white noises and norm bounded disturbance but also can estimate and compensate the modeled disturbance.

Originality/value

The proposed algorithm has stronger anti-disturbance ability for integrated navigation with multiple disturbances. In fact, there exist multiple disturbances in integrated navigation system, so the proposed scheme has important significance in applications.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 6 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 15 August 2002

James Boyd

Financial assurance rules, also known as financial responsibility or bonding requirements, foster cost internalization by requiring potential polluters to demonstrate the…

Abstract

Financial assurance rules, also known as financial responsibility or bonding requirements, foster cost internalization by requiring potential polluters to demonstrate the financial resources necessary to compensate for environmental damage that may arise in the future. Accordingly, assurance is an important complement to liability rules, restoration obligations, and other regulatory compliance requirements. The paper reviews the need for assurance, given the prevalence of abandoned environmental obligations, and assesses the implementation of assurance rules in the United States. From the standpoint of both legal effectiveness and economic efficiency, assurance rules can be improved. On the whole, however, cost recovery, deterrence, and enforcement are significantly improved by the presence of existing assurance regulations.

Details

An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Environmental Policy: Issues in Institutional Design
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76230-888-0

1 – 10 of over 1000
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