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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1968

JOHN C. CROFT

Supervision is defined as the attempt by the principal to stimulate, coordinate and guide the continued growth of teachers. A team from the Center for the Advanced Study of…

97

Abstract

Supervision is defined as the attempt by the principal to stimulate, coordinate and guide the continued growth of teachers. A team from the Center for the Advanced Study of Educational Administration at the University of Oregon, working with one U.S. school district, sought to arrive at a description of teachers' perceptions of administrative and supervisory practices in the schools of that district. It was found that teachers appeared to turn more often to their colleagues than to the principal for guidance on certain key professional issues and that the practices of the principal were often in conflict with teachers' normative expectations of supervisory behavior. Indeed, the principal's major responsibilities were seen as budget, coordination policy and public relations rather than instructional leadership.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Publication date: 1 February 1973

JOHN C. CROFT and CATHERINE BARKER

This paper reports on the history, rationale, procedures, and results of a 4‐day meeting of some 96 administrators from 2 large school systems, representing all levels of…

58

Abstract

This paper reports on the history, rationale, procedures, and results of a 4‐day meeting of some 96 administrators from 2 large school systems, representing all levels of administration, down through and including the principals. The meeting described was part of a large‐scale Organization Development (OD) effort by the first writer which had the general purpose of beginning and sustaining organizational renewal processes in the entire system. Organization Development is a planned, organization‐wide effort that is managed from the top and designed to increase organization's “processes”, using behavioural science knowledge. The Organizational Inventory Meeting (OIM) was designed and conducted by three Organization Development consultants employed by the system. The meeting which was observed by the two authors of this paper, was largely that of the “Confrontation” type which has been used successfully with largely decentralized industries and businesses, but special adaptations were made to fit the school situation. This paper presents both case observations and results of the Organizational Inventory Meeting. It also summarizes and integrates the reactions of participants in terms of the dilemma between (i) the necessity for organizing and directing information in order to “rationalize” administrative functions and (ii) the necessity for obtaining and sharing complete and valid information critical to reaching decisions which demand creative and innovative solutions.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1901

If additional evidence were needed of the connection between food supply and the spread of infectious disease, it would be found in a report recently presented to the Finsbury…

71

Abstract

If additional evidence were needed of the connection between food supply and the spread of infectious disease, it would be found in a report recently presented to the Finsbury Borough Council by its Medical Officer of Health, Dr. GEORGE NEWMAN. It appears that in the early part of May a number of cases of scarlet fever were notified to Dr. NEWMAN, and upon inquiry being made it was ascertained that nearly the whole of these cases had partaken of milk from a particular dairy. A most pains‐taking investigation was at once instituted, and the source of the supply was traced to a farm in the Midlands, where two or three persons were found recovering from scarlet fever. The wholesale man in London, to whom the milk was consigned, at first denied that any of this particular supply had been sent to shops in the Finsbury district, but it was eventually discovered that one, or possibly two, churns had been delivered one morning, with the result that a number of persons contracted the disease. One of the most interesting points in Dr. NEWMAN'S report is that three of these cases, occurring in one family, received milk from a person who was not a customer of the wholesale dealer mentioned above. It transpired on the examination of this last retailer's servants that on the particular morning on which the infected churn of milk had been sent into Finsbury, one of them, running short, had borrowed a quart from another milkman, and had immediately delivered it at the house in which these three cases subsequently developed. The quantity he happened to borrow was a portion of the contents of the infected churn.

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British Food Journal, vol. 3 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Publication date: 1 March 2008

R. G. Batey, T. Jones and C. McAllister

Prison populations in Western countries are characterised by a high hepatitis C prevalence. This reflects a high rate of imprisonment for drug related offences. Prison entrants…

116

Abstract

Prison populations in Western countries are characterised by a high hepatitis C prevalence. This reflects a high rate of imprisonment for drug related offences. Prison entrants who are HCV‐negative face a significant risk of acquiring hepatitis C. Effective prevention strategies and successful treatment of a significant percentage of hepatitis C‐positive inmates could reduce the risk of transmission in the prison context significantly. Several reports of treating hepatitis C in prisoners in major facilities have been published. We report our experience of establishing a liver clinic service in two regional prisons in New South Wales, Australia. Liver biopsy requirements to access treatment in Australia meant that only 46 of 196 reviewed patients were able to commence treatment in our 5‐year experience. Treatment completion rate was 61% and end of treatment viral response was 57%. The removal of liver biopsy requirements in Australia in April 2006 has freed up access to treatment and our results encourage further effort to optimise the process of assessment and treatment in this high‐risk population.

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International Journal of Prisoner Health, vol. 4 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-9200

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1966

W.T. Taylor

In this article the author describes a simulation technique which has been used in the training of educational administrators at the Universities of Bristol, Oxford, and…

36

Abstract

In this article the author describes a simulation technique which has been used in the training of educational administrators at the Universities of Bristol, Oxford, and Sheffield. The technique used is that of the Whitman Simulated School prepared in U.S.A. by the University Council for Educational Administration, and involves a description of the “Croft Hall School” set in an English town of “Fernswood”. The nature of the “in basket” material and the way it is used are described.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 4 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1901

The Sanitary Committee of a certain County Council, strong with the strength of recent creation, have lately been animated by a desire to distinguish themselves in some way, and…

52

Abstract

The Sanitary Committee of a certain County Council, strong with the strength of recent creation, have lately been animated by a desire to distinguish themselves in some way, and, proceeding along the lines of least resistance, they appear to have selected the Public Analyst as the most suitable object for attack. The charge against this unfortunate official was not that he is incompetent, or that he had been in any way negligent of his duties as prescribed by Act of Parliament, but simply and solely that he has the temerity to reside in London, which city is distant by a certain number of miles from the much favoured district controlled by the County Council aforesaid. The committee were favoured in their deliberations by the assistance of no less an authority than the “Principal” of a local “Technical School”;—and who could be more capable than he to express an opinion upon so simple a matter? This eminent exponent of scientific truths, after due and proper consideration, is reported to have delivered himself of the opinion that “scientifically it would be desirable that the analyst should reside in the district, as the delay occasioned by the sending of samples of water to London is liable to produce a misleading effect upon an analysis.” Apparently appalled by the contemplation of such possibilities, and strengthened by another expression of opinion to the effect that there were as “good men” in the district as in London, the committee resolved to recommend the County Council to determine the existing arrangement with the Public Analyst, and to appoint a “local analyst for all purposes.” Thus, the only objection which could be urged to the employment of a Public Analyst resident in London was the ridiculous one that the composition of a sample of water was likely to seriously alter during the period of its transit to London, and this contention becomes still more absurd when it is remembered that the examination of water samples is no part of the official duty of a Public Analyst. The employment of local scientific talent may be very proper when the object to be attained is simply the more or less imperfect instruction of the rising generation in the rudiments of what passes in this country for “technical education”; but the work of the Public Analyst is serious and responsible, and cannot be lightly undertaken by every person who may be acquainted with some of the uses of a test‐tube. The worthy members of this committee may find to their cost, as other committees have found before them, that persons possessing the requisite knowledge and experience are not necessarily indigenous to their district. Supposing that the County Council adopts the recommendation, the aspirations of the committee may even then be strangled in their infancy, as the Local Government Board will want to know all about the matter, and the committee will have to give serious and valid reasons in support of their case.

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British Food Journal, vol. 3 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1964

IN The verdict of you all, Rupert Croft‐Cooke has some uncomplimentary things to say about novel readers as a class, which is at least an unusual look at his public by a…

48

Abstract

IN The verdict of you all, Rupert Croft‐Cooke has some uncomplimentary things to say about novel readers as a class, which is at least an unusual look at his public by a practitioner whose income for many years was provided by those he denigrates.

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New Library World, vol. 65 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4803

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1954

Aarhus Kommunes Biblioteker (Teknisk Bibliotek), Ingerslevs Plads 7, Aarhus, Denmark. Representative: V. NEDERGAARD PEDERSEN (Librarian).

120

Abstract

Aarhus Kommunes Biblioteker (Teknisk Bibliotek), Ingerslevs Plads 7, Aarhus, Denmark. Representative: V. NEDERGAARD PEDERSEN (Librarian).

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Aslib Proceedings, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0001-253X

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Publication date: 1 October 1917

The inaugural meeting of the newly established National Party was held in the Queen's Hall, Langham Place, on Thursday, October 25th, under the presidency of Admiral Lord…

34

Abstract

The inaugural meeting of the newly established National Party was held in the Queen's Hall, Langham Place, on Thursday, October 25th, under the presidency of Admiral Lord Beresford. There was a large and distinguished audience numbering about 3,000 persons, among those on the platform being Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, Brigadier‐General Page Croft, M.P., Mr. Havelock Wilson, Miss Constance Williams, the Hon. G. J. Jenkins (all of whom addressed the meeting), Earl Bathurst, Sir C. Allom, Major Alan Burgoyne, M.P., Colonel Cassal, Mr. G. K. Chesterton, Sir R. Cooper, M.P., Capt. Viscount Duncannon, M.P., Sir W. Earnshaw Cooper, Mr. H. A. Gwynne, Mr. Rowland Hunt, M.P., Lieut.‐Col. Lord Leconfield, Lord Leith of Fyvie, Admiral Sir H. Markham, The Earl of Northesk, Colonel R. H. Rawson, M.P., Lord Edward St. Maur, Admiral Sir Edward Seymour, Lord Stafford and others.

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British Food Journal, vol. 19 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1967

ANDREW W. HALPIN

The task of changing the organizational climate of a school is only one tiny example of the fundamental issue of permanence and change. This example can only be understood in the…

671

Abstract

The task of changing the organizational climate of a school is only one tiny example of the fundamental issue of permanence and change. This example can only be understood in the light of a broad social and intellectual matrix. Two prime questions are: Under what conditions can the organizational climate be changed? If it can be changed, what approach is most appropriate? There is a great deal that is not known about organizational climate. Research is needed into the development of norms, the control of variables in experimental situations, the effects of size and “human density” and the influence of bureaucracy. Though we may be anxious to change organizational climate, one thing is clear—social change takes place slowly. To force its growth “out of phase” is to invite unanticipated social consequences. If the nature of social change is to be understood the planners, scientists, technologists need to maintain dialogue with each other. We must create in our society an “open” organizational climate that encourages the human dialogue.

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Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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