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Applying Partial Least Squares in Tourism and Hospitality Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-700-9

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 28 June 2022

Kseniia Skogstad Larsen

The article compares the effect of European Union (EU)-Russian sanctions imposed in 2014 with the influence of fluctuating oil prices on Danish trade.

924

Abstract

Purpose

The article compares the effect of European Union (EU)-Russian sanctions imposed in 2014 with the influence of fluctuating oil prices on Danish trade.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper annual import and export trade data between Denmark and 152 countries from the period 2002–18 were computed in STATA/SE 16.1 using the Gravity model to evaluate the effect of economic sanctions and the price of oil.

Findings

Results showed that the impact from the fall of oil price exceeded the negative effect from sanctions on Danish export. Additionally, the analyses suggest that the fall in oil price had a negative effect on Danish import. Even so, Danish import significantly increased due to growth in supplies of energy resources from Russia.

Originality/value

This study explains the overlapping effects of EU-Russian sanctions and fluctuating oil prices on Danish trade. This methodology can be expanded to encompass multiple countries using the two-sided Gravity model.

Details

Journal of International Logistics and Trade, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1738-2122

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Book part
Publication date: 13 March 2019

Amanda Buday

The focus on local-level policy initiatives in US anti-fracking movements presents unique opportunities to explore interactions between professional advocacy organizations with…

Abstract

The focus on local-level policy initiatives in US anti-fracking movements presents unique opportunities to explore interactions between professional advocacy organizations with regional/national constituencies and grassroots organizations with constituencies who will directly experience changes in local landscapes resulting from unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD). However, research on anti-fracking movements in the US has considered dynamics of interorganizational cooperation only peripherally. This chapter examines factors that motivate coalition building, sources of coalition fragmentation, and the progressive polarization of grassroots anti-fracking and countermovement activists using qualitative research on an anti-fracking movement in Illinois. While grassroots groups may experience some strategic advantages by collaborating with extra-local, professionalized advocacy organizations, these relationships involve navigating considerable inequalities. In the case presented here, I find that coalition building was important for putting UOGD on the policy agenda. However, when anti-fracking activists began experiencing success, institutionalization rapidly produced fragmentation in the coalition, and a countermovement of UOGD supporters was formed. I highlight how ordinary movement dynamics are particularly susceptible to polarization in the context of local land use disputes that “scale-up” to involve broader movement constituencies as perceptions of distributive injustice collide with perceptions of procedural injustice.

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Book part
Publication date: 2 September 2019

Bruno S. Sergi, Elena G. Popkova, Aleksei V. Bogoviz and Tatiana N. Litvinova

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Understanding Industry 4.0: AI, the Internet of Things, and the Future of Work
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78973-312-9

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Book part
Publication date: 17 August 2020

Karlijn Massar, Annika Nübold, Robert van Doorn and Karen Schelleman-Offermans

There is an abundance of empirical evidence on the positive effects of employment – and the detrimental effects of unemployment – on individuals’ psychological and physical health…

Abstract

There is an abundance of empirical evidence on the positive effects of employment – and the detrimental effects of unemployment – on individuals’ psychological and physical health and well-being. In this chapter, the authors explore whether and how self-employment or entrepreneurship could be a solution for individuals’ (re)entry to the job market and which (psychological) variables enhance the likelihood of entrepreneurial success. Specifically, the authors first focus on unemployment and its detrimental effects for health and wellbeing, and outline the existing interventions aimed at assisting reemployment and combating the negative consequences of unemployment for individuals’ well-being. Then, the authors will explore entrepreneurship as a potential solution to unemployment and explore the psychological variables that enhance the likelihood of entrepreneurial success. One of the variables the authors highlight as particularly relevant for self-employment is the second-order construct of Psychological Capital (PsyCap; Luthans, Avolio, Avey, & Norman, 2007), as well as its individual components – hope, optimism, efficacy, and resilience. PsyCap is a malleable construct that can be successfully trained, and PsyCap interventions are inherently strength-based and have positive effects on employees’ and entrepreneurs’ performance and wellbeing. Therefore, the authors end the chapter by suggesting that a PsyCap component in existing education and training programs for entrepreneurship is likely to not only increase entrepreneurial intentions and success, but also increases participants’ well-being, self-esteem, and the general confidence they can pick up the reigns and take back control over their (professional) lives.

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Entrepreneurial and Small Business Stressors, Experienced Stress, and Well-Being
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83982-397-8

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Article
Publication date: 19 February 2025

Raysa Palheta Borges, Wladimir Colman de Azevedo Junior, Marcos Antônio Souza dos Santos and Marcos Rodrigues

Resources provided by The Northern Brazilian Constitutional Financing Fund (FNO) aim to promote regional development to economically and socially backward regions through…

0

Abstract

Purpose

Resources provided by The Northern Brazilian Constitutional Financing Fund (FNO) aim to promote regional development to economically and socially backward regions through subsidized financial resources for economic activities, including agriculture. This study aims to determine whether rural credit and the FNO were able to produce structural changes in the distribution of financial resources and thus contribute to economic growth in Northern Brazilian municipalities.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper used inequality indexes and the Local Indicator of Spatial Association to verify the credit concentration and the spatial presence of clusters. To analyze the role of credit in promoting agricultural growth, this paper estimated an ordinary least squares regression with panel data for 450 municipalities during 1995–2017.

Findings

The results highlighted that rural credit, including the FNO, is essential to incentivizing agricultural production and increasing rural income. However, the financial resources are mostly captured by a small share of municipalities, spatially clustered in the expanding agricultural frontier of Pará, Tocantins and Rondônia states. Low-Low clusters are mainly present in the Western Amazonian region and are subject to structural and institutional constraints that reduce their demand for credit. The FNO resources proved insufficient to reduce financial inequality between Brazil’s northern municipalities.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates that the FNO’s policies are failing to reduce the concentration of financial resources in Amazonian agriculture. The results emphasize the importance of credit for development and, consequently, reducing inequality, which leads to a higher demand for financial resources by farmers. Implications include supporting economic agents with infrastructure and technical assistance, as well as improving farmers’ access to the banking system.

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Journal of Financial Economic Policy, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-6385

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Publication date: 28 February 2025

Rahabhi Mashapure, Purity Hamunakwadi, Julius Tapera, Admire Mthombeni, Bronson Mutanda and Hasmonia Makaza

In industrialised economies, frugal innovation is increasingly becoming a strategic business requirement due to consumer demand for high-quality, reasonably priced and sustainable…

Abstract

In industrialised economies, frugal innovation is increasingly becoming a strategic business requirement due to consumer demand for high-quality, reasonably priced and sustainable products. The present-day corporate leaders cannot afford to overlook this paradigm change. Frugal innovation enterprises are better positioned to overcome technological, financial, social and infrastructure constraints in emerging economies. However, little is known about how different actors and decision-makers perceive the challenges faced by family entrepreneurs in digitalising their entrepreneurial activities. Thus, this chapter aims to articulate the opportunities that can be potentially created for African family entrepreneurs and some challenges that can be anticipated when adopting disruptive digital technologies in their business enterprises. Using the social cognitive theory (SCT), interpretivism philosophy was adopted in this study. The authors utilised the interview guide to explore, probe and ask questions that addressed the objectives of the study. Snowball sampling was chosen for qualitative data collection, and the data were thematically presented. The population of the study was made up of family entrepreneurs in Harare Metropolitan Province in Zimbabwe; the saturation level determined the sample size. Twenty (20) participants were interviewed, as guided by the saturation point. A thematic approach was used to analyse participant's feedback. This study filled a critical gap considering that few studies have so far been conducted in this emerging area of family entrepreneurship. The chapter also highlights the opportunities that adoption of digital technologies can potentially unlock for African family entrepreneurs, once the identified obstructions have been successfully addressed.

Details

Disruptive Frugal Digital Innovation in Africa
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83549-568-1

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Article
Publication date: 6 November 2023

Luccas Assis Attílio

This article analyzes the impact of monetary policy on income inequality across 16 advanced economies. The author investigates three key points: (1) the relationship between…

293

Abstract

Purpose

This article analyzes the impact of monetary policy on income inequality across 16 advanced economies. The author investigates three key points: (1) the relationship between domestic monetary policy and domestic income inequality, (2) the spillover effect of USA monetary policy (including quantitative easing) on international inequality and (3) the quantitative influence of the monetary policies of both the USA and the Eurozone on the formation of domestic income inequalities.

Design/methodology/approach

The author employed the Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) model, which uses Vector Autoregressive with Exogenous Variables (VARXs) models of each economy to build an integrated system that enables us to evaluate individual responses to global shocks.

Findings

The author's analysis reveals that (1) contractionary monetary policy exacerbates domestic inequality and (2) USA monetary policy, including quantitative easing, affects international inequality. Furthermore, the author's variance decomposition analysis highlights that USA monetary policy is especially influential on income inequality in Norway and Sweden. Additionally, the cointegrating analysis confirms that monetary policy's impact on inequality persists in the long term.

Originality/value

Most of the studies focused on investigating domestic economies as closed economies. However, the author's approach differs in that the author uses the GVAR, which treats all economies as open. This allows us to incorporate the world economy into the domestic dynamics and connect the economies using bilateral trade. Another advantage of the GVAR is that it captures spillover effects by modeling each economy and constructing the international economy.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 51 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 2 October 2024

Leandro da Silva Nascimento, Diego S. Silva, Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki, Júlio César da Costa Júnior and Viviane Santos Salazar

Social entrepreneurship literature emphasizes the creation of social value for society from three main concepts – generation, appropriation and devolution - that form a value…

83

Abstract

Purpose

Social entrepreneurship literature emphasizes the creation of social value for society from three main concepts – generation, appropriation and devolution - that form a value cycle. This paper aims to analyse how social enterprises operationalize this cycle to create positive social impact.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a multi-case approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with founders of Brazilian social enterprises.

Findings

This study empirically supports the existence of the value cycle and identifies an additional stage –value transformation – emerging from the data. While the initial three stages occur within social enterprises, value transformation unfolds within served communities. This stage not only facilitates the conversion of value types (e.g. social to economic or environmental) but also stimulates the formation of new social enterprises. Consequently, this paper proposes a comprehensive social entrepreneurship value cycle encompassing generation, appropriation, devolution and transformation of value.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to clarifying concepts and mitigating theoretical ambiguities surrounding social value creation in the context of social entrepreneurship. It provides a framework for understanding the underlying principles of each stage in the value cycle, thereby empowering scholars and practitioners to enhance the innovative mission of social enterprises and drive social change within underserved communities.

Details

Social Enterprise Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-8614

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Book part
Publication date: 10 February 2020

Özlem Kuvat and Burcu İşgüden Kılıç

The confidence in the qualifications and independence of the audit activities and professionals has been lost due to the financial scandals that have arisen over time. These…

Abstract

The confidence in the qualifications and independence of the audit activities and professionals has been lost due to the financial scandals that have arisen over time. These scandals in the accounting and auditing fields caused both enterprises and investors to suffer from large amounts of losses and thus the need for reliable financial statements and corporate governance increased.

Both investors and decision-makers need independent assurance to achieve transparent, reliable, and impartial financial information. The fulfillment of this requirement is possible through independent auditing activity and independent audit firms. Business management shall carry out the selection of independent auditors based on various criteria (fee, reputation, audit team, relations, etc.). In addition, it may also be necessary to periodically change an independent audit firm due to rotation or other reasons (fee, disputes, relationships, etc.).

In this study, a ranking of the importance level of the evaluation criteria, for the selection and change of the independent audit firm in an enterprise in Borsa İstanbul (BIST) 100 in Turkey, was conducted. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is one of the multicriteria decision-making techniques, was used for ranking. In the hierarchy established for the selection of the independent audit firm, the main criteria of the “audit fee” and the “reputation and qualifications of the audit firm” have been established. According to the findings obtained as a result of binary comparisons, the first four ranks among sub-criteria are “provision of international service,” “quality of technical expertise of audit firm,” “industry expertise of audit firm,” and “suitability of fee offered by audit firm.”

For the change of audit firm, four main criteria “audit fee,” “disputes arising during the audit process,” “relations with the audit firm,” and “rotation” are taken into consideration. For sub-criteria, first four criteria were “rotation of independent audit firm,” “rotation of independent auditor,” “audit firm’s inability to adequately practice proactive audit approaches,” and “inadequate communication.”

Details

Contemporary Issues in Audit Management and Forensic Accounting
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-636-0

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