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Article
Publication date: 12 January 2010

María Cristina Sánchez and J.R. Mahan

The purpose of this paper is to present the results obtained from numerical models of radiant energy exchange in instruments typically used to measure various characteristics of…

396

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present the results obtained from numerical models of radiant energy exchange in instruments typically used to measure various characteristics of the Earth's ocean‐atmosphere system.

Design/methodology/approach

Numerical experiments were designed and performed in a statistical environment, based on the Monte Carlo ray‐trace (MCRT) method, developed to model thermal and optical systems. Results from the derived theoretical equations were then compared to the results from the numerical experiments.

Findings

A rigorous statistical protocol is defined and demonstrated for establishing the uncertainty and related confidence interval in results obtained from MCRT models of radiant exchange.

Research limitations/implications

The methodology developed in this paper should be adapted to predict the uncertainty of more comprehensive parameters such as the total radiative heat transfer.

Practical implications

Results can be used to estimate the number of energy bundles necessary to be traced per surface element in a MCRT model to obtain a desired relative error.

Originality/value

This paper offers a new methodology to predict the uncertainty of parameters in high‐level modeling and analysis of instruments that accumulate the long‐term database required to correlate observed trends with human activity and natural phenomena. The value of this paper lies in the interest in understanding the climatological role of the Earth's radiative energy budget.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 15 September 2020

Ziku Wu, Xiaoming Han and GuoFeng Li

The purpose of this paper is to develop a mesh-free algorithm based on the least square support vector machines method for numerical simulation of the modified Helmholtz equations.

72

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a mesh-free algorithm based on the least square support vector machines method for numerical simulation of the modified Helmholtz equations.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed method deals with a Cauchy problem for the modified Helmholtz equations. The algorithm converts the problem into a quadratic programming. It can be divided into three steps. First, some training points are allocated. Then, an approximate function is constructed. Finally, the shape parameters are estimated.

Findings

The proposed method's stability is discussed. Numerical experiments are conducted to check the efficiency of the algorithm. The proposed method is found to feasible for the ill-posed problems of the modified Helmholtz equations.

Originality/value

The originality lies in that the proposed method is applied to solve the modified Helmholtz equations for the first time, and the expected results are obtained.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 19 October 2012

Oliver Meixner and Viktoria Knoll

The aim of this paper is to introduce and evaluate an expanded model approximating variety‐seeking behaviour (VSB), which is defined as the phenomenon that consumers switch…

3573

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to introduce and evaluate an expanded model approximating variety‐seeking behaviour (VSB), which is defined as the phenomenon that consumers switch between brands because of the utility gained from the switch itself.

Design/methodology/approach

As a theoretical basis, two existing approaches, the switch (S) and the successive switch (SS) models, were examined and adjusted. The integration of both approaches led to the expanded “switch of brands” (SB) model. SB was tested empirically using panel data for a highly developed food market (the Austrian food market for three product categories, i.e. fruit juice, fruit yoghurt, and chocolate, with data for 2007 and 2008).

Findings

The integration of S and SS into the expanded SB model succeeded. Based on an annual comparison, the reliability of the SB model was tested. Since the results can be reproduced, it can be determined that the SB model is reliable. To test the explanatory power, a variable assessing brand loyalty (“brand purchase frequency”) was introduced. Correlation analyses showed that the expanded variety‐seeking model is more appropriate for approximating VSB than either S or SS.

Research limitations/implications

The SB model is still very basic, integrating only three variables. Other influencing variables have to be considered to further improve the significance of the SB model.

Practical implications

The expanded VSB model can be applied in all product categories and markets where panel data are available. It helps to analyse panel data in view of consumers' variety seeking and brand switching behavior.

Originality/value

The expanded variety‐seeking model (SB) is easy to implement and gives valid information on VSB. It can be used for marketing decisions, especially in connection to brand management.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 114 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

Qun G. Jiao and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie

This study was conducted to identify graduate students’ predominant study habit strengths and weaknesses as well as to examine empirically the relationship between specific study…

3539

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify graduate students’ predominant study habit strengths and weaknesses as well as to examine empirically the relationship between specific study habits and library anxiety. Participants were 133 graduate students in the field of education at a university in the southeast of the USA. These individuals were administered the study habits inventory (SHI) and the library anxiety scale (LAS). Findings revealed that students’ responses to 62.9 per cent of the 63 study habit statements in the SHI were indicative of appropriate study habits. Study habit weaknesses were identified in the areas of note‐taking and reading skills. An all possible subsets multiple regression analysis led to the identification of eight specific study behaviours that predicted levels of library anxiety. These study habits explained 45.8 per cent of the variance in library anxiety, which, using Cohen’s criteria, represents a large effect size. Implications for library anxiety reduction as a study habits intervention are discussed.

Details

Library Review, vol. 50 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0024-2535

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2022

Peter Wanke, Sahar Ostovan, Mohammad Reza Mozaffari, Javad Gerami and Yong Tan

This paper aims to present two-stage network models in the presence of stochastic ratio data.

220

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present two-stage network models in the presence of stochastic ratio data.

Design/methodology/approach

Black-box, free-link and fix-link techniques are used to apply the internal relations of the two-stage network. A deterministic linear programming model is derived from a stochastic two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model by assuming that some basic stochastic elements are related to the inputs, outputs and intermediate products. The linkages between the overall process and the two subprocesses are proposed. The authors obtain the relation between the efficiency scores obtained from the stochastic two stage network DEA-ratio considering three different strategies involving black box, free-link and fix-link. The authors applied their proposed approach to 11 airlines in Iran.

Findings

In most of the scenarios, when alpha in particular takes any value between 0.1 and 0.4, three models from Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (1978), free-link and fix-link generate similar efficiency scores for the decision-making units (DMUs), While a relatively higher degree of variations in efficiency scores among the DMUs is generated when the alpha takes the value of 0.5. Comparing the results when the alpha takes the value of 0.1–0.4, the DMUs have the same ranking in terms of their efficiency scores.

Originality/value

The authors innovatively propose a deterministic linear programming model, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, the internal relationships of a two-stage network are analyzed by different techniques. The comparison of the results would be able to provide insights from both the policy perspective as well as the methodological perspective.

Details

Journal of Modelling in Management, vol. 18 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5664

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Book part
Publication date: 18 May 2021

Judy Rollins

Abstract

Details

‘Purpose-built’ Art in Hospitals: Art with Intent
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-681-5

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Book part
Publication date: 26 October 2021

Mie Augier and Sean F. X. Barrett

This paper honors the breadth of some of March’s key ideas on organizations by applying them to the development of amphibious operations in the United States. The development of…

Abstract

This paper honors the breadth of some of March’s key ideas on organizations by applying them to the development of amphibious operations in the United States. The development of amphibious operations highlights, in part, March’s appreciation for little ideas, the importance of ordinary actions as opposed to great men, and the larger societal trends in which evolutionary organizational change is nested. The persistence of ordinary men and a series of little ideas that accumulated for decades prior to the far more celebrated 1919–1939 interwar period established the intellectual and organizational foundation that made the interwar innovation period possible. We use this case not only as an example of how many of March’s ideas are relevant to a given case, but also to demonstrate how extending March’s ideas to different kinds of institutions and organizations might be useful for future scholars and for organizational scholarship.

Details

Carnegie goes to California: Advancing and Celebrating the Work of James G. March
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-979-5

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Book part
Publication date: 31 October 2022

Abstract

Details

International Environments and Practices of Higher Education
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-590-6

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Book part
Publication date: 19 August 2015

Pierre-Xavier Meschi, Emmanuel Métais and C. Chet Miller☆

Past theorizing and empirical work suggest that long-standing strategic leaders generate harmful attention and information-processing effects in their organizations, which in turn…

Abstract

Past theorizing and empirical work suggest that long-standing strategic leaders generate harmful attention and information-processing effects in their organizations, which in turn impair organizational learning and performance. In contrast, our argument is that longevity and its attendant inertia foster useful transformational and strategic persistence for organizations pursuing stretch goals. Through attentional vigilance and restricted focus, inertia may create the cognitive profile necessary for effective learning when organizations pursue the seemingly impossible. We empirically examine our ideas in the context of the French royal navy and the naval battles it had with the British in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. More specifically, we focus on two distinct but related stretch periods during which the French royal navy was tasked with building a powerful naval force and using it to gain naval supremacy over Great Britain. Given its exceptionally weak starting position at the beginning of the two studied periods and its desire to displace the established and advantaged navy of the era, the French had a lofty task. Our results are supportive of the stability argument, with leader longevity and inertia being positive for outcomes.

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Book part
Publication date: 21 November 2016

John D. Salamone and Mercè Correa

Classical definitions of motivation typically involve two main components: direction and activation. Motivated behavior is directed toward or away from particular stimuli (i.e.…

Abstract

Classical definitions of motivation typically involve two main components: direction and activation. Motivated behavior is directed toward or away from particular stimuli (i.e., appetitive and aversive motivation). Furthermore, activational aspects of motivation refer to the observation that motivated behavior is characterized by substantial activity, vigor, persistence, and exertion of effort in both the initiation and maintenance of behavior. Although separate neural systems direct organisms toward distinct motivational stimuli (e.g., food, water, sex), there appears to be a common circuitry regulating behavioral activation and the exertion of effort. Mesolimbic dopamine is one of the brain systems mediating activational aspects of motivation and exertion of effort. This system integrates aspects of motivation and motor control functions involved in the instigation of action. Research on the neurobiology of effort has contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric disorders that are characterized by motivational dysfunction.

Details

Recent Developments in Neuroscience Research on Human Motivation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-474-7

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