J.L. Livesey, J.D. Jackson and C.J. Southern
Experiments have been carried out to determine the magnitude of static hole errors for holes of various diameters and depths. A new approach is tried to the problem of…
Abstract
Experiments have been carried out to determine the magnitude of static hole errors for holes of various diameters and depths. A new approach is tried to the problem of extrapolation to zero hole size for the purpose of obtaining a true value of static pressure. The results obtained are in broad agreement with previous experimental data and confirm the fact that a positive error is obtained for deep static holes, whereas shallow holes with large cavities behind them can involve negative errors. Since the effects of hole size and hole depth are apparently opposite, the use of fairly shallow holes can result in pressure measurements which are very close to the true value, provided that in drilling the holes no distortion of the duct wall is produced and all burrs are carefully removed. This point may be of interest in some engineering applications where the material used in the construction of the duct or model is thin.
UNTIL 1952 Queen's University was fortunate to have one main library building. With the establishment of the Institute of Clinical Science in the hospital area 1½ miles from the…
Abstract
UNTIL 1952 Queen's University was fortunate to have one main library building. With the establishment of the Institute of Clinical Science in the hospital area 1½ miles from the main university site, the formation of a separate medical library near the hospitals was considered essential.
IN 1938 a review of conical diffuser performance by Patterson (Ref. 1) was published in this journal, and a reappraisal by Cockrell and Markland (Ref. 2) was given in 1963. The…
Abstract
IN 1938 a review of conical diffuser performance by Patterson (Ref. 1) was published in this journal, and a reappraisal by Cockrell and Markland (Ref. 2) was given in 1963. The two articles are widely referred to for design purposes, although other reviews have appeared more recently (by Reneau et al (Ref. 3) in 1964, and Cockrell and King (Ref. 4) in 1967). Cockrell and Markland also included some preliminary results from an investigation which they instigated at Nottingham University, and it is the continuation of this work which is the subject of this paper.
THE second Combustion Colloquium organized by the A.G.A.R.D. (Advisory Group on Aeronautical Research and Development to the N.A.T.O. Countries) was held at the University of…
Abstract
THE second Combustion Colloquium organized by the A.G.A.R.D. (Advisory Group on Aeronautical Research and Development to the N.A.T.O. Countries) was held at the University of Liege, in Belgium, on December 5–9 last, and was attended by about 200 delegates. The seventeen papers which were presented and discussed were grouped under the following headings, although their subject matter sometimes overlapped these boundaries:
The management of international business activities today necessarily includes the market communication of socio-political activity in emerging markets. Critique of market…
Abstract
The management of international business activities today necessarily includes the market communication of socio-political activity in emerging markets. Critique of market communication of socio-political activity in emerging markets varies from seeing it as something organisations say rather than do to suggesting existing market communication as embracing a simplistic view of communication and socio-political activity in emerging markets. In this chapter, communication and language as social practice is introduced as a possible way to explore market communication and socio-political activity in emerging markets as part of a more complex activity. Various perspectives from philosophical and sociological traditions are used in combination with marketing and management views on and empirical examples of communication and socio-political activity in emerging markets. This chapter illustrates how market communication may be seen as socio-political activity in emerging markets rather than the audit and report of it.
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Yilmaz Bayazit, Eph Sparrow and John Gorman
The purpose of this paper is to provide both directly applicable fluid-flow results and fluid-mechanic fundamentals for flow impinging at an angle of attack on a perforated plate.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide both directly applicable fluid-flow results and fluid-mechanic fundamentals for flow impinging at an angle of attack on a perforated plate.
Design/methodology/approach
A physical situation was modeled with high fidelity, and the model was implemented by numerical simulation. The simulations spanned all possible flow regimes including laminar, intermittent (transitional) and turbulent, and the Reynolds numbers that defined each flow regime were definitively determined. The Reynolds numbers ranged from 0.1 to 30,000, the angles of attack included 0, 5, 15 and 22.5° and the host duct dimensions varied appropriately.
Findings
It was found that the perforated-plate pressure drop decreased moderately with an increasing angle of attack, an outcome directly relevant to design. The pattern of fluid flow caused by the presence of the plate was dominated by a large recirculation zone situated downstream of the plate in a corner between the plate and an adjacent wall. The recirculation zone played the role of a blockage which deflected the flow emerging from the apertures in the plate toward the opposite wall.
Originality/value
(a) Pressure drop information directly applicable to design, (b) downstream distance from the plate at which the plate-created flow disturbance disappears, (c) account taken of the intermittent flow regime between laminar and turbulent, (d) implementation of a new metric to characterize the strength of turbulence.
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The 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis underlined the importance of social responsibility for the sustainable functioning of economic markets. Heralding an age of novel heterodox…
Abstract
The 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis underlined the importance of social responsibility for the sustainable functioning of economic markets. Heralding an age of novel heterodox economic thinking, the call for integrating social facets into mainstream economic models has reached unprecedented momentum. Financial Social Responsibility bridges the finance world with society in socially conscientious investments. Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) integrates corporate social responsibility in investment choices. In the aftermath of the 2008/2009 World Financial Crisis, SRI is an idea whose time has come. Socially conscientious asset allocation styles add to expected yield and volatility of securities social, environmental, and institutional considerations. In screenings, shareholder advocacy, community investing, social venture capital funding and political divestiture, socially conscientious investors hone their interest to align financial profit maximization strategies with social concerns. In a long history of classic finance theory having blacked out moral and ethical considerations of investment decision making, our knowledge of socio-economic motives for SRI is limited. Apart from economic profitability calculus and strategic leadership advantages, this paper sheds light on socio-psychological motives underlying SRI. Altruism, need for innovation and entrepreneurial zest alongside utility derived from social status enhancement prospects and transparency may steer investors’ social conscientiousness. Self-enhancement and social expression of future-oriented SRI options may supplement profit maximization goals. Theoretically introducing potential SRI motives serves as a first step toward an empirical validation of Financial Social Responsibility to improve the interplay of financial markets and the real economy. The pursuit of crisis-robust and sustainable financial markets through strengthened Financial Social Responsibility targets at creating lasting societal value for this generation and the following.
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Ross L. Davies and David A. Kirby
Despite, or perhaps even because of, the economic uncertainties of the period, the 1970s witnessed a radical transformation of the British distributive system. Most of the changes…
Abstract
Despite, or perhaps even because of, the economic uncertainties of the period, the 1970s witnessed a radical transformation of the British distributive system. Most of the changes which occurred were similar to those experienced elsewhere in the Western world, and in a review of developments in EEC countries, Dawson has suggested that the impact of these changes on society could be similar to that produced by the Industrial Revolution. In Britain at least, the changes in distribution were, and remain, a result of very marked changes in society: most notably the change in consumption patterns brought about by endemic inflation, increasing unemployment and periodic world energy crises. The result has been increased competition, a search for greater efficiency and diversification of traditional product lines. Thus the British distribution system throughout the 1970s was dominated by the trend to mass merchandising, by the emergence of large firms and a consequent increase of corporate power and by the appearance of new distribution forms. While many of the conditions and developments experienced in the 1970s are expected to continue into the 1980s, it has been predicted (Distributive Industry Training Board 1980) that by the 1990s further revolutionary changes are likely to have occurred, particularly as a result of widespread automation involving new technology. The industry is, therefore, in the middle of a period of very rapid change.
This chapter explores the adaptation and evolution of stand-alone CSR reporting in two different political economies and late-capitalist countries: Brazil and South Korea. Instead…
Abstract
Purpose
This chapter explores the adaptation and evolution of stand-alone CSR reporting in two different political economies and late-capitalist countries: Brazil and South Korea. Instead of selecting between new institutionalism and the varieties of capitalism (VOC) approach, this study attempts to explore how the interaction between converging and diverging pressures appears in the adaptation and evolution of stand-alone CSR reporting (i.e., cross-fertilization process) in two countries.
Design/methodology/approach
Using qualitative content analysis this study focuses on the frameworks of CSR reports and the way CSR issues are described within the stand-alone CSR reports of four telecommunication companies in Brazil and South Korea.
Findings
Even though CSR reports in both countries have become similar due to the convergence of frameworks of CSR reporting, the key themes and the representation on each theme are still embedded within each form of market economy: a hierarchical market economy (HME) in Brazil and a network market economy (NME) in South Korea. From a cross-fertilization perspective, this chapter shows that the adaptation and evolution of CSR reporting occurs at two different levels of CSR reporting.
Value
This study has three major values. First, it explains the two different levels of the adaptation and evolution process of CSR reporting by bringing a dynamic cross-fertilization view. Second, it provides a qualitative study that focuses on the content of CSR disclosures instead of the quantity of those disclosures. Lastly, it contributes to the academic and practical research on CSR in late-capitalist countries and in two under-researched types of political economies.