J.I. Bates and J.A. Cave
Fluids management may be defined as the routeing and confinement of fluids, often under extremes of temperature, pressure and working environment. One of the most critical areas…
Abstract
Fluids management may be defined as the routeing and confinement of fluids, often under extremes of temperature, pressure and working environment. One of the most critical areas of this technology is the supply and transfer of liquids in aerospace fuel systems. Development of fluids management components for aerospace applications is driven by the requirement for total system integrity within the constraints of cost, space, mass, service conditions and material properties. Designers are challenged to produce novel solutions involving 3D simulation and modelling, finite element analysis and rapid prototyping. Simultaneous engineering is now an integral part of the process and designers must be aware of the latest manufacturing techniques and materials, both metallic and non‐metallic. Final design optimization is confirmed by prototype evaluation, followed by rigorous qualification testing. Explores design concepts and introduces some fluids management components in widespread use today. Reviews recent helicopter and non‐metallic material developments and discusses the future of the technology.
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IN wishing our readers the compliments of the New Year, we can congratulate them and ourselves upon the manner in which libraries of all kinds have survived one of the mo…
Abstract
IN wishing our readers the compliments of the New Year, we can congratulate them and ourselves upon the manner in which libraries of all kinds have survived one of the mo difficult economic times in memory. It is true that the Great War furnished many library authorities with a pretext, perhaps to some extent justified, to reduce their library activity. But of late they have had the authority of a Government demand for retrenchment in actual money, which was likely to have had a severe influence upon libraries. Fortunately, as Lord Irwin pointed out at the opening of Chaucer House, public libraries escaped the universal axe which was applied to other departments—at any rate in a measure; although, indeed, there were places, like Sheffield, where the cut was not reasonable. Nevertheless, on the whole it may be said that public libraries came out of the difficult situation with happier results than most institutions. It is not accurate to say that the crisis is over, but it is quite true that its worst time has passed, and that there is a definite opening out of financial possibilities throughout Great Britain. “We see not yet the full day here, but we behold the waning night,” is a quotation which we may apply to the present situation.
G.G. Verma and E. Byrne
In the era of evolving National Health Service with its visions for the future planned, the concept of “informed patient” has never been so important. Effective information…
Abstract
Purpose
In the era of evolving National Health Service with its visions for the future planned, the concept of “informed patient” has never been so important. Effective information provision is a prerequisite for partnership among child patients, their parents and health professionals. The purpose of this study is to determine the need for a Child and Family Information Centre outreach terminal in the waiting area of the Accident & Emergency (A&E) department for parents/carers who would like information about their child's medical condition.
Design/methodology/approach
This was a prospective study, which was conducted in a paediatric A&E department. It included 184 patients over six weeks' duration.
Findings
A total of 91 per cent of parents requested information. Young mothers were the group most interested in access to information. Most respondents in the A&E setting admitted that they would be unlikely to use a terminal in the A&E department but would complete enquiry forms to request postal information.
Originality/value
The offer of enquiry forms to the parents/carers at consultation would therefore be a viable option but it would probably be inappropriate utilisation of the resources to establish a terminal. Parents are happy to receive information if it is free and sent by post.
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This paper aims to report on a project re-imagining of a Level 1 English-model broad vocational curriculum for low-attaining youth. The project, funded by Rothschild, has sought…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to report on a project re-imagining of a Level 1 English-model broad vocational curriculum for low-attaining youth. The project, funded by Rothschild, has sought to develop a knowledge rich and engaging curriculum, which is more consistent with notions of social justice than contemporary low-level vocational curricula.
Design/methodology/approach
The project utilised a participatory, action-research model of curriculum development informed by a theoretical framework drawing on concepts of social justice.
Findings
The findings suggest that a broad, project-based curriculum, supported with a wide range of extra-curricular activities (enrichment) is effective in supporting secure and sustainable transitions into further education and/or meaningful employment for low attaining young people.
Originality/value
This paper extends understandings about curricula approaches in low-level vocational education. There is a paucity of research into the curriculum at the lowest mainstream levels. Students engaging with education at that level are similarly under-researched. This paper seeks to fill that gap.
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Simon Turner, Angus Ramsay and Naomi Fulop
Using the example of medication safety, this paper aims to explore the impact of three managerial interventions (adverse incident reporting, ward‐level support by pharmacists, and…
Abstract
Purpose
Using the example of medication safety, this paper aims to explore the impact of three managerial interventions (adverse incident reporting, ward‐level support by pharmacists, and a medication safety subcommittee) on different professional communities situated in the English National Health Service (NHS).
Design/methodology/approach
Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with clinical and managerial staff from two English NHS acute trusts, supplemented with meeting observations and documentary analysis.
Findings
Attitudes toward managerial intervention differ by professional community (between doctors, nurses and pharmacists) according to their existing norms of safety and perceptions of formal governance processes.
Practical implications
The heterogeneity of social norms across different professional communities and medical specialties has implications for the design of organisational learning mechanisms in the field of patient safety.
Originality/value
The paper shows that theorisation of professional “resistance” to managerialism privileges the study of doctors' reactions to management with the consequent neglect of the perceptions of other professional communities.
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Chaos theory is about to invade the thinking and vocabulary ofpractising managers and management academics. It will mark the majorbreakthrough in the 1990s, just as systems theory…
Abstract
Chaos theory is about to invade the thinking and vocabulary of practising managers and management academics. It will mark the major breakthrough in the 1990s, just as systems theory represented the great step forward three decades ago. Indeed, it may be regarded as a natural extension of systems theory. Provides an explanation of what chaos theory means in the light of some important scientific developments which may now be viewed as superseded. Explores the connection with management thinking through a number of major management writers who display an implicit awareness of chaos. A discussion considers the interrelationship between order and disorder, and the significance for creativity and leadership in organizations. Managers need to thrive on chaos, and to revamp some deeply entrenched attitudes if they are to succeed in the midst of an operating environment that is less stable and predictable.
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Omid Pourali, Hashem Ghasemi Kadijani and Farideh Mohammadi Khangheshlaghi
An effective chemical conditioning technique was successfully tested and investigated to control and minimize the chemistry-related damages within mixed metallurgy steam and water…
Abstract
Purpose
An effective chemical conditioning technique was successfully tested and investigated to control and minimize the chemistry-related damages within mixed metallurgy steam and water cycle of Heller dry cooled combined cycle power plants (CCPPs), in which cooling water and condensate are completely mixed in direct contact condenser. This study aims to perform a comprehensive experimental research in four mixed metallurgy steam and water cycle.
Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive experimental study was carried out in four mixed metallurgy steam and water cycle fabricated with ferrous- and aluminum-based alloys which have various corrosion resistance capabilities in contact with water. Chemical conditioning was conducted using both volatile and non-volatile alkalizing agents, and, to perform chemical conditioning effectively, quality parameters (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, sodium, silica, iron, aluminum and phosphate) were monitored by analyzing grab and online samples taken at eight key sampling points.
Findings
Results indicated that pH was the most critical parameter which was not mainly within the recommended ranges of widely used standards and guidelines at all key sampling points that generally increases the occurrence of chemistry-related damages. The other quality parameters were mostly satisfactory.
Originality/value
In this research, the development of a suitable chemical conditioning technique in mixed metallurgy steam and water cycle, fabricated with ferrous and aluminum-based alloys, was studied. The obtained results in this thorough research work was evaluated by comparison with the chemistry limits of the widely used standards and guidelines, and combined use of volatile and solid alkalizing agents was considered as a promising chemical conditioning technique for utilization in mixed metallurgy units of Heller dry cooled CCPPs.
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Céline Blanchard, Amanda Baker, Dominique Perreault, Lisa Mask and Maxime Tremblay
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between three antecedents, namely, work self-determination, managerial support (i.e. interpersonal motivation style…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between three antecedents, namely, work self-determination, managerial support (i.e. interpersonal motivation style) and person–organization fit (P-O) (i.e. shared values among employees and the overall organization) on employee work satisfaction in a French Canadian health care context. Assessing the relationships between such intrapersonal, interpersonal and macro-level variables will help to better comprehend work satisfaction in health care and shed light on applicable transformations for management.
Design/methodology/approach
The study tested a judicious model grounded in self-determination theory in order to capture and construe the three levels of influence. Participants were recruited from four health centers in the Suroît (Quèbec, Canada) region. Management was provided with the questionnaire and asked to distribute to all employees including nurses and allied health. A serial multiple mediation analysis was used to test the proposed model.
Findings
The findings revealed that nearly 60 percent of the participants from each of the professional groups reported feeling moderately to not at all satisfied with their job (follow-up ANOVA revealed that nurses were the least satisfied). Through closer examination, the findings revealed that 46 percent of the variance in reported job satisfaction was explained by the three focal antecedents from the hypothesized model (work self-determination, managerial support and P-O fit). Therefore the model, in its entirety, represents a comprehensive perspective for influencing employee work satisfaction in particularly demanding health care work contexts.
Originality/value
The study is the first to indicate the prevailing factors necessary to pursue and support employee satisfaction within a health care context among French Canadians.
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Kerry Wilbur, Arwa Sahal and Dina Elgaily
Patient safety is gaining prominence in health professional curricula. Patient safety must be complemented by teaching and skill development in practice settings. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
Patient safety is gaining prominence in health professional curricula. Patient safety must be complemented by teaching and skill development in practice settings. The purpose of this paper is to explore how experienced pharmacists identify, prioritize and communicate adverse drug effects to patients.
Design/methodology/approach
A focus group discussion was conducted with cardiology pharmacy specialists working in a Doha hospital, Qatar. The topic guide sought to explore participants’ views, experiences and approaches to educating patients regarding specific cardiovascular therapy safety and tolerability. Discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were coded and organized around identified themes and sub-themes. Working theories were developed by the three authors based on relevant topic characteristics associated with the means in which pharmacists prioritize and choose adverse effect information to communicate to patients.
Findings
Nine pharmacists participated in the discussion. The specific adverse effects prioritized were consistent with the reported highest prevalence. Concepts and connections to three main themes described how pharmacists further tailored patient counseling: potential adverse effects and their perceived importance; patient encounter; and cultural factors. Pharmacists relied on initial patient dialogue to judge an individual’s needs and capabilities to digest safety information, and drew heavily upon experience with other counseling encounters to further prioritize this information, processes dependent upon development and accessing exemplar cases.
Originality/value
The findings underscore practical experience as a critical instructional element of undergraduate health professional patient safety curricula and for developing associated clinical reasoning.
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Monika, Sadia Chishty and Nimali Singh
The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional and health status of Saharia and non-Saharia women.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional and health status of Saharia and non-Saharia women.
Design/methodology/approach
The present study was undertaken to compare the nutritional status of Saharia versus non-Saharia women in Baran district, Rajasthan. The sample comprised married non-pregnant and non-lactating (NPNL) women (aged 18-35 years) from three groups, that is, Saharia (n = 100), non-Saharia (Meena tribe, n = 100) and general category (n = 30). The general category women, or reference group, were selected as the control group belonging to the same region. The data included general profile, physical measurement, biochemical hemoglobin estimation, dietary and nutrient intake assessment.
Findings
The mean hemoglobin value in Saharia (8.3 ± 1.4 g/dl) and Meena (8.1 ± 1.4 g/dl) women was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.01 at 99 per cent confidence level) than that of the reference group (9.5 ± 1.4 g/dl) and much below the standard value of 12 g/dl. Chronic energy deficiency (BMI < 18.5) was more prevalent in Saharia women (68 per cent) followed by Meena (∼24 per cent) than reference women (7 per cent). Only 29 per cent Saharia women were under normal BMI and majority of the reference group women (77 per cent) and Meena women (72 per cent) had normal BMI (18.5-24). Nutrient and dietary intake of both the tribal women groups were low when compared with suggested levels. In Saharia and Meena women, magnesium and thiamine were significantly higher (p < 0.01) and other nutrients were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than recommended dietary allowances.
Originality/value
Anemia is prevalent in all categories of women. Women’s health is poor especially among Saharia women who are still striving hard to meet the national health standards. A multidimensional approach is required to uplift the health status. Hemoglobin levels of all the women were found to be very low.