Alice A. Adewoye, J.A. Fadayomi, Bisi Adesina and Muyideen Abdulraheem
Sodium oleic sulfonate (SOS), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80 or T80) and their mixtures have been studied as acid corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1M HCl…
Abstract
Sodium oleic sulfonate (SOS), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80 or T80) and their mixtures have been studied as acid corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1M HCl using adsorption and gravimetric techniques. All the data reveal that the compounds act as inhibitors in the acid environment. The adsorption and inhibition efficiency are discussed as a function of the concentration and the nature of mixing the two surfactants. T80 + αSOS mixtures show a better inhibition effect than SOS + αT80, that increases with the value of αSOS. The interaction and synergism of the investigated mixtures are studied by calculating the interaction parameters (β) and the degree of synergism (S) from surface tension‐concentration and corrosion data. The degree of synergism for T80 + αSOS is higher than that of SOS + αT80. This is believed to be due to the presence of the small amount of the co‐surfactant SOS which serves as an anchor molecule for the nonionic molecules.
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In its fight against money laundering involving politically exposed persons (PEPs), the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has the dual mandate of maintaining…
Abstract
Purpose
In its fight against money laundering involving politically exposed persons (PEPs), the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has the dual mandate of maintaining equilibrium between two fundamental, but sharply contradictory objectives: establishing guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and responding to the policy imperative of nipping corruption in the bud through a pro-active involvement in preventative measures. This paper contends that as a result of the tension between these two divergent ends, the agency has found itself the spider in a cobweb of legalism designed by its adversaries to stymie its operations. Furthermore, and as a matter of priority, the paper calls for a major rethink of the appropriateness of criminal jurisdiction in the prosecution of financial crimes in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
Case study and textual analysis of literature.
Findings
Civil jurisdiction of extracting the proceeds of the criminal activities of PEPs provides a better mode of deterrence than any criminal sanction could hope to achieve.
Originality/value
Creative in deciphering a major root cause of the ineffectiveness of criminal sanction as an anti-corruption weapon.
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To examine the adequacy or otherwise of the existing legal and institutional mechanisms for combating corruption in Nigeria and suggest useful strategies for achieving this.
Abstract
Purpose
To examine the adequacy or otherwise of the existing legal and institutional mechanisms for combating corruption in Nigeria and suggest useful strategies for achieving this.
Design/methodology/approach
The pre‐existing statutory enactments, the Criminal and Penal Codes governing corruption in Nigeria were examined to assess their effectiveness in dealing with the crime of corruption. In addition, the two main enactments under the present civilian administration dealing with corruption, namely, the Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences Act, 2000 and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission Act, 2004 were also X‐rayed.
Findings
It was found that the earlier statutory enactments have proved ineffective in combating corruption in contemporary Nigeria, hence the enactment of the Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences Act, 2000 and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission Act, 2004, with the objective of dealing with various aspects of corruption.
Practical implications
The implication of this finding is that to be effective, legislative measures to tackle corruption must take cognizance of the multifarious nature of the menace coupled with the requisite political will to enforce the provisions of such statutory enactments.
Originality/value
The paper demonstrates the great benefit of the use of additional legislative measures in tackling corruption in Nigeria. It suggests the strengthening of these mechanisms and a re‐orientation of social values as the best strategy for dealing with the corruption virus in the country.