Berdy Briggitte Cuya-Velásquez, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Marián Arias-Meza, Maria de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario and Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales
An important sector that presents continuous growth year after year and one of the most notable economic sectors worldwide is hospitality and tourism (H&T). For this reason, many…
Abstract
An important sector that presents continuous growth year after year and one of the most notable economic sectors worldwide is hospitality and tourism (H&T). For this reason, many enterprises have been created and developed. Each journey could face several challenges, such as economic, social, political, environmental, and technological. This study examines research and case studies about H&T entrepreneurship and provides new insights into the current industry about all aspects that affect entrepreneurship development. Additionally, the impacts of the spread of COVID-19 in the current industry and the changes in the awareness of tourists to enjoy more sustainable tourism that protects the planet during their daily operations are addressed; this being a new opportunity for business so that entrepreneurs can compete in a hypercompetitive market.
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Helen M. Haugh and Bob Doherty
The common good refers to contextual conditions that contribute to human wellbeing and flourishing, such as prosperous communities and environmental sustainability. In this paper…
Abstract
The common good refers to contextual conditions that contribute to human wellbeing and flourishing, such as prosperous communities and environmental sustainability. In this paper, we consider how entrepreneurship impacts society by investigating the generalized outcomes of social entrepreneurship on the common good. From a qualitative study of ten large and profitable social enterprises in the United Kingdom, we theorize how social entrepreneurship contributes to the common good in the short and long term. We also conjecture how some commercial practices undermine the common good and further, explain how the common good performs as a conceptual anchor for social entrepreneurship.
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Jéssica Miranda Ferreira, Bruno Barbosa Sousa and Francisco Barbosa Gonçalves
This study aims to understand the development of Barcelos tourist destination, analyzing the progress of technology in local handcrafts. eTourism is a development alternative for…
Abstract
This study aims to understand the development of Barcelos tourist destination, analyzing the progress of technology in local handcrafts. eTourism is a development alternative for many localities. These alternatives, when they have integrated tourist products and a defined geographical area, form a tourist destination. Focusing on tourism and its evolution, concepts and successes are investigated in the tourist market of Barcelos, proving the increase in the local economy. Before a qualitative study and through the direct observation and semi-structured interviews to some regional handcraftsmen, the forms of the innovation of the technology in the tourism of Barcelos are analyzed and what their contribution to the increase in the tourism in this territory. The study shows that, in this tourist destination, the development of handcrafts had a great social and economic impact, developing the offer and standing out in front of the tourist market. The study also concludes that the new Information and Communication Technologies’ (ICTs’) tools promote new skills, which consequently provide new opportunities as well as great challenges for all users. In the Barcelos handcraft, ICTs will revolutionize the promotion of this tourism offer, through the innovation of networks and the Internet, with all stakeholders, sharing information and knowledge of Barcelos products and services, thus increasing their fluency in tourism demand and developing the market in order to create a greater economic impact on the destination.
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J.G. Marakis, J. Chamiço, G. Brenner and F. Durst
Notes that, in a full‐scale application of the Monte Carlo method for combined heat transfer analysis, problems usually arise from the large computing requirements. Here the…
Abstract
Notes that, in a full‐scale application of the Monte Carlo method for combined heat transfer analysis, problems usually arise from the large computing requirements. Here the method to overcome this difficulty is the parallel execution of the Monte Carlo method in a distributed computing environment. Addresses the problem of determination of the temperature field formed under the assumption of radiative equilibrium in an enclosure idealizing an industrial furnace. The medium contained in this enclosure absorbs, emits and scatters anisotropically thermal radiation. Discusses two topics in detail: first, the efficiency of the parallelization of the developed code, and second, the influence of the scattering behavior of the medium. The adopted parallelization method for the first topic is the decomposition of the statistical sample and its subsequent distribution among the available processors. The measured high efficiencies showed that this method is particularly suited to the target architecture of this study, which is a dedicated network of workstations supporting the message passing paradigm. For the second topic, the results showed that taking into account the isotropic scattering, as opposed to neglecting the scattering, has a pronounced impact on the temperature distribution inside the enclosure. In contrast, the consideration of the sharply forward scattering, that is characteristic of all the real combustion particles, leaves the predicted temperature field almost undistinguishable from the absorbing/emitting case.
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P.M.B. Torres, P. J. S. Gonçalves and J.M.M. Martins
The purpose of this paper is to present a robotic motion compensation system, using ultrasound images, to assist orthopedic surgery. The robotic system can compensate for femur…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a robotic motion compensation system, using ultrasound images, to assist orthopedic surgery. The robotic system can compensate for femur movements during bone drilling procedures. Although it may have other applications, the system was thought to be used in hip resurfacing (HR) prosthesis surgery to implant the initial guide tool. The system requires no fiducial markers implanted in the patient, by using only non-invasive ultrasound images.
Design/methodology/approach
The femur location in the operating room is obtained by processing ultrasound (USA) and computer tomography (CT) images, obtained, respectively, in the intra-operative and pre-operative scenarios. During surgery, the bone position and orientation is obtained by registration of USA and CT three-dimensional (3D) point clouds, using an optical measurement system and also passive markers attached to the USA probe and to the drill. The system description, image processing, calibration procedures and results with simulated and real experiments are presented and described to illustrate the system in operation.
Findings
The robotic system can compensate for femur movements, during bone drilling procedures. In most experiments, the update was always validated, with errors of 2 mm/4°.
Originality/value
The navigation system is based entirely on the information extracted from images obtained from CT pre-operatively and USA intra-operatively. Contrary to current surgical systems, it does not use any type of implant in the bone to track the femur movements.
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J.P.M. Gonçalves, M.F.S.F. de Moura, P.M.S.T. de Castro and A.T. Marques
An interface finite element for three‐dimensional problems based on the penalty method is presented. The proposed element can model joints/interfaces between solid finite elements…
Abstract
An interface finite element for three‐dimensional problems based on the penalty method is presented. The proposed element can model joints/interfaces between solid finite elements and also includes the propagation of damage in pure mode I, pure mode II and mixed mode considering a softening relationship between the stresses and relative displacements. Two different contact conditions are considered: point‐to‐point constraint for closed points (not satisfying the failure criterion) and point‐to‐surface constraint for opened points. The performance of the element is tested under mode I, mode II and mixed mode loading conditions.
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Chris de Blok and Richard Page
Sustainable Development Goal 14 of the United Nations aims to ‘conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development’. To achieve this…
Abstract
Sustainable Development Goal 14 of the United Nations aims to ‘conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development’. To achieve this goal, we must rebuild the marine life-support systems that provide society with the many advantages of a healthy ocean. Therefore, countries worldwide have been using Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to restore, create, or protect habitats and ecosystems. Palau was one of the first countries to use MPAs as a tool to develop biodiversity within its exclusive economic zone. On 22 October 2015, Palau placed approximately 80% of its maritime territory in a network of locally monitored MPAs, which has now shown a population increase in stationary and migratory fish species. This movement towards a MPA was intentional and because of increased pressure from tourism and the increasing incursion of foreign fishing vessels in Palauan territorial waters. Since countries worldwide are using and looking towards MPAs, secondary protection projects are becoming more and more popular. This chapter highlights the practical implementations and results in Palau, how to theoretically apply this within the Greater North Sea in combination with Windmill Farms, and how the Marine Strategy Framework Directive stimulates these practices.
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The finite volume method for radiative heat transfer calculations has been parallelized using two strategies, the angular domain decomposition and the spatial domain…
Abstract
The finite volume method for radiative heat transfer calculations has been parallelized using two strategies, the angular domain decomposition and the spatial domain decomposition. In the first case each processor performs the calculations for the whole domain and for a subset of control angles, while in the second case each processor deals with all the control angles but only treats a spatial subdomain. The method is applied to three‐dimensional rectangular enclosures containing a grey emitting‐absorbing medium. The results obtained show that the number of iterations required to achieve convergence is independent of the number of processors in the angular decomposition strategy, but increases with the number of processors in the domain decomposition method. As a consequence, higher parallel efficiencies are obtained in the first case. The influence of the angular discretization, grid size and absorption coefficient of the medium on the parallel performance is also investigated.
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Antoine Clarinval, Anthony Simonofski, Benoît Vanderose and Bruno Dumas
The purpose of this research is to study how current research reports reflect on using public displays in the smart city. In particular, it looks at the state-of-the-art of this…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to study how current research reports reflect on using public displays in the smart city. In particular, it looks at the state-of-the-art of this domain from two angles. On the one hand, it investigates the participation of citizens in the development of public displays. On the other hand, it aims at understanding how public displays may foster citizen participation in addressing urban issues. Its goal is to provide a literature review of this field, and a research agenda.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted following a thoroughly detailed protocol. It surveys 34 recent papers through multiple aspects, including interaction modality, level of participation, socio-demographics of participating citizens, topic of participation, evaluation of the display and participation of end-users in the early development stages of the display. Then, a research agenda informed by the results of the SLR is discussed in light of related literature.
Findings
The SLR showed that further research is needed to improve the involvement of citizens in the early stages of the development of public displays, broaden the spectrum of citizen participation achieved through public displays, integrate public displays with other means of participation and handle the changing urban context to improve the participation experience.
Originality/value
Previous literature reviews have been conducted in the field of public displays, including one specifically related to citizen participation. However, they have emphasized the technological aspects of public displays and omitted other essential aspects. This article aims at addressing this gap by conducting a literature review, including also non-technological perspectives such as socio-demographics and participation in development, complementing other works.
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Jürgen Strohhecker and Andreas Größler
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of extended production disruptions because of process quality breakdowns on operational and financial performance. The…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of extended production disruptions because of process quality breakdowns on operational and financial performance. The investigation is conducted over the market cycle of a highly profitable product, e.g. a patented pharmaceutical. In particular, the study evaluates performance effects of different inventory level policies. The paper considers different degrees of availability of a substitute product.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses simulation experiments based on system dynamics methodology to derive inventory policies on handling infrequently happening but severe production process breakdowns. The simulation model is inspired by empirical case study research and is based on standard modeling formulations from the literature.
Findings
The scenario analyses show that the optimal level of safety stock coverage time depends in a highly non-linear manner on various economic parameters and shows threshold behavior.
Research limitations/implications
In subsequent studies, the effect of the degree of backlogging and the effect of the repeated occurrence of quality breakdowns on the results can be investigated.
Practical implications
The critical importance of safety stock and its non-linear relationship to economic product characteristics is emphasized.
Originality/value
Motivated by a real-world case study, the paper uses standard model formulations to derive insights for a specific business situation after considering uncertainty in the environment.