Brenden Kuerbis and Farzaneh Badiei
There is growing contestation between states and private actors over cybersecurity responsibilities, and its governance is ever more susceptible to nationalization. The authors…
Abstract
Purpose
There is growing contestation between states and private actors over cybersecurity responsibilities, and its governance is ever more susceptible to nationalization. The authors believe these developments are based on an incomplete picture of how cybersecurity is actually governed in practice and theory. Given this disconnect, this paper aims to attempt to provide a cohesive understanding of the cybersecurity institutional landscape.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing from institutional economics and using extensive desk research, the authors develop a conceptual model and broadly sketch the activities and contributions of market, networked and hierarchical governance structures and analyze how they interact to produce and govern cybersecurity.
Findings
Analysis shows a robust market and networked governance structures and a more limited role for hierarchical structures. Ex ante efforts to produce cybersecurity using purely hierarchical governance structures, even buttressed with support from networked governance structures, struggle without market demand like in the case of secure internet identifiers. To the contrary, ex post efforts like botnet mitigation, route monitoring and other activities involving information sharing seem to work under a variety of combinations of governance structures.
Originality/value
The authors’ conceptual framework and observations offer a useful starting point for unpacking how cybersecurity is produced and governed; ultimately, we need to understand if and how these governance structure arrangements actually impact variation in observed levels of cybersecurity.
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Yaser Khajebishak, Amir Hossein Faghfouri, Ali Molaei, Vahid Rahmani, Samira Amiri, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi and Laleh Payahoo
This paper aims to investigate the potential relationship between depression, diabetes knowledge and self-care management with quality of life in diabetic patients.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the potential relationship between depression, diabetes knowledge and self-care management with quality of life in diabetic patients.
Design/methodology/approach
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 309 diabetic patients in Tabriz, Iran in 2015-2017. Quality of life was assessed by a validated questionnaire. The Persian version of the Beck Aeron questionnaire was used to assess the depression status. Knowledge and self-care management was evaluated by the health belief model questionnaire. Simple and multiple regression models were used to determine the relationship between the mentioned factors and the quality of life in diabetic patients.
Findings
Thirty-six per cent of the patients suffered from depression. The mean score of the total quality of life was 33.75 ± 8.72. The scores of the three domains of the quality of life were less than the normal range (“complication of diabetes” domain: 9.93 ± 3.16, “diagnosis, therapy and follow-up” domain: 10.91 ± 3.31, “psycho-social effect of diabetes” domain: 12.93 ± 4.41). The score of “complication of diabetes” score in males was significantly higher than females (p = 0.001). There was a significant relationship between depression (p < 0.001), self-care management (p = 0.019) and two parameters of knowledge (diet: p = 0.006 and diabetes: p = 0.004) with quality of life of diabetic patients.
Originality/value
The obtained results presented an unfavorable status of knowledge, physical and mental health in diabetic patients and a strong relationship between health-related factors with quality of life. Therefore, it is suggested to hold community-based health-promoting programs to enhance the overall life satisfaction in people with diabetes.
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S. Jahanshaei, T. Tabarsa and J. Asghari
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an eco‐friendly tannin‐phenol formaldehyde resin (PFT) applicable in the wood composite industry.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an eco‐friendly tannin‐phenol formaldehyde resin (PFT) applicable in the wood composite industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The bark of oak (Quercus castaneifolia) contains a large amount of condensed tannin. Condensed tannin, with a large amount of Catechol groups was considered for reducing the formaldehyde emission level on the adhesive system. Physical characteristics of synthesized PFT resin were evaluated.
Findings
For optimal extraction, three solvents were used in the extraction process. The results showed that a mixture of water‐methanol (1:1 v/v) as extracting solvent is the best solvent and yields about 14 per cent tannin based on dry weight of bark. For producing tannin phenol formaldehyde adhesive, 10 per cent, 20 per cent and 30 per cent (based on PF dry weight) of PF, substituted with natural extracted tannin. For evaluating PFT performance effects of percentage amount of substitution tannin content on the gel time, viscosity, pH, and density of adhesives were evaluated. Based on emission test (JIS A 1460‐2001) formaldehyde emission of PFT 10 per cent, 20 per cent and 30 per cent were 1.13, 1.12 and 0.4 mg/100 g, which is very low compared with tannin‐free PF.
Research limitations/implications
Tannin‐PF adhesive compared to PF adhesive had lower PH, higher viscosity and shorter gel time.
Practical implications
The method developed provides a simple and excellent renewable resource “tannin” which can be used or partially substituted in phenol formaldehyde adhesive.
Originality/value
Results showed that replacing PF for tannin reduces modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) slightly but has significant effects on IB, water absorption and thickness swelling.
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This paper aims to evaluate the financial performance of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange by using negative data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the financial performance of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange by using negative data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the financial metrics for performance evaluation were extracted and then filtered based on the experts’ opinions. Upon choosing the appropriate financial measures, the financial information of 72 companies selected from four automotive, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and cement industries were collected, and the criteria values were also measured. The financial performance of selected companies was assessed using negative data bounded adjusted measure in the DEA, and efficient and inefficient companies were identified. Finally, the efficient companies were ranked using Andersen and Petersen model.
Findings
The required analysis was conducted, and the financial performance of selected companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange was evaluated. There were 58 efficient companies with a performance value of 1; 14 companies became inefficient because the efficiency size was less than 1; therefore, reference units were also introduced to the managers for efficiency of inefficient companies.
Originality/value
The aim of this study was to identify the required financial criteria and to determine an appropriate model for performance evaluation based on negative DEA. The findings can help shareholders to identify efficient companies and make the optimal portfolio accordingly; the managers of inefficient companies can also take the proper reforming actions to improve efficiency.
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Monideepa B. Becerra, Devin Arias, Leah Cha and Benjamin J. Becerra
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of low self-esteem among college students and how exogenous and endogenous factors, such as experiences of discrimination…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of low self-esteem among college students and how exogenous and endogenous factors, such as experiences of discrimination and psychological distress, respectively, impact such an outcome.
Design/methodology/approach
General education courses were used to conduct a quantitative cross-sectional study among undergraduate college students. The primary outcome variable of interest in this study was self-esteem, which was measured using the Rosenburg’s self-esteem scale. Primary independent variable was psychological distress (measured using Kessler 6 scale). Discrimination experiences were measured using the Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS). Descriptive, bivariate and multiple linear regressions were conducted to find associations among such variables.
Findings
Among 308 young adults in this study, psychological distress was significantly related to low self-esteem (ß = −6.50, p < 0.001). In addition, increasing EDS score (ß = −0.37, p = 0.019) and women gender (ß = −1.29, p = 0.038) were also associated with low self-esteem.
Research limitations/implications
The study was cross-sectional and thus cannot provide causal relationship. The self-reported data is susceptible to recall bias. College students continue to face negative social experiences that impact their self-esteem, and discrimination plays a substantial role.
Practical implications
Gender-specific self-esteem coaching is needed among college students with psychological distress and among those with experiences of discrimination.
Social implications
The results of the current study provide information for understanding the role of discrimination and psychological well-being on self-esteem of college students, and thus further address the importance of social determinants of health and well-being.
Originality/value
This study provides a unique insight into the disparities faced by college students. Understanding self-esteem at the individualistic and collectivistic levels will allow for the planning and implementation of comprehensive interventions that address gender differences and psychological distress that will increase the positive health outcomes and decrease the negative health outcomes.
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In the literature, soliton solutions of the Heimburg–Jackson model have been proposed by Drab et al. (2022), but for the considered models, i.e. Eq.(1) and Eq.(2), the existence…
Abstract
Purpose
In the literature, soliton solutions of the Heimburg–Jackson model have been proposed by Drab et al. (2022), but for the considered models, i.e. Eq.(1) and Eq.(2), the existence of solitons, the dispersion analysis and the pseudospectral method have been studied (Engelbrecht et al., 2006, 2018, 2020; Tamm et al., 2017, 2022; Peets et al., 2013). Therefore, the gap should be filled by this work.
Design/methodology/approach
When nonlinear terms, dissipative terms and forcing terms are ignored, the system (Eq.(2)) reduces to a single, sixth-order partial differential equation (Tamm et al., 2022). In this work, our aim is to propose analytical solutions in the explicit form via ansatz-based method. Therefore, the parameter effects in wave profile will be proposed clearly in figures.
Findings
While progress has been made in signal propagation in nerves, thanks to many experimental studies and theoretical predictions over the last two centuries, the results obtained in this study may answer new questions that arise.
Originality/value
In the literature, the existence of solitons, dispersion analysis and pseudospectral method have been investigated for the Heimburg-Jackson model (Engelbrecht et al., 2006, 2018, 2020; Tamm et al., 2017, 2022; Peets et al., 2013), and this study fills the gap in soliton solutions. Additionally, when nonlinear terms, dissipative term and forcing terms are ignored, the system (Eq.(2)) reduced to a single equation that is sixth-order partial differential equation (Tamm et al., 2022). In this work, our aim is to propose analytical solutions in the explicit form via ansatz-based method. Therefore, the parameter effects in wave profile will be proposed clearly in figures.
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Dina Kayrbekova, Abbas Barabadi and Tore Markeset
The purpose of this paper is to discuss operation and maintenance challenges under Arctic conditions and to propose a methodology to assess systems' reliability, maintainability…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss operation and maintenance challenges under Arctic conditions and to propose a methodology to assess systems' reliability, maintainability and maintenance costs under the influence of the Arctic operational environment.
Design/methodology/approach
A model is suggested for quantifying maintenance costs while taking into account uncertainty due to lack of appropriate data and operational experience using the proportional hazard model and proportional repair model as well as Monte Carlo simulation.
Findings
The results show that the operating environment has a considerable influence on the number of failures, the maintenance and repair times and consequently on maintenance cost. Forecasting the maintenance costs based on technical characteristics (e.g. reliability and maintainability) and considering the operational environment, as well as including uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulation, provide more trustworthy information in the decision‐making process.
Practical implications
There are few data and little experience available regarding the operation of offshore oil and gas production systems in the Arctic region. Using the available data collected from similar systems, but in a different operational environment, may result in uncertain or incorrect analysis results. Hence, the method that is used for maintenance cost analysis must be able to quantify the effect of the operating environment on the system reliability and maintainability as well as to quantify the uncertainty.
Originality/value
The paper presents a statistical approach that will be useful in predicting maintenance cost considering the lack of appropriate reliability data from equipment operated in Arctic conditions. The approach presented is valuable for the industrial practitioners in the Arctic region, and may also be adapted to other areas where there is lack of data and operational experience.
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Junyu Shi, Shengli Ling, Yinjie Kuang, Yonggang Tong, Yongle Hu and Dunying Deng
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the effect of microstructure on the corrosion behavior of CoCrNi alloy in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the effect of microstructure on the corrosion behavior of CoCrNi alloy in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution.
Design/methodology/approach
The as-cast CoCrNi alloy was prepared by arc melting, and the cold-rolled and annealed alloys were prepared by processing the as-cast alloy.
Findings
The experimental results showed that a protective passivation film was formed on the surfaces of these CoCrNi MEA, and the stability and compactness of alloys increased in the sequence of cold-rolled, as-cast and annealed CoCrNi alloys. The annealed CoCrNi alloys had the best pitting resistance.
Originality/value
This study proposes the effect of the microstructure of CoCrNi alloy on corrosion resistance.
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Mohammad Nazaripour and Babak Zakizadeh
Accountants have a crucial role in organizational decisions, thus, examining their job performance as an organizational behavior is of great importance. Several factors affect the…
Abstract
Purpose
Accountants have a crucial role in organizational decisions, thus, examining their job performance as an organizational behavior is of great importance. Several factors affect the job performance of accountants. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of moral intelligence, emotional intelligence and organizational commitment (OC) on the job performance of accountants.
Design/methodology/approach
This applied research is based on a descriptive survey of professional accountants in the Iranian manufacturing sector using adaptations of questions from existing literature. Data analysis done using structural equation modeling and with the help of SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS version 3 software. The sample size was 335 accountants.
Findings
According to the research findings, moral intelligence, emotional intelligence and OC had a significant direct effect on the job performance of accountants. Moreover, OC mediated the relationship between moral and emotional intelligence with job performance of accountants.
Originality/value
In today’s business environment, human resources are key in gaining a competitive advantage. Therefore, promoting features such as moral intelligence, emotional intelligence and OC are important in gaining a competitive advantage, through improving employees’ job performance.
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Low self-esteem is common in people with learning disabilities. There is limited research examining the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focused on low…
Abstract
Purpose
Low self-esteem is common in people with learning disabilities. There is limited research examining the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focused on low self-esteem within this client group. The purpose of this paper is to add to the limited evidence by describing the use of CBT focused on low self-esteem for a person with a learning disability in the context of emotion regulation difficulties.
Design/methodology/approach
An individual case study design was used, with repeated quantitative measures to monitor progress during weekly individual psychology sessions.
Findings
There was a reduction in the client’s feelings of anger and an increase in their self-esteem.
Research limitations/implications
Further studies and follow-up would determine longevity of benefits. The inclusion of distress tolerance techniques may have impacted on the findings and limits the conclusions that can be drawn about the impact of CBT focused on low self-esteem.
Originality/value
This case study could make a small contribution to the evidence base for the effectiveness of CBT-based treatments for low self-esteem in people with learning disabilities, which is an under-researched area.