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Book part
Publication date: 31 July 2008

William N. Butos

Entrepreneurship, Money, and Coordination begins with a single page introduction by the editor, Jurgen Backhaus, a well known economist now at the University of Erfurt, in which…

Abstract

Entrepreneurship, Money, and Coordination begins with a single page introduction by the editor, Jurgen Backhaus, a well known economist now at the University of Erfurt, in which we learn that the contribution by Horst Feldmann (Hayek's theory of cultural evolution: A critique of the critiques) provided the impetus for the book's remaining six chapters, a mélange of papers by Brian J. Loasby,1 Jurgen G. Backhaus, Christian Schubert, Alexander Ebner, Martin T. Bohl and Jens Holscher, and Walter W. Heering. Unfortunately, the papers assembled here do not cohere well and in some instances are not altogether “reader-friendly.” The papers by Bohl and Holscher (a six-page overview and econometric analysis of Hayek's theory of competing currencies) and Heering (on monetary theory) seem rather disconnected from the main theme of the book. Surprisingly, Backhaus’ “Introduction” does not provide a useful integrating overview of the book's subject matter and papers, something readers surely would have appreciated from so eminent a scholar.

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A Research Annual
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84663-904-3

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1989

Jürgen G. Backhaus

It is proposed that social economics is in danger of losing itssocietal significance if economic analysis is reduced to one methodonly. Recently, prominent economists have…

599

Abstract

It is proposed that social economics is in danger of losing its societal significance if economic analysis is reduced to one method only. Recently, prominent economists have emphasised the need to reintroduce the historical method into economic research work. A brief look is taken at some of the seminal examples of historical work in economics, particularly the German historical school. Other areas discussed include the scope and consequences of neglect of historical methods in contemporary economics; an outline of Schmoller′s work as an example of a historical social economist; and how Schmoller′s work compared with that of his contemporaries. The article concludes with a plea for a renewed emphasis on historical methods in economics.

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International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 16 no. 9/10/11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1993

Jurgen G. Backhaus

Friedrich Althoff (1839‐1908), who created the “Althoffsystem”, has had a singularly important influence on shapingacademic institutions in Germany for almost a generation. As a…

2494

Abstract

Friedrich Althoff (1839‐1908), who created the “Althoff system”, has had a singularly important influence on shaping academic institutions in Germany for almost a generation. As a close collaborator of leading German scholars his influence lasted almost throughout the second empire (1882‐1907). He has been described as brilliant by some and disastrous by others. Recent advances in the new institutional economics and the economic analysis of the organization of inquiry, as well as better access to the archival materials, have created the possibility of arriving at a clearer picture of the Althoff system. Is a first attempt at an economic analysis of the Althoff system; therefore should be viewed as an exploratory essay. In particular, addresses three questions: What precisely was the Althoff system? How can we go about analysing the system? How did the system function and perform? The essay has five substantive parts: first, offers a brief introduction to science research as it is currently practised in economics; second, introduces the historical record and the main criticism levelled against the system and offers a stylized description of the Althoff system in terms of emphasizing key features; third, subjects the stylized features of the system to economic analysis, relying heavily on the property rights theory of the firm and treating the university as an economic institution; fourth, takes a slightly different approach by applying Gordon Tullock′s analysis of the organization of inquiry to the Althoff system; fifth, offers a summary of the findings and an economic definition of the Althoff system.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 20 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1988

Jürgen G. Backhaus and Jacob J. Krabbe

In this essay we set out to show that Henry George's basic approach to economic thinking is very timely in the light of some pressing problems currently experienced by Western…

34

Abstract

In this essay we set out to show that Henry George's basic approach to economic thinking is very timely in the light of some pressing problems currently experienced by Western industrialised nations. The paper essentially makes two contributions. The first three sections are designed to show what Henry George's contribution consisted of and how it stands up in the light of contemporary economic thinking. Ultimately, our claim of Henry George's timeliness can only be tested by attempting to show what it can accomplish in trying to deal with a contemporary problem. We take the current clean‐up efforts in the context of the American Superfund programme as our point of departure and suggest how a Georgian approach to industrial siting might result in a more economical use of natural resources, rendering efforts such as the Superfund superfluous in the future. Obviously, before implementing a Georgian system, a phase of transition would be necessary, depending on the different institutional circumstances, and designed to clean up past and present pollution.

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International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 15 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1996

Jürgen G. Backhaus

Reports that, in 1943, Heinrich Freiherr von Stackelberg (1905‐1946) discussed with an informal group meeting in Freiburg (Breisgau ‐ Germany) “Limits and possibilities of…

443

Abstract

Reports that, in 1943, Heinrich Freiherr von Stackelberg (1905‐1946) discussed with an informal group meeting in Freiburg (Breisgau ‐ Germany) “Limits and possibilities of economic planning”. Explains that the group called after its chairman “von Beckerath Circle” met to discuss problems of demobilization and the post‐Second World War economic order in Germany. States that Stackelberg’s lecture was found among his manuscripts and published after his death. Notes that Stackelberg is generally considered for his contributions to economic theory; little is known about his views on economic policy. Argues that his views on theory and policy were closely linked, however. Gives a concise statement of Stackelberg’s view on the post‐Second World War economic order in Germany. Points out that he argues strongly against (central) planning of the economic process, makes the important ORDO distinction between economic policy instruments compatible and incompatible with a market economy, but he is not a pro‐market economist of the anti‐state type. Explains that the state is assigned a wide range of policy options (in terms of policy instruments compatible with the market economy), ranging from specific forms of price intervention to income policies and extensive forms of taxation.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 23 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2000

Jürgen G. Backhaus

Heinrich von Storch (1766‐1835) can claim a very specific position in the history of political economy. Clearly steeped in Camaralist thought, due to his upbringing and later…

615

Abstract

Heinrich von Storch (1766‐1835) can claim a very specific position in the history of political economy. Clearly steeped in Camaralist thought, due to his upbringing and later scholarly work in Russia, he was primarily interested in the nature and the causes of the wealth of a nation that he considered to be richly endowed with natural resources yet badly lagging in development and the creation of wealth. He therefore laid specific emphasis not only on the processes of production and circulation of goods, but in particular on the cultural environment in which the economic process can take place. From this vantage point, he developed a system of political economy in which he also addressed the issue of which role different methods could play. In this short article, his view on the use of mathematics or algebraic methods in particular is discussed.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 27 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2003

Jürgen G. Backhaus

Mass privatization is one form of changing the property rights regime of formerly publicly‐owned means of production in the former peoples’ republics of Central and Eastern…

811

Abstract

Mass privatization is one form of changing the property rights regime of formerly publicly‐owned means of production in the former peoples’ republics of Central and Eastern Europe. From an economic point of view, the central question at this transition is whether the change in property rights regimes significantly and benevolently affects the governing structure of the assets in question. This short essay attempts to provide a framework which is theoretical enough to guide meaningful questions, and open and naïve enough not to preclude relevant insight. The contribution of this article consists in a theoretically driven questionnaire which, based on the current state of the property rights theory of the firm, the relevant aspects of law and economics as well as financial economics, tries to elicit scholarly information about issues of institutional detail. Ultimately, the aim is to show how the different approaches to mass privatization can be evaluated from the point of view of creating viable governing structures.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 30 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1999

Jürgen G. Backhaus

Understanding chances of reforming the common agricultural policy (CAP) of the European Union, for instance, requires an appreciation of its intellectual roots. Seeking such an…

399

Abstract

Understanding chances of reforming the common agricultural policy (CAP) of the European Union, for instance, requires an appreciation of its intellectual roots. Seeking such an understanding is the purpose of this article, which has the following structure. Next to this introduction and the conclusions at the end, there are three parts. Part I details what an economist may want to know about Count von Kanitz and the context of his political and intellectual work. Part II explains the proposal first by staying close to its original verbiage, then, however, by translating this proposal into modern micro‐economic and public finance analytical terms. Part III gives an account of the scholarly literature on the proposal. The only piece of theoretical and practical relevance is found to be Gustav (von) Schmoller’s article of 1895: this article is briefly summarized and appreciated as being a classic piece in agricultural political economy.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 26 no. 4/5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

Peter R. Senn

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the social question, die soziale Frage, is treated in the periodical literature of English language economics.

805

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the social question, die soziale Frage, is treated in the periodical literature of English language economics.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines every reference to the question in the most important English language economic journals.

Findings

Considering that more than a century has passed, there are few references. By 1900, Anglophone economists virtually lost what little interest they ever had in the social question. Continental European economists have always made up the vast majority of those concerned with the social question. There has never been agreement about what the social question is or how to remedy it. It has always been defined very differently at different times and within and among countries. The political, social, economic and cultural contexts are important determinants of discussions about it and policies to address the social problems to which it refers. In order for a social question to be translated into social reform, specific parts of it must become social problems. Political, cultural and social changes in Europe require entire new ways of thinking about social reform. Reasons for this are discussed.

Originality/value

The paper offers insights into how the social question is treated in English language periodicals.

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Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 33 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Book part
Publication date: 3 May 2007

Abstract

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A Research Annual
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-7623-1422-5

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