Bouketir Omrane, Norman Mariun, Ishak Aris, Senan Mahmoud and Taib Soib
The paper aims to develop a CAD tool power electronics converters.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to develop a CAD tool power electronics converters.
Design/methodology/approach
Integration of knowledge base techniques with OOP paradigm. Using Visual Basis class builder, 15 classes were built to form the kernel of the tool's KB.
Findings
A knowledge‐based CAD tool was developed to ease the design of power electronics converters. It can be considered a learning aid tool too.
Research limitations/implications
The knowledge base of developed tool can be expanded to accommodate large number of topologies. The GUI can be also ameliorated to a better look and interaction process.
Practical implications
With proper enhancements, the purpose of the developed tool can be upgraded from educational one to industrial one.
Originality/value
Beside the methodology, the new thing in the paper is the specificity of the application of the tool (i.e. in power electronics).
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Mohd Fadhli Abd Rashid, Noraliani Alias, Kamarudin Ahmad, Radzuan Sa’ari, Frank Tsung-Chen Tsai, Mohd Zamri Ramli and Zulkiflee Ibrahim
The impact of climate change towards water surface resources is crucial, particularly in developing and non-developing countries. Groundwater as a main water resource is thus an…
Abstract
The impact of climate change towards water surface resources is crucial, particularly in developing and non-developing countries. Groundwater as a main water resource is thus an essential. However, contamination due to hydrocarbon spills affects the groundwater as a water resource, especially as a main source of drinking water. This chapter investigates the light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) penetrations in double-porosity soil with different moisture contents and with or without vibration impact. It also explains the LNAPL penetration phenomena by employing image analysis. The physical laboratory experiments were implemented using an acrylic cylinder, a mirror, toluene and a Nikon D90 DSLR digital camera. Prepared soil was poured in an acrylic cylinder and compressed with compressor until it became 10 cm in height. LNAPL was then poured instantaneously onto the acrylic cylinder that was filled with soil sample. The LNAPL penetration patterns were recorded and monitored using a Nikon D90 DSLR digital camera. The processing technique was conducted at predetermined time intervals using Surfer software and Matlab routine to plot the LNAPL pattern. The results showed that a higher penetration rate of LNAPL occurred with higher moisture content and without vibration impact. The penetration time for LNAPL to reach the bottom of the soil sample was found to be longer for the soil that had low moisture content and with vibration impact.
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Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat Ishak and Fathullah Asni
This paper aims to explore the practical role of maqasid al-Shari’ah in applying fiqh muamalat to the reality of modern banking practices. As the modern financial environment is…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the practical role of maqasid al-Shari’ah in applying fiqh muamalat to the reality of modern banking practices. As the modern financial environment is complicated and not too conducive for Islamic banking operations, a special approach based on maqasid al-Shari’ah is needed to harmonize between revelation and reality.
Design/methodology/approach
The data of this study are obtained through literature and empirical data. As for the empirical, the exploratory qualitative approach is applied in which three members of the Shari’ah Advisory Council (SAC) of Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) as well as three Shari’ah committees (SC) of Islamic Finance Institutions are selected as interviewees. As a result, several themes are defined from the interview data before they are analyzed based on the concept of maqasid al-Shari’ah.
Findings
The findings reveal that several practices are prevalent in developing Islamic banking products, including replicating conventional products to be Islamic ones, imposing wa’ad (unilateral promise) to strengthen the combination of different contracts into one product, and adopting floating rate with ibra’ (rebate) for financing price, which are needed to sustain this industry in modern financial system. In this regard, maqasid al-Shari’ah is applied to reconcile between rulings in fiqh muamalat and banking environments, so that these rulings can be adopted pragmatically without compromising Shari’ah principles.
Research limitations/implications
This study has its limitations, as it focuses on the extent of the role of the maqasid al-Shari’ah in Islamic banking operations, excluding other segments of Islamic finance such as Islamic capital markets and Islamic insurance. Moreover, as data are collected from only six interviewees from SAC and SC of Malaysia, the results cannot be represented for the whole Islamic banking practices of this country.
Practical implications
This study provides several policy recommendations regarding the practice of the maqasid al-Shari’ah in Islamic banking. These may be useful for all Islamic finance players, including regulators and bankers in introducing policies and products in this area.
Social implications
This study has the potential to enhance the confidence of the Muslim community, particularly in Islamic banking to support its existence and practices. The impact of such optimism will lead to an increase in demand for Islamic banking products, hence encouraging Islamic banking to sustain and update its activities in line with maqasid al-Shari’ah.
Originality/value
This paper offers a practical approach as regards to how the maqasid al-Shari’ah can play a significant role in sustaining the Islamic banking industry, particularly in circumstances that are not favorable to its progress. It is indispensable to prevent the Islamic rulings from being diverted in the name of human well-being and to avoid basing them on a literal textual approach. Moreover, as it provides empirical studies on the issue of replication, wa’ad, floating rate and ibra’, the discussion on this subject becomes more practical.
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Hardius Usman, Chairy Chairy and Nucke Widowati Kusumo Projo
The purpose of this study are: to study the difference between halal awareness and halal certified awareness, and the relationship between the two variables; to study the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study are: to study the difference between halal awareness and halal certified awareness, and the relationship between the two variables; to study the differences in knowledge about halal and halal certified, as well as their relationship with halal awareness and halal certified awareness; and to build and test research models regarding factors that affect certified halal awareness.
Design/methodology/approach
The target population is Muslims who live in Indonesia and are 18 years old or more. The self-administered survey method is carried out based on a purposive sampling technique. The authors collect data from 428 Muslim respondents in Indonesia through an online survey. This study applies the partial least square–structural equation model to examine causal relationships and test hypotheses.
Findings
This study reveals several results: halal awareness is a different concept from halal-certified awareness; knowledge of halal is a different concept from knowledge of halal certificates; awareness is an outcome of knowledge, but knowledge is not an outcome of awareness; halal awareness has a significant effect on halal-certified awareness; knowledge about halal certificates has a significant effect on halal-certified awareness, but knowledge about halal does not have a significant effect; knowledge of halal certificates is not influenced by knowledge of halal and halal awareness; and exposure and religious commitment have a significant role in increasing knowledge and awareness.
Originality/value
Research that explores the difference between halal awareness and halal certified awareness, and Muslim knowledge about halal and halal certified, especially in the context of halal-certified food, is still very limited in the literature provided, if not unavailable. Furthermore, this study also builds and tests research models regarding the factors that affect certified halal awareness, which is limited or may not have been found in the literature.
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Hoong Sang Wong and Chen Chen Yong
This chapter provided systematic and comprehensive analysis on trawl fisheries management and conservation measures in the Straits of Malacca. Detailed analysis is conducted on…
Abstract
This chapter provided systematic and comprehensive analysis on trawl fisheries management and conservation measures in the Straits of Malacca. Detailed analysis is conducted on Malaysian fishery management framework particularly domestic country's trawl fishery status, legal structure, input-control strategies, ecosystem protection plan, pollution, law enforcement, and complementary measures that designed to reduce and prevent overfishing in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Malacca Straits. Gaps and challenges found in existing trawl fisheries literature are presented followed by recommendations for improvement in the management and conservation of trawl fisheries.
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Nur Aliza Binti Ahmad and Asmak Ab Rahman
Purpose – This chapter analyses the socio-economic development of the Muslim community in Kelantan through the establishment of the Bazar Wakaf Rakyat (People’s Waqf Bazar)…
Abstract
Purpose – This chapter analyses the socio-economic development of the Muslim community in Kelantan through the establishment of the Bazar Wakaf Rakyat (People’s Waqf Bazar).
Methodology/approach – A qualitative method of data acquisition through interviews. Among the informants interviewed were the authority of waqf matter, the tenants of Bazar Wakaf Rakyat X, the tenants of Bazar Wakaf Y, the committee members of mosque X and local people in Kelantan.
Findings – The research indicates that the Bazar Wakaf Rakyat plays a role in enhancing the economic and spiritual development of the Kelantanese people. Economic development occurs through affordable rental rates, job opportunities, the construction of Bazar Wakaf Rakyat in strategic locations and the types of products being sold. The Bazar Wakaf Rakyat built inside the mosque compound also plays a part in spiritual development.
Originality/value – This chapter is the first to discuss issues relating to Bazar Wakaf Rakyat in Kelantan.
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Dwi Agustina Kurniawati and Hana Savitri
This paper aims to measure and analyze the halal awareness of Indonesian consumers toward halal products. This paper also measures the religious belief, health reason, halal logo…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to measure and analyze the halal awareness of Indonesian consumers toward halal products. This paper also measures the religious belief, health reason, halal logo certification and exposures of Indonesian consumers and tests the correlation between those and halal awareness. The finding can be used as reference for government and halal policymakers related with halal product.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is performed using self-administrated questionnaires and convenience sampling. The questionnaires were distributed for Muslim respondents in Indonesia, male and female, aged 18 up to 60 years old. The data are statistically analyzed by Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation test using SPSS 16.0.
Findings
The study found that halal awareness of Indonesian consumers is very good (very high) with index of 94.91. The halal awareness is supported with very high index of religious belief (96.61), health reason (89.83) and logo certification (84.71), and good index of exposures (78.72). The study also shows that religious belief becomes the most factor that influence the Indonesian halal awareness, followed by health reason then logo certification, while exposure is the least factor influencing the halal awareness.
Originality/value
This research is one of few studies in Indonesian context which is investigating and measuring the index of halal awareness of Indonesian consumers. The study also provided new findings of Indonesian halal awareness influence factors (religious beliefs, health reason, logo certification and exposure); its index and its correlation to the halal awareness level. The result of the study is quite different with other halal awareness studies. Therefore, this paper becomes one of the pioneer for study in the context of Indonesian halal awareness analysis.
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Robert W. Moore and Irene E. Jacobsohn
Most Western nations ascribe to the belief that equal opportunity of the sexes is a worthy objective even if it has rarely been realised in practice. The overriding cause of sex…
Abstract
Most Western nations ascribe to the belief that equal opportunity of the sexes is a worthy objective even if it has rarely been realised in practice. The overriding cause of sex discrimination is the persistence of customs that harken back to an age when work roles were justified by physical differences. This same division of labour can be found in the most economically advanced nations even though technology has supplanted all but a few vestiges of this pre‐industrial argument. The intellectual justification for opening up opportunities for women are remarkably ineffective in the face of sheer habit.
Mas Wahyu Wibowo, Dudi Permana, Ali Hanafiah, Fauziah Sh Ahmad and Hiram Ting
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the variable of halal food knowledge (HFK) into the theory of planned behavior framework to investigate Malaysian non-Muslim consumers’…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the variable of halal food knowledge (HFK) into the theory of planned behavior framework to investigate Malaysian non-Muslim consumers’ decision-making process in purchasing halal food.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through 350 distributed questionnaires toward non-Muslim consumers on five most visited grocery stores (hypermarket-based) in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and SmartPLS.
Findings
Purchasing halal food remain an uneasy task for the non-Muslim consumers, thus rely on their personal evaluation and closest relative’s approval.
Research limitations/implications
This study is focusing only on two halal food credence attributes namely health attribute and animal-friendly attributes.
Practical implications
Both health and animal friendly credence attributes of halal food should be the main message to be conveyed to the non-Muslim consumers. In addition, the inclusion of non-Muslim consumers within the Malaysian halal ecosystem might provide a solution to tackle the resistance of halal food from foreign countries.
Originality/value
The value of this study is the finding of halal food credence attributes of health and animal friendly, which are the dimensions of HFK.