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Before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, most employees worked from their employers' offices, and new team members were integrated into their roles through standard onboarding procedures. However, in response to the pandemic, organizations quickly reestablished new remote onboarding strategies. As hybrid employment gains popularity, the onboarding process has been affected by the digital transformation (DT) phenomenon, and organizations must now implement remote strategies to onboard new employees.

In this context, by considering the major changes that happen in the field, the purpose of this article is to provide a literature review of the onboarding process (OP), using the context-interventions-mechanisms-outcomes framework.

The review identifies four mechanisms describing the complexity of the OP and the impact of DT: basic onboarding, advanced onboarding, integration of newcomers and remote onboarding.

The findings have implications for both HR professionals concerned with onboarding strategy, and researchers studying the OP.

In literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors (CSFs) applicable to all projects. The goal of this research is to validate a theoretical model which considers that CSFs’ influence on project success (PS) is configurational, that CSFs combine to influence PS.

The authors proposed a theoretical framework which operationalizes CSFs considering contingency and institutional theories' terms, as external contingencies, organizational resources and project strategies, which influence PS. The framework is validated through a qualitative approach on 18 social projects implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Based on the conducted semistructured interviews with NGO managers or project managers, 91 instances when CSFs combine to influence PS were identified.

The dominant path reveals the combination of CSFs in terms of strategies adopted to face contingencies (70 instances), another as resources which moderate managers' strategies (14 instances), and in seven instances positive contingencies and resources combine and influence the PS. The results reveal that CSFs combine in reactive and dynamic ways to influence PS.

The research contributes to the vast literature on projects' success by adopting a different perspective. Configurational theory explains project management and projects' complexity better than the traditional approaches, which have a rather correlational perspective.