The purpose of this paper is to highlight how a multinational corporation can fulfill its corporate social responsibility while seeking profit by using Wal‐Mart's recent…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight how a multinational corporation can fulfill its corporate social responsibility while seeking profit by using Wal‐Mart's recent nontraditional banking services as an example.
Design/methodology/approach
A wide gamut of document reviews about migrant workers in the USA and global remittance businesses was used. Remittance cost changes were also tracked among major US remittance operators over the past two years.
Findings
Wal‐Mart's competitive business platform has lowered remittance costs in the USA since it launched the new remittance business two years ago.
Research limitations/implications
In spite of anecdotal evidence, this paper suggests how well‐established multinational business operations can be tools for economic justice across the globe.
Originality/value
This is one of the first reports on the impact of the retailer's nonbanking business on remittance cost and potential for promotion of economic justice for Hispanic/Latino migrants.
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Ahmed Rufai Mohammad and Sirajo Aliyu
This paper aims to empirically investigate the asymmetrical relationship between changes in oil price and the banking stability of the conventional and Islamic banks in the Middle…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to empirically investigate the asymmetrical relationship between changes in oil price and the banking stability of the conventional and Islamic banks in the Middle East and North African (MENA) countries.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper measures banking stability with Z-score and probability of default using the Generalized Method of Moment. This paper selects a sample of conventional and Islamic banks operating within the MENA oil-producing states between 2008 and 2016.
Findings
The result of this paper reveals that the banking stability of the two types of banks responds to positive and negative shocks in oil prices. Thus, the stability of conventional banks is slightly better than that of Islamic banks in the region. Consequently, this paper also reveals that bank capitalization improves with the banking stability of the two banking systems in the region.
Practical implications
The findings of this paper will help the banks in the MENA oil-producing countries with strategies for improving banking stability during the oil price fluctuations and provide the policymakers with possible time for bank capital reform.
Originality/value
This paper explores the impact of the international oil price shocks on Islamic and conventional banks in one of the essential global oil-producing regions. As such, this paper extends the banking stability literature by accounting for the role of oil shock prices on banking distance and the probability of default. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first investigation of different transmission channels of oil price fluctuations in the region while considering the dual banking system in the hub of Islamic banks.
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Linda Hui Shi, Annie Peng Cui and Stacey Fitzsimmons
This research examines whether conflicting multicultural identities may influence counterfeit consumption behavior by examining how monocultural and multicultural consumers…
Abstract
Purpose
This research examines whether conflicting multicultural identities may influence counterfeit consumption behavior by examining how monocultural and multicultural consumers process shame and guilt differently depending on their cultural identities. It explores how consumers’ moral emotions after buying counterfeit goods can lead to regret and reduce their likelihood of buying such goods in the future.
Design/methodology/approach
This research employs a multimethod, multi-sample approach with 1,694 respondents across multiple cultures to test our hypotheses. Study 1 is survey research with overseas Chinese consumers and monocultural Chinese consumers, and Study 2 is a randomized block experiment with a European multicultural sample. This design allowed us to test both mediation and moderation hypotheses, validating the effects of shame and guilt on post-purchase regret across diverse multicultural settings.
Findings
Study 1 shows that cultural identity conflict (CIC) weakens the main effects of shame and guilt on counterfeit post-purchase regret. Study 2 shows that under artificially high levels of shame and guilt, CIC no longer weakens the effects of either shame or guilt on post-purchase regret, further confirming these main effects on counterfeit post-purchase regret. Furthermore, Study 2 demonstrates that, in a natural setting without manipulation, CIC weakens the main effects of shame and guilt on post-purchase regret, further supporting CIC’s moderating effect.
Originality/value
This study develops a model to examine counterfeit purchasing, going beyond the point of purchase to also consider post-purchase regret and repurchase intentions. It also explores moral emotions and cultural identity factors that can discourage future counterfeit purchases by increasing post-purchase regret. Finally, it investigates how this process may vary between multicultural and monocultural consumers, given their different cultural identities.
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While the current anti-globalisation wave is considered as a regional and cyclical relapse among Western countries, the new era of globalisation has shifted away from stagnant…
Abstract
Purpose
While the current anti-globalisation wave is considered as a regional and cyclical relapse among Western countries, the new era of globalisation has shifted away from stagnant developed economies towards the rising prosperity of emerging Asia, where it is attracting substantial global inward foreign direct investment (FDI). Focussing on Vietnam, the country that is seen as Asia’s next economic tiger, the question of how important intellectual properties (IP) protection is in the international competition for FDI inflows is still unsettled, especially on the under-researched topic of trademarks.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper takes on the business history approach, which allows rich evidence from the dynamic and evolving natures of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to drive the research process, so that international business scholars can test models rigorously. The evidence provided in this paper is essentially qualitative and combines trademark registrations data, with trade and FDI statistics between 1986 and 2016, also draws on companies’ archives, industry reports and related newspaper articles.
Findings
This paper provides the chronology of intellectual property right (IPR) legal landscapes and the dynamic co-evolution of trademarks and FDI inflows in Vietnam. Three trademark protection strategies for MNEs and their patterns here are addressed. The paper also argues that trademarks bring new insights and IP protection strategy for pharmaceutical MNEs for the case of Vietnam is as important in trademarks as it is in patents. In emerging markets with strong incentives for FDI such as Vietnam, MNEs are not necessarily put off by weak IPR, but rather create alternative strategies for dealing with the lack of IP protection in these emerging market settings.
Originality/value
This study challenges the stream of thoughts that view trademarks as a “neglected intangible asset” among different IPRs, while in fact, trademarks advance MNEs’ knowledge by ensuring competitiveness and long-run survival in emerging markets. This paper is among the first few attempts to look at pharmaceutical industry through the lens of trademarks, moving away from the traditional patent-focussed approach. It extends the understanding of OLI paradigm and highlights that MNEs need to possess Oa and Op advantages not only at the beginning of internationalisation process but rather evolving through the time to cope with imitation risks in the host country.
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Raymond Adongo and Seongseop Kim
This study aims to examine the extent of collaboration and networking between local festival stakeholders by focusing on the differences in how they evaluate themselves and other…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the extent of collaboration and networking between local festival stakeholders by focusing on the differences in how they evaluate themselves and other stakeholders.
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire directed toward different stakeholder groups involving 1,092 respondents was administered at six selected festivals in Ghana, West Africa.
Findings
In terms of self-evaluated collaboration and networking, the festival organizers considered themselves to have the highest risk, followed by the sponsors and vendors. However, when the stakeholders assessed each other, most agreed that they experienced higher risk when dealing with vendors. To reduce the risks of dealing with vendors, it is recommended that vendors be registered, accredited and allocated selling spaces before festivals begin.
Practical implications
It is helpful to understand the nature of decision power or different views of collaboration and networking among stakeholders. Further, this study offers insights to understand stakeholders’ motivations to participate in local festivals.
Originality/value
The combination of collaboration and networking between local festival stakeholders into a conceptual model allows the current findings to offer meaningful theoretical and practical implications.