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The higher education system must move closer to society and its requirements, and therefore, the process of transformation in the university context brings new challenges. The purpose of this paper is to present research on a case study that examines the perception of the middle managers’ role from their own perspective: how they describe it, the associated tasks, the skills perceived as necessary and what they think about the need to become academic leaders.

The authors have adopted a mixed-method approach. Data were collected through an in-depth interview and an adapted version of the Personal Construct Grid (Kelly, 1955). Two types of analyses have been carried out: statistical analysis and content analysis following a category system. The participants were academics performing a management position selected in accordance with certain criteria relevant for the study.

The research shows how their perception collides with the traditional characteristics of the university, which focus on the managerial and bureaucratic tasks of the middle managers. The study also reveals evidence of the poor visibility of these managers with no place for action due to their lack of power and decision-making opportunities.

The participants claim that it is necessary for people who hold the position to become agents of change by creating a shared identity through teamwork and collaboration. To this end, this paper presents a proposal for the development of a framework for action.

The purpose of this study is to analyze environmentally responsible tourist behavior in a socially responsible destination. Specifically, this study explores the relationship between destination social responsibility and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) using the stimulus–organism–response model as a theoretical framework.

The research sample is composed of Spanish tourists over 18 years of age who have visited one of the selected urban tourist destinations: Malaga, Barcelona, Madrid, Palma de Mallorca and Bilbao; therefore, all participants confirmed having visited one or more of the above destinations and coming from a different place, thus confirming that in no case were they residents. Data collection used a non-probabilistic sampling method with quotas reflecting the demographic makeup of the Spanish population. Information was gathered in July 2023 through an online survey using a structured questionnaire. Before the main study, a pilot investigation ensured the reliability and clarity of the measurement scales.

It is concluded that the proposed behavior model is satisfactory and allows for explaining the ERB of tourists, whose main determinants are place attachment, perception of the destination’s social responsibility, environmental concern and perceived effectiveness.

The main contribution expected from this study is the proposal of a conceptual model, in the environment of socially responsible destinations, that allows for the completion of the proposals made in the specific literature on ERB in the context of urban tourism.

本研究探讨在具有社会责任关注的城市旅游目的地中, 游客的环保行为, 并提出了基于“刺激-有机体-反应”（SOR）框架的概念模型。研究旨在识别目的地社会责任（DSR）、环境关注、地方依恋和感知效能如何影响游客的环保行为（ERB）。

通过在线问卷调查收集了400名访问过西班牙五个城市旅游目的地的西班牙游客的数据。采用结构方程模型（SEM）验证提出的模型并测试假设。构念通过可靠且验证过的量表进行测量, 以确保数据质量。

结果证实了SOR框架中的关系：DSR对环境关注、地方依恋和感知效能有正向影响。环境关注和地方依恋在DSR对ERB的影响中起中介作用。研究强调了地方依恋和感知效能作为关键因素, 将环境关注转化为环保行为。提出的模型解释了ERB方差的64.5%。

本研究扩展了在城市旅游情境中对环保行为的理解, 强调了DSR作为情感和行为结果催化剂的作用。通过将多种理论视角整合到统一模型中, 该研究为城市目的地如何利用社会责任促进可持续发展和游客参与提供了新的见解。

Este estudio investiga el comportamiento turístico ambientalmente responsable en destinos urbanos con un enfoque en la responsabilidad social, proponiendo un modelo conceptual basado en el marco de Estímulo-Organismo-Respuesta (SOR). La investigación tiene como objetivo identificar cómo la responsabilidad social del destino (DSR), la preocupación ambiental, el apego al lugar y la percepción de eficacia influyen en el comportamiento ambientalmente responsable (ERB) de los turistas.

Se recopilaron datos mediante una encuesta en línea realizada a 400 turistas españoles que visitaron cinco destinos urbanos en España. Se utilizó modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para validar el modelo propuesto y probar las hipótesis. Los constructos se midieron utilizando escalas confiables y validadas para garantizar la calidad de los datos.

Los resultados confirman las relaciones dentro del marco SOR: la DSR influye positivamente en la preocupación ambiental, el apego al lugar y la percepción de eficacia. La preocupación ambiental y el apego al lugar median el efecto de la DSR en el ERB. El estudio destaca el apego al lugar y la percepción de eficacia como factores críticos que transforman la preocupación ambiental en comportamiento ambientalmente responsable. El modelo propuesto explica el 64,5% de la varianza del ERB.

Esta investigación amplía la comprensión del comportamiento ambientalmente responsable en contextos de turismo urbano, enfatizando el papel de la DSR como un catalizador de resultados emocionales y conductuales. Al integrar diversas perspectivas teóricas en un modelo unificado, el estudio ofrece nuevos conocimientos para que los destinos urbanos aprovechen la responsabilidad social en la promoción de la sostenibilidad y el compromiso turístico.