A series of tests has been carried out by the French Oceanographic Research Centre on coatings based on neoprene and Hypalon synthetic rubbers. Five types of coatings were tested…
Abstract
A series of tests has been carried out by the French Oceanographic Research Centre on coatings based on neoprene and Hypalon synthetic rubbers. Five types of coatings were tested, being immersed in sea‐water and exposed to sea air and spray. The tests were carried out at two marine corrosion stations, one at La Rochelle on the Atlantic Coast and the other at Abidjan on the Ivory Coast of West Africa. The following report describes the nature of these tests and the conclusions drawn.
Brightening solutions for aluminium. The chemical brightening of aluminium in mixtures based on phosphoric acid formed the subject of a series of experiments in which commercial…
Abstract
Brightening solutions for aluminium. The chemical brightening of aluminium in mixtures based on phosphoric acid formed the subject of a series of experiments in which commercial purity aluminium panels were used in order to assess the influence of the aluminium content of the bath, and the effect of temperature upon the amount of metal removed. Four mixtures were employed: phosphoric‐sulphuric acid, phosphoric‐sulphuric‐nitric acid, phosphoric‐acetic‐nitric acid and phosphoric acid‐water‐nitric acid. If a highly specular finish is required, then the presence of about 5% (by volume) of nitric acid is essential. Acetic acid reduces the tendency for the rate of attack to increase with temperature, while water increases the maximum aluminium content which can be tolerated before the bath becomes unusable. Weight loss‐time curves are given for S1, S1B, S1C, NS4, HS10WP, HS15W and an Al (99.99%), 1.25% Mg, alloy treatment times up to 5 min. in the four solutions investigated. Except for HS15W, the response was found to be good for most materials, but a loss of brightness occurred with the lower‐purity materials on anodising.— (A. W. Brace and T. S. de Gromoboy, Trans. Inst. Met. Finishing, 1956, 33, advance copy No. 2.)
Lawrence C. Hamilton, David E. Rohall, Benjamin C. Brown, Gregg F. Hayward and Barry D. Keim
New Hampshire’s mountains and winter climate support a ski industry that contributes substantially to the state economy. Through more than 70 years of history, this industry has…
Abstract
New Hampshire’s mountains and winter climate support a ski industry that contributes substantially to the state economy. Through more than 70 years of history, this industry has adapted and changed with its host society. The climate itself has changed during this period too, in ways that influenced the ski industry’s development. During the 20th century, New Hampshire’s mean winter temperature warmed about 2.1° C (3.8° F). Much of that change occurred since 1970. The mult‐decadal variations in New Hampshire winters follow global temperature trends. Snowfall exhibits a downward trend, strongest in southern New Hampshire, and also correlates with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Many small ski areas opened during the early years while winters were cold and snowy. As winters warmed, areas in southern or lowelevation locations faced a critical disadvantage. Under pressure from both climate and competition, the number of small ski areas leveled off and then fell steeply after 1970. The number of larger, chairliftoperating ski areas began falling too after 1980. Aprolonged warming period increased the importance of geographic advantages, and also of capital investment in snowmaking, grooming and economic diversification. The consolidation trend continues today. Most of the surviving ski areas are located in the northern mountains. Elsewhere around the state, one can find the remains of “lost” ski areas in places that now rarely have snow suitable for downhill skiing. This case study demonstrates a general approach for conducting integrated empirical research on the human dimensions of climate change.
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Discusses the efficiency of a cybernetic approach to non‐oscillatory luminescence processes, generated by perturbed biosystems, and applies it to oscillatory luminescence…
Abstract
Discusses the efficiency of a cybernetic approach to non‐oscillatory luminescence processes, generated by perturbed biosystems, and applies it to oscillatory luminescence processes. Constructs multiplicative stochastic models of oscillatory bio‐ and chemiluminescence processes, generated by some perturbed/stimulated biosystems (a temperature‐stimulated soybean root system, light‐stimulated microporocytes of larch, antiviral drug‐treated vero cells infected by Herpes simplex virus). Determines a correlation structure for these models by analysing their transfer functions. Uses the memory function approach to compare and contrast the oscillatory processes with their non‐oscillatory analogs. Formulates a hypothesis about the dependence between the persistence and the oscillatory behaviour of biosystems and proposes stochastic perturbation measures founded on those multiplicative models.