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Three methods are presented for the approximate prediction of losses in laminated transformer cores. The input data of the calculations are the field distribution obtained by a FEM code assuming the laminated core as a homogeneous medium that conductivity is zero in the direction perpendicular to the lamination. These data are processed by the developed methods to obtain an agreeable approximation of the power losses in the transformer plate. For each approach the same benchmark problem is solved to exploit the properties of the approaches. The goal of the presented study is to select the most suitable method that can be used as a postprocessor of a FEM code.

The study sets out to examine how male and female managers in general and male and female municipal executives in particular are evaluated by the members of the organisation.

The study presented used the methodology of focus group discussion.

The results show that employees clearly had different expectations regarding the characteristics of male and female executives. The most negative image of female executives emerged in the group of men. However, even female office managers tended to mention numerous negative features of women executives, and seemed to prefer men in executive positions.

The research involved four focus group sessions at the municipality in the autumn of 2004, consequently the research results cannot be generalised.

This paper contributes to the limited number of academic literature on female executives in Hungary, and explores the deep prejudices against women in leading positions.