This study aims to intend to investigate the dynamic causality and asymmetric relationships between corruption and economic growth of Nigeria.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to intend to investigate the dynamic causality and asymmetric relationships between corruption and economic growth of Nigeria.
Design/methodology/approach
Toda–Yamamoto (TY) Dynamic Causality Test and Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (NARDL) were used for the estimations, for the period 1984–2018.
Findings
The result reveals the existence of bidirectional causality between control of corruption and economic growth, Similarly, in both the short run and long run, corruption can affect economic growth and economic growth can as well affects corruption.
Research limitations/implications
Findings of the research are limited to Nigeria whose data were used, based on TY causality test and NARDL as the econometrics techniques applied, for a period 1984–2018.
Practical implications
For a meaningful progress to be recorded in Nigeria in terms of economic growth, the country must device some means for strengthen the control of corruption.
Originality/value
The study was able to prove empirically, the existence of not only causality between corruption and economic growth but also asymmetric effect of corruption on economic growth and that of economic growth on corruption in both the long run and short run, as against the previous studies that are lopsided on the effect of corruption on economic growth only.
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Ibrahim Abdulhamid, Lokesh Guglani, Jennifer Bouren and Kathleen C Moltz
Annual screening for cystic fibrosis-related-diabetes (CFRD) using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended, but national testing rates are low. The purpose of this paper…
Abstract
Purpose
Annual screening for cystic fibrosis-related-diabetes (CFRD) using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended, but national testing rates are low. The purpose of this paper is to implement the quality improvement (QI) initiative to improve cystic fibrosis (CF) annual screening rates among patients at one CF center.
Design/methodology/approach
To improve screening for CFRD at the CF Center, the authors used the Dartmouth Microsystem Improvement Ramp method and formed a collaborative working group. A process map was created to outline the steps and a fishbone analysis was performed to identify barriers and to utilize resources for implementing new interventions.
Findings
Prior to these interventions, 21 percent of eligible patients had completed annual screening and after the intervention, it rose to 72 percent. The initial completion rate with the first prescription was only 50 percent, but it improved steadily to 54/75 (72 percent) in response to reminder letters sent six weeks after the initial script was given.
Practical implications
Close tracking and reminder letters can improve adherence with annual OGTT screening for CFRD among CF patients, with special emphasis on high-risk patients.
Originality/value
There should be a special emphasis on screening for CFRD in high-risk CF patients (those with low BMI or higher age). This QI initiative brought about several operational changes in the annual OGTT screening process that have now become the standard operating procedure at the center.
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Abraham Falola, Ridwan Mukaila and Kafilat Ololade Abdulhamid
The problem of inaccessibility of finance for farm investment is a common phenomenon among farmers, especially the rural dwellers. Thus, there is a need to know how the…
Abstract
Purpose
The problem of inaccessibility of finance for farm investment is a common phenomenon among farmers, especially the rural dwellers. Thus, there is a need to know how the accessibility of informal finance can be increased to increase farm investment. Therefore, this study evaluates farmers’ access to informal finance and its contribution to farm investment among rural farmers in Northcentral Nigeria.
Design/methodology/approach
A three-stage random sampling technique was employed to select 160 farmers. Primary data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics and the Heckman selection model.
Findings
The study revealed that cooperative society is the major informal means of loan acquisition used by the farmers followed by Rotational Savings and Credit Associations (RoSCAs). Informal loans contributed to agricultural investment through the various operational activities involved in production. Factors influencing farmers’ access to informal loans were the age, farm size and income of the farmers. Interest charged, farmers' age, farming experience, household size, education and loan duration were the drivers of the amount borrowed from the informal financing sector.
Practical implications
The findings of the study call for policies that will sustain informal financial institutions in developing economies, like Nigeria. Thus, the government through its regulatory agencies should assist informal finance providers with the necessary resources to achieve more goals. This is because the informal credit lenders help in bridging financial gaps created by formal financial institutions, such as commercial banks.
Originality/value
Unlike the previous research studies, this study investigated the driving factors of the amount borrowed from informal finance and its use in farm investment.
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Yazhen Sun, Kun Lin, Jinchang Wang, Fengbin Zhu, Longyan Wang and Linhan Lu
Predicting surface settlement at mountain tunnel entrances during construction is increasingly crucial for risk analysis, as the accuracy of these predictions directly impacts…
Abstract
Purpose
Predicting surface settlement at mountain tunnel entrances during construction is increasingly crucial for risk analysis, as the accuracy of these predictions directly impacts collapse risk assessments and personnel safety.
Design/methodology/approach
This study introduces a novel approach using a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network for surface settlement prediction. The PSO algorithm optimizes key hyperparameters of the LSTM model, including the number of hidden layer neurons, the learning rate and L2 regularization, while the Adam optimizer refines LSTM iterations. Dropout is used in combination with adaptive L2 regularization parameters to avoid overfitting situations, and sensitivity analysis of the remaining variables ensures the identification of the optimal solution.
Findings
The model, based on monitoring data from the Aketepu No. 1 Tunnel’s left tunnel, establishes evaluation criteria incorporating error margins and root mean square error (RMSE). By examining the range of maximum (minimum) settlement rates for the cumulative settlement values, the study determined that the section is exposed to an average risk of collapse with slow deformation, which is consistent with actual observations.
Originality/value
This suggests that construction can proceed normally, with appropriate monitoring to mitigate the risk of collapse. The PSO-LSTM forecast model presents a promising approach for predicting collapse risks at mountain tunnel entrances.
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Building on previous historical works, this study aims to develop a framework to represent chambers as meta-organizations and present the case of Dersaadet Chamber of Commerce…
Abstract
Purpose
Building on previous historical works, this study aims to develop a framework to represent chambers as meta-organizations and present the case of Dersaadet Chamber of Commerce (DCC), based on this framework, during its emergence and evolution in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Design/methodology/approach
In the study, a historical narrative was constructed from primary and secondary data. To complement data collected from the archives a systematic content analysis was used to explore the discourse of the chamber within its serial magazine.
Findings
It was found that the first chamber of the Ottoman Empire, DCC, was established according to the public law model as an extension of the economic context and the guild order, and it was observed that it increasingly conformed to this model between 1882 and 1929.
Originality/value
In this study, chamber models are examined for the first time according to the designated features of meta-organizational forms, built on the historical work on chambers. The case of DCC suggested that it adopted a public law model and displayed much continuity, even when significant transitions were observed during the modernization process from Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic.
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Muhamad Mu'izz Abdullah, Abdul Bari Awang and Mohamad Sabri Zakaria
This study aims to analyse the mechanism of trust instrument from a Shariah point of view. Analysis of the mechanism would determine the extent to which its implementation can…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyse the mechanism of trust instrument from a Shariah point of view. Analysis of the mechanism would determine the extent to which its implementation can resolve estate planning issues such as frozen estate and the issue of naming beneficiaries under the age of 18.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative study method through library research. To explore the mechanism of trust instrument, an in-depth interview with five participants using purposive sampling and analyses of documents were used. The selection of this sample allows the researcher to obtain specific data in their field of expertise. Therefore, two officers from the Trust Administration Department of Amanah Raya Berhad (ARB) and three Shariah advisors from ARB (MPS ARB) were interviewed to find out the mechanism of trust instrument from the Shariah perspective. The researcher also referred to the trust deed documents, ARB company policies, field case studies such nomination cases and trust accounts, articles and court cases.
Findings
The trust instrument meets Shariah requirements even though it is based entirely on the Civil Law. The comprehensive and flexible features of trust deeds can help donors to plan systematically during their lifetime.
Research limitations/implications
This study only focuses on the trust instruments that are currently being implemented in the ARB. Five trust products were analysed to achieve the objectives of the study, namely, the Normal Trust, Safecare and Safecare Premium, Takaful Care, Hibah (literally “gift”) as well as Trust and Declaration of Hibah.
Practical implications
The implementation of trust instrument at an early stage can ensure the property is well managed through a trust deed, guarantee the life of the beloved heirs after the death of the donor and prevent the property from being frozen.
Originality/value
This study comprehensively describes the trust instrument from the Shariah perspective and its implementation mechanism in the industry.
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Haruna Babatunde Jaiyeoba, Mohammad Aizat Jamaludin, Saheed Abdullahi Busari and Yusuff Jelili Amuda
This study aims to qualitatively examine the implications of Maqasid al-Shari’ah (objectives of Islamic law) for sustainability practices among businesses. While there is a…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to qualitatively examine the implications of Maqasid al-Shari’ah (objectives of Islamic law) for sustainability practices among businesses. While there is a growing recognition of the importance of adopting an integrated approach to sustainability, several businesses remain focused on profit maximisation at the expense of environmental and social sustainability. As such, there is a need for more studies that emphasise sustainability practices, essentially to expose businesses to the best ways to meet the needs of today without negatively impacting future generations.
Design/methodology/approach
This research used a qualitative research design, and data were collected from Shari’ah scholars. To facilitate data collection, semi-structured interview questions were developed and used to conduct interviews with ten Shari’ah scholars in Malaysia. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview data collected for this study.
Findings
The results demonstrate that there are ample justifications from a Shari’ah perspective for integrated sustainability practices. Additionally, the study reveals a need for increased awareness regarding the importance of businesses adopting a holistic approach to sustainability through the formulation and implementation of suitable sustainability strategies and ensuring compliance with social and environmental standards.
Research limitations/implications
While this study has primarily adopted a qualitative method to address the implications of Maqasid al-Shari’ah for integrated sustainability practices among businesses, the authors acknowledge that this approach may not capture the full spectrum of quantitative data that could provide a broader statistical perspective on the issue. Hence, future research could incorporate quantitative methods to complement the findings of this study.
Originality/value
This research constitutes an innovative addition to the field of corporate sustainability practices. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no prior studies have extensively explored the intricate intersection of Maqasid al-Shari’ah and integrated corporate sustainability practices as this study has done.
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Husam Ananzeh, Hashem Alshurafat and Khaled Hussainey
This paper aims to examine the drivers of corporate donations in Jordan. In particular, to examine whether firm-specific characteristics and ownership types affect corporate…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the drivers of corporate donations in Jordan. In particular, to examine whether firm-specific characteristics and ownership types affect corporate donations.
Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is based on a sample of 94 Jordanian listed companies, drawn from the manufacturing and service sectors, over the period 2010–2016. This paper uses ordinary least square regression with a year and industry fixed effects to test the research hypotheses.
Findings
This paper finds that corporate philanthropic contributions are positively associated with company size, age, profitability, media exposure and governmental ownership. This paper also finds that corporate philanthropic contributions are negatively associated with financial leverage and family ownership.
Originality/value
The paper provides new evidence on the determinants of corporate philanthropic contributions in a developing country.
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Ali Çağatay Kılınç, Emre Er and Kadir Beycioğlu
The issue of training and appointment of school administrators has consumed substantial attention from educational scholars for several decades. The literature has witnessed a…
Abstract
The issue of training and appointment of school administrators has consumed substantial attention from educational scholars for several decades. The literature has witnessed a growing amount of research effort in investigating and identifying the effective ways of training and appointing school principals. However, there are also political, social and cultural aspects to this endeavour, which potentially influences the practices pertaining to training and appointment of school principals. This chapter represents scholarly efforts to discuss issues on the training and appointment of school administrators in Turkey within its historical and political background. Thus, first, it focuses on the historical journey of the field of educational administration in Turkey. This journey has been categorised under three phases: The Ottoman Era, Early Years of Turkish Republic and the 1950s Onwards. Second, this chapter discusses school principalship in Turkey with a specific focus on political and legal dimensions. Finally, the chapter ends with an overall evaluation of the practices and policies pertaining to school administration curriculum in Turkey.