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The purpose of this paper is to provide a method for determining the numerical solutions of the thermal damage of cylindrical living tissues using hyperbolic bioheat model. Due to the complex governing equation, the finite element approach has been adopted to solve these problems. To approve the accuracy of the numerical solution, the numerical outcomes obtained by the finite element approach are compared with the existing experimental study. In addition, the comparisons between the numerical outcomes and the existing experimental data displays that the present mathematical models are efficient tools to evaluate the bioheat transfer in the cylindrical living tissue. Numerical computations for temperatures and thermal damage are presented graphically.

In this section, the complex equation of bioheat transfer based upon one relaxation time in cylindrical living tissue is summarized by using the finite element method. This method has been used here to get the solution of equation (8) with initial conditions (9) and boundary conditions (10). The finite element technique is a strong method originally advanced for numerical solutions of complex problems in many fields, and it is the approach of choice for complex systems. Another advantage of this method is that it makes it possible to visualize and quantify the physical effects independently of the experimental limits. Abbas and his colleagues [26-34] have solved several problems under generalized thermoelastic theories.

In this study, the different values of blood perfusion and thermal relaxation time of the dermal part of cylindrical living tissue are used. To verify the accuracy of the numerical solutions, the numerical outcomes obtained by the finite element procedure and the existing experimental study have been compared. This comparison displays that the present mathematical model is an effective tool to evaluate the bioheat transfer in the living tissue.

The validation of the obtained results by using experimental data the numerical solution of hyperbolic bioheat equation is presented. Due to the nonlinearity of the basic equation, the finite element approach is adopted. The effects of thermal relaxation times on the thermal damage and temperature are studied.

The purpose of this study is to use the generalized model for thermoelastic wave under the dual phase lag (DPL) model to compute the increment of temperature, the components of displacement, the changes in volume fraction field and the stress components in a two-dimensional (2D) porous medium.

Using Fourier and Laplace transformations with the eigenvalue technique, the exact solutions of all physical quantities are obtained.

The derived method is evaluated with numerical results, which are applied to the porous medium in a simplified geometry.

Finally, the outcomes are graphically represented to show the difference among the models of classical dynamical coupled, the Lord and Shulman and DPL.

The purpose of this paper is to study the wave propagation in a porous medium through the porothermoelastic process using the finite element method (FEM).

One-dimensional (1D) application for a poroelastic half-space is considered. Due to the complex governing equation, the finite element approach has been adopted to solve these problems.

The effect of porosity and thermal relaxation times in a porothermoelastic material was investigated.

The numerical results for stresses, displacements and temperatures for the solid and the fluid are represented graphically. This work will enable future investigators to have the insight of nonsimple porothermoelasticity with different phases in detail.

The purposes of this study, a generalized model for thermoelastic wave under three-phase lag (TPL) model is used to compute the increment of temperature, the components of displacement, the changes in volume fraction field and the stress components in a two-dimension porous medium.

By using Laplace-Fourier transformations with the eigen values methodologies, the analytical solutions of all physical variables are obtained.

The derived methods are estimated with numerical outcomes which are applied to the porous media in simplified geometry.

Finally, the outcomes are represented graphically to display the difference among the models of the TPL and the Green and Naghdi (GNIII) with and without energy dissipations.

The purposes of this study, a mathematical model of generalized thermoelastic theory subjected to thermal loading is presented to study the wave propagation in a two-dimensional porous medium.

By using Fourier–Laplace transforms with the eigenvalue approach, the physical quantities are analytically obtained.

The derived method is evaluated with numerical results, which are applied to the porous medium in simplified geometry.

Numerical outcomes for all the physical quantities considered are implemented and represented graphically. The variations of temperature, the changes in volume fraction field, the displacement components and the stress components have been depicted graphically.

The purpose of this paper is to study the wave propagation in a non-homogenous semiconducting medium through the photothermal process using the fractional order photo-thermoelastic without neglecting the coupling between the plasma and thermoelastic waves that photogenerated through traction free and loaded thermally by exponentially decaying pulse boundary heat flux.

The analytical solutions in the transformed domain by the eigenvalue approach were observed through the transform techniques of Laplace.

Silicon-like semiconductor was used to achieve the numerical computations.

Some comparisons are shown in the figures to estimate the effects of the fractional order and non-homogeneous parameters.

Najib Mahfuz is the first Arab‐language author to win the Nobel Prize in literature. Born in 1911 the son of a middle‐class Jamaliyah merchant, he became the most popular novelist in Egypt and the Arab countries.

This research aimed to study the impact of compensation on employee retention and turnover intentions among healthcare employees. The study also tested the mediation role of job satisfaction in the relationship.

In the present study, self-administrated questionnaires were distributed among 600 doctors working in public hospitals of Pakistan, following stratified sampling. The data analysis was conducted through SPSS and smart-PLS.

Results of the present study supported all the hypotheses (H1–H7), such as the significant relationship of compensation with employee retention and turnover intentions. Results further confirmed the mediation effect of job satisfaction between compensation and employee retention as well as compensation and turnover intentions.

This study is useful for policymakers and organizational managers since the study provides guidelines on employee retention and high turnover intentions and how these factors are influenced by improved compensation.

This study sheds light on the relationship of compensation together with employee retention and turnover intentions through the mediating role of job satisfaction in healthcare context, which was overlooked in the existing literature.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current gap existing between ethics theorization and enforcement in the Nigerian leadership system.

In an attempt to achieve the objective of the paper, some ethical issues in the Nigerian governance and the several regulatory and enforcement agencies set up to curb ethical menace were critically examined. The achievements of the bodies were also evaluated.

The paper concludes that the apparent gap which continues to exist is not a function of ethical definition but results from challenges in the enforcement which are thematically grouped under leadership, societal and individual variables.

The analysis suggests that bridging the ethical gap in Nigeria depends largely on leadership which must be by example.

This paper presents an invaluable challenge to leadership in Nigeria who must reposition their responsibility.