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The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the contribution of tourism to the development of healthy lives and to promote feelings of well-being for older adults. This is related to the 2030 agenda sustainable development goal (SDG) 3 to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”.

This paper is presented as a conceptual review that will bridge the research gap between tourism and demography and will focus on travel for older tourists that supports a healthy lifestyle and helps to develop positive feelings of well-being.

The aging population and changing demographic structure will present both possibilities and difficulties for the economy, services and society. Developing innovative ways to assist people to remain active as they age is important, as well as providing measures to combat loneliness is paramount. Tourism and travel can play a significant role to achieve this SDG.

A theoretical framework was developed to acknowledge the four contributions (from a physical, psychological [or intellectual], social and spiritual perspective), organizing the findings into a holistic model of health and wellness, which helped to delineate the research. There is a need for a deeper comprehension of a strategy to promote the benefits of leisure travelling that are linked to active ageing and well-being.

Destination Marketing Organizations and Tourism marketers need to carefully consider the challenges and implications and identify the key drivers that will be vital to propose strategic solutions and innovations to meet the future demands and expectations of older people in an ageing society. Destination management organizations need to promote and plan “memorable experiences” for older tourists that emphasize the physical health benefits, especially if it is feasible in a natural setting.

Social experiences are essential in older people’s lives that can help them avoid feelings of depression and isolation. The transformative promise of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its SDGs identify key drivers to propose strategic solutions and innovations to meet the future demands and expectations of older people in an ageing society.

This study provides a qualitative overview of extant literature, examining the role of tourism from a physical, psychological (or intellectual), social and spiritual perspective that has proved important in promoting a healthy lifestyle as well as creating positive feelings of well-being for older travellers. It also offers future directions and builds theory through a holistic model of the dimensions of wellness. Further, it proposes future research priorities related to older individuals that are linked to healthy lifestyles, which include tourism experiences.

本研究的目的是全面回顾旅游业对发展健康生活和促进老年人的幸福感的贡献。这与2030年议程中的可持续发展目标3 “确保所有年龄段的人都能过上健康的生活并促进其福祉 “有关。

本文是一个概念性评论, 它将弥合旅游和人口学之间的研究差距, 并将重点关注支持健康生活方式和帮助发展积极幸福感的老年游客旅行。

人口老龄化和人口结构的变化将为经济、服务和社会带来可能性和困难。开发创新的方法来帮助人们在年老时保持活跃是很重要的, 同时提供措施来消除孤独感也是重要的。旅游和旅行可以在实现这一可持续发展目标方面发挥重要作用。

本研究对现有文献进行了定性概述, 从身体、心理（或智力）、社会和精神角度研究了旅游的作用, 证明了旅游在促进健康生活方式以及为老年旅行者创造积极的幸福感方面的重要性。它还提供了未来的方向, 并通过健康维度的整体模型建立了理论。此外, 它提出了与老年人有关的未来研究重点, 这些研究与健康的生活方式有关, 其中包括旅游体验。

El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar una revisión exhaustiva de la contribución del turismo al desarrollo de vidas saludables y a la promoción de sentimientos de bienestar para los adultos mayores. Esto se relaciona con el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 3 de la Agenda 2030 de “garantizar una vida sana y promover el bienestar para todas las personas en todas las edades”.

Este trabajo se presenta como una revisión conceptual que salvará la brecha de investigación entre el turismo y la demografía y se centrará en los viajes de los turistas mayores que apoyan un estilo de vida saludable y ayudan a desarrollar sentimientos positivos de bienestar.

El envejecimiento de la población y el cambio de la estructura demográfica presentarán tanto posibilidades como dificultades para la economía, los servicios y la sociedad. Es importante desarrollar formas innovadoras para ayudar a las personas a mantenerse activas a medida que envejecen, así como proporcionar medidas para combatir la soledad es primordial. El turismo y los viajes pueden desempeñar un papel importante en la consecución de este ODS.

Este estudio proporciona una visión cualitativa de la literatura existente, examinando el papel del turismo desde una perspectiva física, psicológica (o intelectual), social y espiritual que ha demostrado ser importante en la promoción de un estilo de vida saludable, así como en la creación de sentimientos positivos de bienestar para los viajeros mayores. También ofrece direcciones futuras y construye la teoría a través de un modelo holístico de las dimensiones del bienestar. Además, propone futuras prioridades de investigación relacionadas con las personas mayores que están vinculadas a estilos de vida saludables que incluyen experiencias turísticas.

The aim of this study was to explore resident perceptions of, and engagement with a staged sport event, the Monsoon Cup. The Monsoon Cup is an international yachting regatta which is held annually in Terengganu, Malaysia and is strongly supported by their Federal Government to raise the country’s international profile as a popular sport tourism destination. Previous studies have reviewed residents’ attitudes towards tourism development and the factors that influence their perceptions. However, little research has been conducted on residents’ expectations, interests and needs in terms of a specific mega sport tourism event such as the Monsoon Cup.

A qualitative methodology using semi-structured interviews was the principal means of collecting data. The sample consisted of local residents living in Pulau Duyong, five kilometers from the capital of Terengganu. Thirty-six residents were interviewed with the majority being male (N = 28), with ages ranging from 20 to 73 years. A number of questions were developed and pilot tested before being posed to the study respondents about the annual staging of the Monsoon Cup. NVIVO 9.1 computer software package was used to code, compare and classify the major themes that recurred or were common in the data set.

The findings provided strong support for the critical importance of actively engaging local residents in the staging of such a large-scale event. In the first year of operation, many of the local residents of Pulau Duyong had enthusiastically participated in MC-related activities; however, the level of engagement had declined significantly in the recent years. In the future, every effort must be taken to focus on the development of better lines of communication and information dissemination with respect to the planning and actual staging of the annual event than is currently the case. Practical implications Community feedback suggested that key stakeholders involved in the staging of the Monsoon Cup have a critical role to play in the future in engaging local residents of Pulau Duyong more purposefully in the event itself. Greater effort must be made on the part of event organisers to actively recruit local residents to assist with the event planning, promotion and staging of the regatta. In addition, the distribution of brochures on a periodic basis to convey information about event-related activities and opportunities for community engagement were suggested to be a highly desirable first step.

Community feedback suggested that the event company involved in the staging of the Monsoon Cup had a critical role to play in engaging local residents of Pulau Duyong more purposefully in the event itself. In particular, effort needed to be focussed initially on the development of better lines of communication and information dissemination with respect to the planning and actual staging of the annual event than was currently the case.

This research will be of great benefit to the key stakeholders involved in the staging of the event, which includes local government, the event organisers, tourism professionals and community residents, by providing deeper insights into matters that residents expressed as being important. This will help to ensure that in the future, all stakeholders will be empowered contributors to the ongoing planning and annual staging of this international event.

This paper sets out to answer the following research question: Is nostalgia an important travel motive that helps to explain why older tourists choose a specific sustainable destination?

This paper is a conceptual paper and uses a systematic literature review as the main method of secondary data analysis.

The findings suggest that nostalgia significantly contributes to the overall tourism experience, because older travelers often have a strong sense of nostalgia that dominates their memories and provides a positive view of the past that contributes to a greater sense of continuity and meaning in their lives.

Being a conceptual paper is its limitation in itself. For DMOs and marketers, it is important to understand what are the specific characteristics of a sustainable destination that are likely to serve as a cue for developing nostalgic emotions to help promote it. This can be achieved by designing nostalgic advertisements that are based on the history and cultural uniqueness of tourist attractions that stimulates the older tourists' love of history and culture, to motivate them to visit these sustainable destinations. DMOs need to capitalize on the nostalgic sentiments that are expressed by older tourists themselves that should also be used to promote nostalgia as a marketing strategy to attract potential consumers. To achieve this, potential tourists need to be shown imagery of older adults living their lives to the fullest. These include sharing photos of seniors doing “soft adventure” activities such as kayaking, hiking, and camping as well as other social activities such as dancing, socializing, learning, and cooking as examples of all the activities that older adults used to do when they were younger. Another strategy is for DMOs to use virtual reality trips to demonstrate that nostalgia contributes to sustainable tourism as it can accurately portray a destination’s atmosphere and to include its rich sensorial appeal. Nostalgia that is evoked by virtual reality has also been found to facilitate the marketing of “slow travel”, which encourages experiences of deep cultural exploration which entails choosing slower transportation, thus highlighting environmental consciousness (Juhl and Biskas, 2023). Future studies are needed to investigate how the beneficial effects of nostalgia can be employed to improve the quality of people’s social lives through sustainable tourist experiences.

For DMOs and marketers, it is important to understand what are the specific characteristics of a sustainable destination that are likely to serve as a cue for developing nostalgic emotions to help promote it. This can be achieved by designing nostalgic advertisements that are based on the history and cultural uniqueness of tourist attractions that stimulates the older tourists' love of history and culture, to motivate them to visit these sustainable destinations. DMOs need to capitalize on the nostalgic sentiments that are expressed by older tourists themselves that should also be used to promote nostalgia as a marketing strategy to attract potential consumers. To achieve this, potential tourists need to be shown imagery of older adults living their lives to the fullest. Another strategy is for DMOs to use virtual reality trips to demonstrate that nostalgia contributes to sustainable tourism as it can accurately portray a destination’s atmosphere and to include its rich sensorial appeal.

Raising awareness of ageism and the need to market older individuals in a different way is key.

Nostalgia is related to sustainable tourism, especially to the pillar of social sustainability that helps to bring people together. It is also regarded as one of the main contributing motives behind an older traveler’s choice of a sustainable destination. However, very few studies have acknowledged the importance of nostalgia as a motivation for travel, especially for repeat visitations.

Three senior appointments have been announced in the International Paint Packaging Coatings Division.

There appears to be no empirical-based method in the literature for estimating if an engineering change proposal (ECP) will occur or the dollar amount incurred. This paper aims to present an empirically based approach to address this shortfall.

Using the cost assessment data enterprise database, 533 contracts were randomly selected via a stratified sampling plan to build two regression models: one to predict the likelihood of a contract experiencing an ECP and the other to determine the expected median per cent increase in baseline contract cost if an ECP was likely. Both models adopted a stepwise approach. A validation set was placed aside prior to any model building.

Not every contract incurs an ECP; approximately 80 per cent of the contracts in the database did not have an ECP. The likelihood of an ECP and the additional amount incurred appears to be statistically independent of acquisition phase, branch of service, commodity, contract type or any other factor except for the basic contract amount and the number of contract line item numbers; both of these later variables equally affected the contract percentage increase because of an ECP. The combined model overall bested current anecdotal approaches to ECP withhold.

This paper both serves as a published reference point for ECP withholds in the archival forum and presents an empirically based method for determining per cent ECP withhold to use.

The complexity of customer relationships has been recognized in the relationship marketing literature. Yet, the understanding of how this complexity impacts on the formation and development of different relationship forms is limited. Focusing on the development of customer‐service provider relationships in a financial services context, this paper aims to critically examine the nature and formation of business‐to‐consumer service relationships.

Qualitative methods were employed, with in‐depth interviews undertaken with a sample of UK bank customers.

The complexity of customer relationships was documented by approaching relationships as multidimensional, dynamic and contextual. A relationship typology based on four key relationship components (trust, commitment, buyer‐seller bonds, and relationship benefits) is proposed. This typology suggests that for a relationship to exist it does not necessarily have to encompass an emotional dimension. Moreover, the paper demonstrates the importance of the fit between customers' relational expectations and their experiences with service providers in developing long‐term committed relationships.

The study was limited to the UK context. The extension of this study to other sectors or financial institutions operating in different regulatory and technological environments needs to be tested.

It is crucial that relationships are viewed as multidimensional, taking into account various relationship components. Since different relationship components influence relationships differently, organisations need to develop different relationship marketing strategies for each consumer segment according to consumers' relational expectations.

Building on preceding research, this paper broadens understanding of the complexity of customer‐firm relationships by presenting insight into the affective element of relationships and highlighting the role of the fit between customers' relational expectations and their experiences in relationship development.

The purpose of this paper is to detail the design and first use of a force transducer device to study the development of forces during the laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process from which residual stresses can be inferred.

The proposed novel device consists of an array of load cells for in-situ measurement of forces over time during the L-PBF additive manufacturing process. Measurements of the developed forces layer by layer were recorded in a first build using a 67-degree rotating scan strategy using Inconel 625 build material.

Preliminary experimental results from in-situ measurements using a 67-degree rotating scan strategy showed that the forces induced in the first five layers represented approximately 80% of the maximum on completion of the build and were distributed such as to induce concave deformation of the part, i.e. tension in the centre and compression at the edges of the part.

This paper describes a novel device for in-process measurement of the spatial distribution and time-varying nature of the forces induced during the L-PBF process as well as an evaluation of the residual forces following the completion of the build.