Lina Wakako and Toshiyasu Kinari
The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the influence of pantyhose color on the visually perceived surface roughness of a pantyhose covered leg, and to examine the resultant…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the influence of pantyhose color on the visually perceived surface roughness of a pantyhose covered leg, and to examine the resultant evaluation index.
Design/methodology/approach
A sensory evaluation of the visually perceived surface roughness of a leg model with typical pantyhose of various colors and apparent yarn count was performed among Japanese females along with a statistical analysis. The relationship between the visually perceived surface roughness of the leg with pantyhose and the characteristics of the visual information of the pantyhose which was obtained by image analysis were investigated.
Findings
The color of the pantyhose had a clear influence on the visually perceived surface roughness of a leg with pantyhose. The characteristics of the visual information of the leg with pantyhose, namely, the shape of the histogram on the luminance distribution proved to be useful as the evaluation index of the visually perceived surface roughness.
Originality/value
Development of a novel pantyhose with superior aesthetic performance that meets the requirements of the wearer can be expected to lead to an improvement in the quality and performance of hosiery. This paper provides the quantification of aesthetic performance of pantyhose.
Details
Keywords
Abdul Raouf, Iji Ogawa and Kozi Morooka
Industrial control tasks can also be called Combined Manual and Decision Tasks (CMDT). It is in the performance of such tasks that the human operator is likely to play an…
Abstract
Industrial control tasks can also be called Combined Manual and Decision Tasks (CMDT). It is in the performance of such tasks that the human operator is likely to play an essential role as a decision maker. The findings presented are based on experimental studies in which 20 male subjects performed partial factorial experiments. Models of human performance in a two‐stage CMDT are developed and optimal conditions determined.
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A. Kabe and I. Morooka
Polymer thick film circuits have been used in consumer appliances, a trend that is growing as one of the major technologies in Japan in this field. This paper discloses the state…
Abstract
Polymer thick film circuits have been used in consumer appliances, a trend that is growing as one of the major technologies in Japan in this field. This paper discloses the state of the art of the processes involved along with the main features of the circuits. PTF has established a performance that equals that of the cermet type in some applications, which produces cost advantages for PTF circuits on polymer and/or ceramic substrates for wider applications.
A. Kabe and I. Morooka
The paper describes a newly developed economical method of fabricating multilayers by means of polymeric copper paste, chemical copper and dielectric paste. The parameters…
Abstract
The paper describes a newly developed economical method of fabricating multilayers by means of polymeric copper paste, chemical copper and dielectric paste. The parameters discussed include thermal shock, solder joint strength, electrical performance and environmental studies coupled with the fabrication processes involved in producing high volume PTH multilayer circuits. The materials outlined show the use of polymer copper conductors as the interconnection segment in conjunction with chemical plating and dielectric paste in producing hybrid PCBs with more than two layers of interconnection.
T. Kwikkers, J. Lantaires, R.B. Turnbull, H.T. Law, Barry George and Dave Savage
On 20 April ISHM‐Benelux held its 1988 Spring meeting at the Grand Hotel Heerlen. This meeting was totally devoted to implantable devices, in particular to the technologies used…
Abstract
On 20 April ISHM‐Benelux held its 1988 Spring meeting at the Grand Hotel Heerlen. This meeting was totally devoted to implantable devices, in particular to the technologies used for these high reliability, extremely demanding devices. For this meeting ISHM‐Benelux was the guest of the Kerkrade facility of Medtronic. Medtronic (headquartered in Minneapolis, USA) is the world's leading manufacturer of implantable electronic devices. Apart from the assembly of pacemakers and heart‐wires, the Kerkrade facility acts as a manufacturing technology centre for Medtronic's European facilities.
ZAKEL, E., SIMON, J. and SCHULER, S., Verbindungstechnik in der Elektronik, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 53–57, June (1990) TAB is an attractive microconnecting technology for chips with a…
Abstract
ZAKEL, E., SIMON, J. and SCHULER, S., Verbindungstechnik in der Elektronik, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 53–57, June (1990) TAB is an attractive microconnecting technology for chips with a high number of I/Os. The principles of TAB technology and some new developments are presented. These are concerned with the problems of reducing pressure during gang bonding and the absence of the possibility of bumping single chips. The solutions presented are bonding with a liquid gold‐tin cushion for stress compensation and the application of selective electroless plating solutions for the bumping process. The possibilities of making TAB technology available for small and medium‐size companies are pointed out.
L. Halbo, C.W. Nielsen and S. Nørlyng
The paper gives design guidelines for polymer thick‐film technology (PTF). After an introduction reviewing the main PTF properties, materials and processes, detailed PTF design…
Abstract
The paper gives design guidelines for polymer thick‐film technology (PTF). After an introduction reviewing the main PTF properties, materials and processes, detailed PTF design rules are presented. They are conservative, to achieve high production yield. The design rules are based on the considerable experience in the companies of the authors and of the persons mentioned in the acknowledgements, as well as on information from the open literature and from materials suppliers. The design guidelines are intended primarily for designers, but they are also important for production personnel, to facilitate a close coupling between design and production, and thus provide optimum use of PTF and obtain high production yield.
In this second part of the report on Printed Circuit World Convention IV held at the Tokyo Prince Hotel, Tokyo, from 3–5 June 1987, a general synopsis of the content of the papers…
Abstract
In this second part of the report on Printed Circuit World Convention IV held at the Tokyo Prince Hotel, Tokyo, from 3–5 June 1987, a general synopsis of the content of the papers presented in the eighteen technical sessions will be given. As three sessions were run in parallel throughout the 2½‐day conference, and therefore not all presentations were heard by those reporting on the technical programme, a number of them have been briefly summarised from the Convention Proceedings.
Kaixuan Liu, Jianping Wang and Yan Hong
The purpose of this paper is to find out the main factors that influence wearing comfort and how they influence garment-wearing comfort.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to find out the main factors that influence wearing comfort and how they influence garment-wearing comfort.
Design/methodology/approach
Overall, 120 postures were extracted from the activities of daily life and work. Then, the numerical values of clothing pressure of these postures were measured using three-dimension virtual-reality technology. Finally, the data mining technology was applied to analyze the collected data.
Findings
The wearing comfort of pants is mainly influenced by four factors – waist-hip factor, knee-shank factor, crotch factor and thigh-calf factor – and their contributions account for 39.17, 16.4, 13.96 and 6.95 percent, respectively. Hip, waist, crotch and knee influence wearing comfort significantly, and the part below the knee and the part of back thigh have no obvious effect on wearing comfort. Furthermore, the wearing comfort is acceptable if the numerical clothing pressures are below 20 kPa at the parts of hip, waist and crotch and below 10 kPa at the parts of back thigh, knee and shank.
Originality/value
The paper demonstrates how different human body parts influence garment-wearing comfort. All of the results in this research facilitate pattern design of pants and quantitative evaluation of garment-wearing comfort.
Details
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Peng Gaoliang, Chen Guangfeng and Liu Xinhua
A fixture is a special tool used to accurately and stably locate the workpiece during machining process. Proper fixture design improves the quality and production of parts and…
Abstract
Purpose
A fixture is a special tool used to accurately and stably locate the workpiece during machining process. Proper fixture design improves the quality and production of parts and also facilitates the interchangeability of parts, which is prevalent in much of modern manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to combine the rule‐based reasoning (RBR) and case‐based reasoning (CBR) method for machining fixture design in a virtual reality (VR) based integrated system.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an approach combining the RBR and fuzzy comprehensive judgment method is proposed for reasoning suitable locating features and clamping features. Based on the reasoning results, a CBR method for machining fixture design is then presented.
Findings
The paper finds that the proposed system is an efficient tool for machining fixture design.
Practical implications
The proposed system enables the designers to perform fixture design with automated fixture locating method reasoning and make a new fixturing solution quickly by referencing previous design cases.
Originality/value
A VR application for machining fixture design is presented.