Chong Hooi Lim, M.Z. Abdullah, I. Abdul Azid, C.Y. Khor, M.S. Abdul Aziz and M.H.H. Ishaik
The purpose of this study is to investigate heat transfer and deformation of flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) under thermal and flow effects by using fluid structure…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate heat transfer and deformation of flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) under thermal and flow effects by using fluid structure interaction. This study simulate the electronic cooling process when electronic devices are generating heat during operation at FPCB under force convection.
Design/methodology/approach
The thermal and flow effects on FPCB with attached ball grid array (BGA) packages have been investigated in the simulation. Effects of Reynolds number (Re), number of BGA packages attached, power supplied to the BGA packages and size of FPCB were studied. The responses in the present study are the deflection/length of FPCB (δ/L) and Nusselt number (Nu).
Findings
It is important to consider both thermal and flow effects at the same time for understanding the characteristic of FPCB attached with BGA under operating condition. Empirical correlation equations of Re, Prandtl number (Pr), δ/L and Nu have been established, in which the highest effect is of Re, followed by Pr and δ/L. The δ/L and
Practical implications
This study provides a better understanding of the process control in FPCB assembly.
Originality/value
This study provides fundamental guidelines and references for the thermal coupling modelling to address reliability issues in FPCB design. It also increases the understanding of FPCB and BGA joint issues to achieve high reliability in microelectronic design.
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Mohammad Sheikhalishahi, Liliane Pintelon and Ali Azadeh
– The purpose of this paper is to review current literature analyzing human factors in maintenance, and areas in need of further research are suggested.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review current literature analyzing human factors in maintenance, and areas in need of further research are suggested.
Design/methodology/approach
The review applies a novel framework for systematically categorizing human factors in maintenance into three major categories: human error/reliability calculation, workplace design/macro-ergonomics and human resource management. The framework further incorporates two well-known human factor frameworks, i.e., the Swiss Cheese model and the ergonomic domains framework.
Findings
Human factors in maintenance is a pressing problem. The framework yields important insights regarding the influence of human factors in maintenance decision making. By incorporating various approaches, a robust framework for analyzing human factors in maintenance is derived.
Originality/value
The framework assists decision makers and maintenance practitioners to evaluate the influence of human factors from different perspectives, e.g. human error, macro-ergonomics, work planning and human performance. Moreover, the review addresses an important subject in maintenance decision making more so in view of few human error reviews in maintenance literature.
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Mohd Sharizal Abdul Aziz, Mohd Zulkifly Abdullah and Chu Yee Khor
– The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of offset angle in wave soldering by using thermal fluid structure interaction modeling with experimental validation.
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of offset angle in wave soldering by using thermal fluid structure interaction modeling with experimental validation.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a thermal coupling approach that adopted mesh-based parallel code coupling interface between finite volume-and finite element-based software (ABAQUS). A 3D single pin-through-hole (PTH) connector with five offset angles (0 to 20°) on a printed circuit board (PCB) was built and meshed by using computational fluid dynamics preprocessing software called GAMBIT. An implicit volume of fluid technique with a second-order upwind scheme was also applied to track the flow front of solder material (Sn63Pb37) when passing through the solder pot during wave soldering. The structural solver and ABAQUS analyzed the temperature distribution, displacement and von Mises stress of the PTH connector. The predicted results were validated by the experimental solder profile.
Findings
The simulation revealed that the PTH offset angle had a significant effect on the filling of molten solder through the PCB. The 0° angle yielded the best filling profile, filling time, lowest displacement and thermal stress. The simulation result was similar to the experimental result.
Practical implications
This study provides a better understanding of the process control in wave soldering for PCB assembly.
Originality/value
This study provides fundamental guidelines and references for the thermal coupling method to address reliability issues during wave soldering. It also enhances understanding of capillary flow and PTH joint issues to achieve high reliability in PCB assembly industries.
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The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the factors affecting maintenance management performance of hospital buildings in Amman, Jordan. Besides, the operational state…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the factors affecting maintenance management performance of hospital buildings in Amman, Jordan. Besides, the operational state was evaluated and the practices of maintenance management were assessed.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 70 items were identified through a rigorous literature review, grouped into seven categories, and a framework was developed. Besides, practices of maintenance management were assessed and the operational state was evaluated. The data were collected through distributing questionnaires to maintenance department staff in all public and private hospitals in Amman, Jordan. In total, 219 questionnaires were obtained and the data were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis. As well, descriptive, correlation, and inferential analysis were performed.
Findings
The analysis proved that 14 items representing four factors had significant effect on maintenance management performance and a new framework was established. Additionally, the results showed that Amman’s hospitals were found to be in an average condition and maintenance management practices were assessed to be efficient.
Originality/value
There is a gap in the literature in terms of researching the factors affecting the maintenance management of the Jordanian hospitals which has been a subject of extensive interest to many. A framework of the factors affecting maintenance has been proposed for the country of Jordan which the authors hope that would be developed further in future studies.
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Narges Hemmati, Masoud Rahiminezhad Galankashi, D.M. Imani and Farimah Mokhatab Rafiei
The purpose of this paper is to select the best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of a manufacturer integrating the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to select the best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of a manufacturer integrating the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models.
Design/methodology/approach
The decision hierarchy of this research includes three levels. The first level aims to choose the best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of an acid manufacturer. These equipment pieces include molten sulfur ponds, boiler, absorption tower, cooling towers, converter, heat exchanger and sulfur fuel furnace. The second level includes decision criteria of added-value, risk level and the cost. Lastly, the third level comprises time-based maintenance (TBM), corrective maintenance (CM), shutdown maintenance and condition-based maintenance (CBM) as four maintenance policies.
Findings
The best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of a manufacturer is the main finding of this research. Based on the obtained results, CBM policy is suggested for absorption tower, boiler, cooling tower and molten sulfur ponds, TBM policy is suggested for converters and heat exchanger and CM policy is suggested for a sulfur fuel furnace.
Originality/value
This research develops a novel model by integrating FAHP and an interval TOPSIS with concurrent consideration of added-value, risk level and cost to select the best maintenance policy. According to the highlights of the previous studies conducted on maintenance policy selection and related tools and techniques, an operative integrated approach to combine risk, added-value and cost with integrated fuzzy models is not developed yet. The majority of the previous studies have considered classic fuzzy approaches such as FAHP, FANP, Fuzzy TOPSIS, etc., which are not completely capable to reflect the decision makers’ viewpoints.
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Soroush Avakh Darestani, Tahereh Palizban and Rana Imannezhad
Correct and well-planned maintenance based on modern global methods directly affects efficiency, quality, direct production costs, reliability and profitability. The selection of…
Abstract
Purpose
Correct and well-planned maintenance based on modern global methods directly affects efficiency, quality, direct production costs, reliability and profitability. The selection of an optimal policy for maintenance can be a good solution for industrial units. In fact, by managing constraints such as costs, working hours and human workforce causing sudden equipment failure, production and performance can increase.
Design/methodology/approach
Therefore, in this research a model was presented to select the best maintenance strategy at Kaghaz Kar Kasra Co of Iran. In this study, it was tried to integrate the two techniques of goal programming and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to prioritize maintenance strategies. First, all factors affecting maintenance were identified, and based on the Best Worst Method (BWM) the degree of their importance was determined.
Findings
After the evaluation, only 14 criteria in the 4 dimensions of cost, added value, safety and feasibility were selected. The highest points were given to the criteria of equipment cost and depreciation, equipment and personnel performance, equipment installation time and technical feasibility, respectively. In the next stage, using the TOPSIS method the item of maintenance strategy was ranked, and the 3 strategies of preventive maintenance (PM), predictive maintenance (PDM) and corrective maintenance (CM) were chosen. Modeling was performed utilizing a goal programming approach to select the optimal maintenance strategy for 13 devices. All the technical specifications, cost limits and the device time were extracted. After the model was finished and solved the best item for each device was specified.
Originality/value
1. Developing a goal programming model and decision-making dashboard. 2. Identifying the criteria and factors affecting the selection of the maintenance strategy for paper production Industry
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Nur Laili Ab Ghani, Noraini Mohd Ariffin and Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman
This study aims to assess the extent of the mandatory and voluntary Shariah compliance disclosure in the Shariah Committee Report of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to assess the extent of the mandatory and voluntary Shariah compliance disclosure in the Shariah Committee Report of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in Malaysia. The study highlights the accountability and transparency of the Shariah Committee members to provide full disclosure of relevant Shariah compliance information to the stakeholders.
Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts content analysis to quantify and code the number of sentences in the Shariah Committee Report disclosed in the 2016 annual report of 47 IFIs in Malaysia. The extent of Shariah compliance disclosure in the Shariah Committee Report is measured based on the Standard (S) and Guidance (G) items outlined in the Shariah Governance Framework (SGF) as well as the Financial Reporting for Islamic Banking Institutions and takaful operators guidelines issued by Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) as the reference.
Findings
The findings indicate that majority of IFIs complied with the minimum mandatory disclosure requirement based on the Standard (S) items in the Shariah Committee Report as required by the SGF. Highest information on the purpose of Shariah Committee engagement and scope of work performed is disclosed to the stakeholders in almost all IFIs. Only two prominent full-fledged Islamic bank and Islamic banking business in development financial institutions have shown highest accountability to go beyond the minimum disclosure requirement. This includes disclosing higher voluntary information on Shariah governance processes in the Shariah Committee Report of these two IFIs.
Research limitations/implications
This study adopts the SGF (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2010), Financial Reporting for Islamic Banking Institutions (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2016) and Financial Reporting for Takaful Operators (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2015) as the reference to develop the measurement of Shariah compliance disclosure in the Shariah Committee Report. These guidelines issued by BNM are still effective during the period of study, i.e. the year 2016.
Practical implications
The findings contribute towards the relevance for BNM as the regulator to enhance the current disclosure requirement in the Shariah Committee Report as stated in the SGF especially in Islamic windows and takaful operators. The main argument of this paper is that the more information being disclosed in the Shariah Committee Report will lead to better Shariah assurances. The issuance of Shariah Governance Policy Document in 2019 is expected to enhance the credibility, accountability and transparency of the Shariah Committee members concerning their oversight responsibility towards Shariah matters in IFIs’ business operations.
Originality/value
After five years since the issuance of the SGF in 2010, further study on the extent of mandatory and voluntary Shariah compliance disclosure is important to highlight the accountability and transparency on the implementation of the Shariah governance across various types of IFIs in Malaysia.
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Ilenia Zennaro, Daria Battini, Fabio Sgarbossa, Alessandro Persona and Rosario De Marchi
Automated flow line manufacturing systems are becoming more and more relevant in industry, especially in the food and beverage sector. Improving the efficiency of automated flow…
Abstract
Purpose
Automated flow line manufacturing systems are becoming more and more relevant in industry, especially in the food and beverage sector. Improving the efficiency of automated flow line manufacturing systems is the core objectives of all companies as measured by the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) index. The purpose of this paper is to carry out an innovative micro downtime data collection and statistical analysis in the food and beverage sector; it introduces a numerical indicator called “Cost Performance Indicator-CPI” to estimate the performance improvement of investment activities. Moreover this analysis will be used as a basis to carry out a new simulative model to study micro downtime of automatic production lines. In addition, the presented micro downtime data collection and statistical analysis will be used to construct a new simulative model to support improvement activities.
Design/methodology/approach
Descriptive and statistical analyses are carried out about OEE, time to repair (TTR) and time to failure (TTF) data. The least efficient production line is identified and principal causes of inefficiency are investigated. Micro downtime (downtime lower than 15 minutes) covers 57 percent of inefficiency. Investigations are carried out into the three principal machines affected by this inefficiency. The study then investigates the causes of micro downtime of these machines using ad hoc data collection and analysis. The probability distributions of TTF and TTR are evaluated and an analysis of micro downtime causes and a cause-effect is carried out. The most attractive investment in terms of recoverable OEE (1.44 percent) and costs is analyzed through the calculation of a CPI. One of the conclusions is to recommend the introduction of a payback period with a variable contribution margin.
Findings
This study get the basis for the construction of a new simulative model based on ad hoc micro downtime probability distributions, applied in automated flow line manufacturing systems. It gives an effort to downtime analysis in automated production lines and a guideline for future analysis. Results of this study can be generalized and extended to other similar cases, in order to study similar micro downtime inefficiency of other production lines. The statistical analysis developed could also potentially be used to further investigate the relationship between the reliability of specific machines and that of the entire line.
Originality/value
The case study presents a new detailed micro downtime data collection and statistical analysis in the beverage sector with the application of a numerical indicator, the CPI, in order to drive future actions. In addition, the presented micro downtime data collection and statistical analysis will be used to construct a new simulative model to support improvement activities. Moreover, results can be generalized and used as a basis for other micro downtime analyses involving the main causes of inefficiency in automated production lines.
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Mustanir Hussain Wasim and Muhammad Bilal Zafar
The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review on Shariah governance and Islamic banks.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review on Shariah governance and Islamic banks.
Design/methodology/approach
The literature was searched from Scopus and Web of Science using various queries related to Shariah governance and Islamic banks. Through a screening process, 93 articles were considered fit for the systematic literature review.
Findings
The paper provides a systematic review based on different themes, including measurement of Shariah governance in Islamic banks, disclosure of Shariah governance and its determinants, the impact of Shariah governance on performance, risk management and other outcomes of Islamic banks. Finally, issues and challenges of Shariah governance in Islamic banks are discussed, followed by conclusions and recommendations related to future research.
Originality/value
This study is the first of its kind, to the authors’ knowledge, to provide a comprehensive systematic literature on Shariah governance and Islamic banks by exploring different themes and highlighting multiple future avenues of research.
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Toseef Azid, Zafar Kayani, Osamah Hussien Rawashdeh and Nasim Shah Shirazi
This paper aims to discuss the methodology of mainstream Islamic economics and also gives an alternative approach which is yet not very much taught in the different academic…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the methodology of mainstream Islamic economics and also gives an alternative approach which is yet not very much taught in the different academic institutions, i.e. Tawhidi methodology. From the curriculum of the different academic institutions and also from the literature, it is observed that mainstream Islamic economics is the imitation of the conventional economics and mainly neoclassical economics. Maqasid-i-Shari’ah is not matching with the Tawhidi one.
Design/methodology/approach
It is based on the self-observations of the authors where they taught during their academic career.
Findings
This study found that the mainstream Islamic economics could not be able to solve the local and global issues because it is the replica of the conventional economics only there are some injunctions of Shari’ah.
Research limitations/implications
This study gives the guideline to the student of Islamic economics that how they will be able to understand the methodology of Islamic economics and finance.
Practical implications
It provides the guidance to the academicians and policymakers, especially those belonging to the Muslim countries.
Social implications
It also provides the glimpses to the social scientist about the solutions of the social and economic issues at the local and global levels.
Originality/value
It is an original effort.