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Article
Publication date: 5 January 2015

Jorma Antero Larimo and Huu Le Nguyen

– The purpose of this paper is to analyse investment strategies and performance of Finnish firms in their international joint ventures (IJVs) established in Baltic States.

1509

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse investment strategies and performance of Finnish firms in their international joint ventures (IJVs) established in Baltic States.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper analyse performance of IJVs in Baltic States based on the IJV theory, international business literature, and foreign direct investments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) literature. The analysed factors include firm, investment, and inter-partner relationship-specific factors. To examine the propositions the paper used ten IJVs established by Finnish firms in various Baltic States between the period 1991 and 2005.

Findings

The results show that the level of uncertainties in the countries and the differences between partners are not related to firms’ commitments and the entry mode choice. Several Finnish firms preferred cost leadership to compete with other firms in the local markets. In most cases there was a positive relationship between the level of partners’ equity share, commitment to the IJV, and the level of trust between partners. The results indicated differences in the IJV performance depending on parent firms’ objectives, their competitive strategies, mode of entry, age of IJVs, control strategies, level of trust, and commitment between partners, as well as depending on the performance measures used.

Practical implications

This study suggests four observations that managers may need to take into consideration to improve IJV performance in the Baltic States. First, cost leadership strategy help to increase IJV performance in terms of sales. Second, social control mechanisms and narrow control leaded to better performance than formal and wide control. Third, minority ownership by Finnish firms in IJVs leaded to better performance based on sales, productivity and total performance whereas majority ownership had leaded to better performance in terms of total costs. Finally, the results confirmed that commitment to the IJV operation and trust on the other partner are very essential factors to IJV performance.

Originality/value

The study is the first one to analyse in more detail based on several cases the IJV strategies and performance of Finnish firms in the Baltic States. The analysed factors include several such factors which have not been analysed related to IJV operations in Baltic States (some also limitedly in the CEE context).

Details

Baltic Journal of Management, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5265

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Book part
Publication date: 31 October 2009

Jorma Larimo and Tiia Vissak

This volume of Progress in International Business Research comprises of a selection of 12 competitive papers from the 34th EIBA (European International Business Academy) annual…

Abstract

This volume of Progress in International Business Research comprises of a selection of 12 competitive papers from the 34th EIBA (European International Business Academy) annual conference, which was held in Tallinn, Estonia in December 2008 with the theme “International Business and the Catching-up Economies: Challenges and Opportunities”. It addresses two main issues – (1) the internationalization process and (2) the role of knowledge and innovation for internationalization – that are important in the current economic slowdown both for catching-up and for other economies, scholars, and practitioners.

Details

Research on Knowledge, Innovation and Internationalization
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84855-956-1

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Article
Publication date: 20 March 2024

Binh Huu Nguyen and Huong Nguyen Quynh Le

This study aims to investigate the moderating role of sociodemographic factors, specifically age and education level, in the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model concerning…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the moderating role of sociodemographic factors, specifically age and education level, in the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model concerning information security awareness (ISA) amid growing technological threats.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a survey methodology, collecting data from 400 working individuals in Vietnam, to test the applicability of the KAB model and evaluate the moderating effects of age and education on the model’s established relationships. In addition, the theoretical model and hypotheses were evaluated using the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) approach.

Findings

This research confirms the relationships posited in the KAB model. Notably, it shows that younger employees showcase a more positive attitude and behavior toward information security compared with their older counterparts. In addition, higher education levels strengthen the positive association between information security knowledge and attitude. The findings underscore the imperative for organizations to consider sociodemographic variables when formulating strategies to enhance ISA.

Originality/value

This study extends the KAB model by exploring the impact of sociodemographic factors, focusing on age and education in ISA. Overcoming the oversight in current literature, particularly in the context of technological threats, the research uses PLS-SEM and targets a specific demographic in Vietnam.

Details

Information & Computer Security, vol. 32 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4961

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Article
Publication date: 5 March 2018

Le Nhat Hoang Tran, Laurent Gerbaud, Nicolas Retière and Hieu Nguyen Huu

Static converters generate current harmonics in power grids. For numerous studies, analytical frequency modeling is preferred to carry out their harmonic modeling in the context…

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Abstract

Purpose

Static converters generate current harmonics in power grids. For numerous studies, analytical frequency modeling is preferred to carry out their harmonic modeling in the context of sizing by optimization. However, a design by optimization has to consider other constraints, e.g. modeling constraints and operating constraints. In this way, this paper aims to focus on applying an analytical frequency modeling on the sizing by optimization of an aircraft electrical power channel.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper aims to size a multiphysical system by optimization. In this way, the sizing of an aircraft electrical power channel by optimization has been carried out. The models of all the channel components are analytical. Specifically, the frequency model of the power electronics is based on Tran et al. (2016) and is made of equalities and inequalities. Due to this modeling choice, the optimization satisfies hundreds of constraints, such as modeling constraints and static converter operating constraints. Furthermore, transient constraints are only verified after optimization.

Findings

The difficulty is the modeling of the system by taking into account nonlinear implicit equations having several solutions. A solution is the addition of inequality constraints to the model to guide the implicit solving. Furthermore, this greatly helps the optimization algorithm to find the good operating mode of the static converter, at steady state. This aspect is indispensable to validate the sizing model.

Research limitations/implications

The number of the configurations per operating period of the static converters is defined a priori and limited.

Originality/value

The analytical model for the sizing is formulated as a constrained optimization problem. Its solving and the sizing by optimization are carried out by the same optimization algorithm.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 37 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Book part
Publication date: 1 December 2022

Huu Minh Nguyen, Thi Hong Tran and Thi Thanh Loan Tran

“The world needs science, science needs women” is the message given by UNESCO in the program for the development of women in science” (UNESCO, 2017). In Vietnam, women’s…

Abstract

“The world needs science, science needs women” is the message given by UNESCO in the program for the development of women in science” (UNESCO, 2017). In Vietnam, women’s participation and achievements in scientific research is considered a great and important resource for industrialization and modernization. Even so, are there gender differences in scientific achievement in the social science research institutes in Vietnam? What factors influence the scientific achievement of female social researchers? The answers will be based on data from a 2017 survey with a sample of 756 researchers, of which 77.6% were female. The survey was conducted by the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, a leading, ministry-level national center for the social sciences in Vietnam. This chapter analyzed the scientific achievements of researchers through their position as principal investigators of research projects and their publications, and factors that may impact this. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of factors that may affect the scientific achievement of researchers found that gender differences in academic achievement in the social sciences in Vietnam was still prevalent. Female researchers’ scientific achievements were lower than those of their male counterparts. The contribution to science of Vietnamese female researchers was limited by many different factors; the most important were the academic rank of the researchers and gender stereotype that considered housework the responsibility of women.

Details

Diversity and Discrimination in Research Organizations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-959-1

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Article
Publication date: 11 May 2022

Phong Dong Nguyen, Nguyen Huu Khoi, Angelina Nhat Hanh Le and Huong Xuan Ho

Drawing upon the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper investigates the moderated mediation model linking benevolent leadership to organizational citizenship…

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Abstract

Purpose

Drawing upon the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper investigates the moderated mediation model linking benevolent leadership to organizational citizenship behaviors towards the organization (OCBO) and towards individuals (OCBI) in the context of higher education. The mediating roles of leader-member exchange and affective commitment as well as the moderating roles of the two attachment styles—attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance—are also examined.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from a sample of 333 university lecturers and analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The results demonstrate that leader-member exchange and affective commitment are mediating resources that help benevolent leaders motivate university lecturers to engage in two types of OCBs. Moreover, attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance act as the respective enhancer and inhibitor for the indirect effects of benevolent leadership on both OCBs through leader-member exchange. In contrast, the relationships between benevolent leadership and two types of OCBs through the mediating role of affective commitment are not contingent on the attachment styles of lecturers.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that university leaders who aim at promoting OCBs among lecturers should deploy benevolent leadership style to facilitate a positive social exchange relationship as well as foster their affective commitment. Such leadership style is especially effective in influencing lecturers who possess attachment anxiety personality traits.

Originality/value

This pioneer research develops and empirically tests a COR theory-grounded moderated mediation model pertaining to benevolent leadership and lecturers' OCBs. The findings contribute to the educational management literature by demonstrating that benevolent leadership, a crucial organizational resource, significantly motivates lecturers' voluntary and extra-role behaviors in a dynamic and contingent manner. Leader-member exchange and affective commitment are important mediating resources in the process of transforming benevolent leadership into beneficial behaviors. Further, the effectiveness of benevolent leadership largely depends on lecturers' personality traits of attachment anxiety and avoidance. These novel mediating and moderating findings demonstrate the sequential and interaction effects of various organizational and individual resources on lecturers' OCBs; thus, adding value to the COR theory's core principles, including resource caravans and resource investment behaviors.

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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2022

Nguyen Vinh Khuong and Le Huu Tuan Anh

This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value (FV) with the moderating role of the organizational life cycle (OLC).

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value (FV) with the moderating role of the organizational life cycle (OLC).

Design/methodology/approach

To fill the missing link of the CSR–FV relationship in the life cycle of the firms, this study divided the firm life cycle into five stages and tested the impact of FV on CSR in each phase. This study uses the ordinary least squares, generalized method of moments method with the dynamic panel data model of 225 Vietnamese listed companies for the period from 2014 to 2018.

Findings

This study’s findings confirm the positive effect of CSR on FV. Besides, in most of the stages of the firm life cycle, FV positively affects CSR practices, and this effect is highest in the growth stage. In the decline phase, the relationship between FV and CSR is complex depending on the resources and ability of companies. This study’s results are trusted through many robustness tests.

Research limitations/implications

This research does not include all financial, insurance and investment firms to measure the CSR–FV relationship with OLC as moderating role. Further research might conduct in the larger sample or using data in cross countries enhance the evidence for the given relationship.

Originality/value

This research contributes empirical evidence to the scientific literature on CSR, FV and OLC, which would be tremendously helpful for policymakers and business owners to enhance company efficiency.

Details

Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 19 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-1117

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Article
Publication date: 3 November 2023

Nguyen Vinh Khuong, Nguyen Thanh Liem, Le Huu Tuan Anh and Bui Thi Ngan Dung

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between related party transactions (RPTs) in terms of sales and purchases and earnings management (EM).

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between related party transactions (RPTs) in terms of sales and purchases and earnings management (EM).

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use the estimation method of system generalized method of moments (Sys-GMM) on a sample of 413 non-financial firms in Vietnam in the period from 2015 to 2019, totaling 1,638 firm-year observations. Multiple proxies for RPTs and EM are used to provide a comprehensive assessment of the relationship between the two factors.

Findings

There is a positive association between RPTs and EM, suggesting that both types of RPTs could reduce financial reporting quality and allow firms to be more engaged in earnings manipulation.

Originality/value

There are a number of studies investigating the above link, but they tend to use aggregate values (the sum of both sales and purchases with related parties) or just either accruals-based earnings or real EM. This study is the first to extend the literature on the relationship between RPTs and EM by examining both sales-based and purchases-based RPTs on both real and accruals-based earnings manipulation. This approach helps uncover the differences in the effect of the two types of RPTs on both types of upward EM.

Details

Pacific Accounting Review, vol. 36 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0114-0582

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Article
Publication date: 17 May 2022

Ho Xuan Thuy, Nguyen Vinh Khuong, Le Huu Tuan Anh and Pham Nhat Quyen

This study aims to investigate the association between corporate governance (CG) and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) information disclosure as well as the moderating…

1191

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the association between corporate governance (CG) and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) information disclosure as well as the moderating role of state-ownership between CG and CSR disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach

To examine the relationship between CG and CSR disclosure, this study used the feasible general least squares and generalized method of moments method on a sample of 165 non-financial quoted companies over the 2015–2018 period, which account for about three-fourths of the Vietnamese stock exchange.

Findings

The findings suggest that enterprises with smaller board size consisting mainly of independent directors have a higher CSR disclosure level. Moreover, when the chief executive officer is concurrently the chairman of the board, the level of CSR disclosure falls. Additionally, the moderating role of state ownership enhances CSR disclosure.

Research limitations/implications

The empirical results of this study form a solid foundation for policymakers and other stakeholders’ decisions in investing or establishing policies.

Originality/value

This study provides empirical evidence on the relationship between CG and CSR disclosure in Vietnam – a developing country with no legal requirement on CSR disclosure. Moreover, this study emphasizes the moderating role of state ownership between CG and CSR disclosure, which clarifies the role of state ownership in establishing CG mechanisms.

Details

Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, vol. 22 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1985-2517

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Article
Publication date: 12 July 2021

Huu Cuong Nguyen, Phan Minh Hoa Nguyen, Bich Hiep Tran, Thi Thien Nga Nguyen, Le Thanh Thuy Hoang and Thi Thu Hien Do

This paper aims to examine the levels of integrated reporting disclosure alignment in annual reports by listed firms in Vietnam and the factors influencing these disclosure levels.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the levels of integrated reporting disclosure alignment in annual reports by listed firms in Vietnam and the factors influencing these disclosure levels.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on a sample of 200 listed firms in Vietnam in 2017, the authors constructed a disclosure index based on the content of the International Integrated Reporting Committee (IIRC) Framework. Using this index, the study measures the extent to which Vietnamese listed firms’ annual reports include the content elements required by the integrated reporting (IR) Framework. The study performs ordinary least square regression to investigate the influencing factors.

Findings

The study documents that, on average, Vietnamese listed firms disclose about 43% of the information required by the IIRC Framework. The disclosure levels are positively associated with manufacturing firms, board independence, foreign ownership, government ownership, audit quality and firm size.

Originality/value

Integrated reports have been widely adopted in many countries, but it is still a new issue in Vietnam. This is the first paper providing some insights into the inclusion of the content elements required by the IR Framework by listed firms in Vietnam. It also contributes to the disclosure literature by providing empirical evidence on the factors influencing these disclosure levels. Deriving from the findings, the authors offer recommendations for policymakers on the issue of regulating and implementing IR in Vietnam.

Details

Meditari Accountancy Research, vol. 30 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-372X

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