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In this research, the authors established a hierarchical motion planner for quadruped locomotion, which enables a parallel wheel-quadruped robot, the “BIT-NAZA” robot, to traverse rough three-dimensional (3-D) terrain.

Presented is a novel wheel-quadruped mobile robot with parallel driving mechanisms and based on the Stewart six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) platform. The task for traversing rough terrain is decomposed into two prospects: one is the configuration selection in terms of a local foothold cost map, in which the kinematic feasibility of parallel mechanism and terrain features are satisfied in heuristic search planning, and the other one is a whole-body controller to complete smooth and continuous motion transitions.

A fan-shaped foot search region focuses on footholds with a strong possibility of becoming foot placement, simplifying computation complexity. A receding horizon avoids kinematic deadlock during the search process and improves robot adaptation.

Both simulation and experimental results validated the proposed scenario available and appropriate for quadruped locomotion to traverse challenging 3-D terrains.

This paper analyzes kinematic workspace for a parallel robot with 6-DOF Stewart mechanism on both body and foot. A fan-shaped foot search region enhances computation efficiency. Receding horizon broadens the preview search to decrease the possibility of deadlock minima resulting from terrain variation.

This paper aims to present an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) for tunnel boring machine cutterhead telescopic system with uncertainties to achieve a high-precision trajectory in complex strata. This method could be applied to solve the problems caused by linear and nonlinear model uncertainties.

First, an integral-type sliding surface is defined to reduce the static tracking error. Second, a projection type adaptation law is designed to approximate the linear and nonlinear redefined parameters of the electrohydraulic system. Third, a nonlinear robust term with a continuous approximation function is presented for handling load force uncertainty and reducing sliding mode chattering. Moreover, Lyapunov theory is applied to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is proved by comparative experiments on a scaled test rig.

The linear and nonlinear model uncertainties lead to large variations in the dynamics of the mechanism and the tracking error. To achieve precise position tracking, an adaptation law was integrated into the sliding mode control which compensated for model uncertainties. Besides, the inherent sliding mode chattering was reduced by a continuous approximation function, while load force uncertainty was solved by a nonlinear robust feedback. Therefore, a novel ASMC for tunnel boring machine cutterhead telescopic system with uncertainties can improve its tracking precision and reduce the sliding mode chattering.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the ASMC is proposed for the first time to control the tunnel boring machine cutterhead telescopic system with uncertainties. The presented control is effective not only in control accuracy but also in parameter uncertainty.

This paper aims to straighten out the research progress in the field of maker education, summarize the research hotspots and frontiers of maker education at home and abroad and provide path optimization suggestions for the research and development of this field.

In total, 751 pieces of domestic and the foreign maker education research literature from 2014 to 2021 are retrieved and screened, and literature analysis methods such as keyword analysis and clustering map analysis are used to quantitatively analyze the quantity distribution, published journals, core authors, research institutions and subject keywords of the maker education literature.

It is found that research in this field is still in the development stage, but the pandemic has severely inhibited maker education and related research. Frontiers at home and abroad have begun to pay attention to the impact of humanistic care on maker education. Strengthening the dialog between multidisciplinary theories requires cross-disciplinary research. Regional and cross-field cooperation and fully grasping the actual situation and constraints of the development of maker education are the cornerstones of bold innovation in maker education research.

This paper uses bibliometric analysis to reveal the severe challenges to the development of maker education due to the normalization of the epidemic. By excavating the research hotspots and research frontiers in this field, it fills the gap that the current research in the field of maker education has not yet formed a complete theoretical framework and evaluation system.

This research aims to generate consumer knowledge to facilitate the development of new product concepts with optimal product design attributes for new fermented functional cereal beverages (FFCBs) with high market potential.

This research employed a sequential mixed research approach which integrated both qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 12 in‐depth interviews and three focus groups were carried out to identify product concepts for new FFCBs. A conjoint model (n=299) was then developed to evaluate product‐specific factors that influenced consumer acceptance of FFCBs.

Potential target consumers of FFCBs were more likely to be young females who had relatively high educational and income levels. “Flavour” and “health/nutritional claim” were found to be the most important product attributes for consumers. The simulation analysis predicted two FFCB concepts for target consumers.

As there is a limited range of FFCBs on the market, the concept of FFCBs may be novel to consumers. Further research would be beneficial that closely integrates the strategic marketing of FFCBs with sensory analysis conducted on a range of these beverages.

During the early stages of the new product development (NPD) process, a market‐oriented research methodology can help optimise product concepts in terms of product attributes that drive consumer acceptance.

This paper provides an important insight into the significance of market‐oriented knowledge generation techniques for the development of new cereal‐based functional foods. It provides market‐oriented information on FFCBs which can be valuable for food manufacturers to maximise NPD performance and to gain competitive advantage in the functional beverages market.

Organizations in many domains generate a considerable amount of heterogeneous data every day. Such data can be processed to enhance these organizations’ decisions in real time. However, storing and processing large and varied datasets (known as big data) is challenging to do in real time. In machine learning, streaming feature selection has always been considered a superior technique for selecting the relevant subset features from highly dimensional data and thus reducing learning complexity. In the relevant literature, streaming feature selection refers to the features that arrive consecutively over time; despite a lack of exact figure on the number of features, numbers of instances are well-established. Many scholars in the field have proposed streaming-feature-selection algorithms in attempts to find the proper solution to this problem. This paper presents an exhaustive and methodological introduction of these techniques. This study provides a review of the traditional feature-selection algorithms and then scrutinizes the current algorithms that use streaming feature selection to determine their strengths and weaknesses. The survey also sheds light on the ongoing challenges in big-data research.

The purpose of this offered research is to articulate a multifaceted kind of highly unstable initial perturbation and further analyze the performance of the plasma particles for time-fractional order evaluation.

For this purpose, the authors designed specific geometry and further interpreted it into the mathematical model using the concepts of the Vlasov Maxwell system. The suggested algorithm is based on the finite-difference and spectral estimation philosophy. The management of time and memory in generic code for computational purposes is also discussed.

The main purpose is to analyze the fractional behavior of plasma particles and also the capability of the suggested numerical algorithm. Due to initial perturbations, there are a lot of sudden variations that occurred in the formulated system. Graphical behavior shows that SR parameter produces devastation as compared to others. The variation of fractional parameter between the defend domain demonstrates the hidden pictures of plasma particles. The design scheme is efficient, convergent and has the capability to cover the better physics of the problem.

Plasma material is commonly used in different areas of science. Therefore, in this paper, the authors increase the capability of the mathematical plasma model with specific geometry, and further suitable numerical algorithm is suggested with detailed physical analysis of the outcomes. The authors gave a new direction to study the performance of plasma particles under the influence of LASER light.

In the recent era, science has produced a lot of advancements to study and analyze the physical natural process, which exist everywhere in the real word. On behalf of this current developments, it is now insufficient to study the first-order time evaluation of the plasma particles. One needs to be more precise and should move toward the bottomless state of it, that is, macroscopic and microscopic time-evaluation scales, and it is not wrong to say that there exits a huge gap, to study the time evaluation in this discussed manner. The presented study is entirely an advanced and efficient way to investigate the problem into the new directions. The capability of the proposed algorithm and model with fractional concepts can fascinate the reader to extend to the other dimensions.

Service innovation, ICT-enabled services, museum, cultural and creative industries.

Graduate-level courses of “Innovation Management,” “Service Innovation,” or “Cultural and Creative Industries”.

In 2006, the National Palace Museum (NPM) in Taipei, Taiwan, announced its new vision “Reviving the Charm of an Ancient Collection and Creating New values for Generations to Come”. In recent years, the NPM has been shifting its operational focus from being object-oriented to being public-centered, and the museum has held not only the physical forms of artifacts and documents but also their digital images and metadata. These changes would inject new life into historical artifacts. In addition, archives as its collections would be given a refreshingly new image to the public and become connected with people's daily lives. Among these endeavors for displaying historical artifacts online and prevailing Chinese culture in the modern age, the key issues are related to digital technology applications and service innovations. The service innovations would be further divided into information and communication technologies (ICT)-enabled ones and non-ICT-enabled ones. These shifts clearly claim that adopting digital technologies and innovative services can bring positive impacts to the museum. The NPM administrative team wants to keep infusing life into ancient artifacts and texts, sustaining curiosities of the public for Chinese culture and history, and invoking their interests to visit the NPM in person. However, to develop for the future while reviewing the past, the NPM administrative team has to meditate on the next steps in terms of implementation of service innovations.

Students will learn motivations of digital establishment and service innovations from the organization perspective and the necessities of technological implementation. Students will understand the difference in innovations between ICT-enabled services and non-ICT-enabled services. Students would be able to understand the process of developing a new service. Students will be aware of challenges the organization would face in developing a new service.

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The mesoscale structure (MS) has a significant impact on the mechanical performance of parts made by additive manufacturing (AM). This paper aims to explore the design and fabrication of force-flow guided reinforcement mesoscale structure (FFRMS) compared with the homogeneous mesoscale structure (HMS), which is inconsistent with the stress field for a given load condition. Some cases were presented to demonstrate the mechanical properties of FFRMS in terms of MS combined with quasi-isotropy and anisotropy.

The paper consists of four main sections: the first developed the concept of FFRMS design based on HMS, the second explored volume fraction control for the proportion of force-flow lines in terms of mechanical property requirement, and the third presented a sequence stacking theory and practical manufacturing process framework and the final sections provided some application case studies.

The main contributions of this study were the definition and development of the FFRMS concept, the application framework and the original case studies. As an example, a typical lug designed with the proposed FFRMS method was fabricated by three different AM processes. The test results showed that both the strength and stiffness of the specimens are improved greatly by using the FFRMS design method.

The superposition of HMS as the basement and force-flow as an indication of the stiffener, leading to a heterogeneous structure, which exhibits more efficient and diversified means compared with the traditional way of increasing the HMS density merely.

With the continuous change of research contents and methods of intelligence science, its integration with other disciplines is also deepening. The purpose of this paper is to further explore the interdisciplinary research characteristics of intelligence science in theoretical depth and application value.

This paper summarizes and explores in two aspects. The first is a large number of literature review, mainly combined with the historical characteristics of the development of intelligence science researches in China and international comparison. The second is to refine the discipline construction ideas suitable for the development of contemporary intelligence science.

From the perspective of the historical development of discipline relevance, the development characteristics and positioning of intelligence science in China are introduced, with the comparison of many disciplines including information technology, library science, information science, data science, management science and other disciplines. In order to better meet the practical needs of intelligence service in the new era, this paper mainly analyzes the construction method of intelligence science research system and the relocation of intelligence science research content.

This paper summarizes the historical characteristics and international comparison of the development of intelligence science in China. It proposes the development characteristics and orientation of intelligence science in China from the perspective of historical development of discipline relevance. It also proposes the discipline construction ideas suitable for the development of contemporary intelligence science.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the numerical method is not everything for nonlinear equations. Some properties cannot be revealed numerically; an example is used to elucidate the fact.

A variational principle is established for the generalized KdV – Burgers equation by the semi-inverse method, and the equation is solved analytically by the exp-function method, and some exact solutions are obtained, including blowup solutions and discontinuous solutions. The solution morphologies are studied by illustrations using different scales.

Solitary solution is the basic property of nonlinear wave equations. This paper finds some new properties of the KdV–Burgers equation, which have not been reported in open literature and cannot be effectively elucidated by numerical methods. When the solitary solution or the blowup solution is observed on a much small scale, their discontinuous property is first found.

The variational principle can explain the blowup and discontinuous properties of a nonlinear wave equation, and the exp-function method is a good candidate to reveal the solution properties.