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Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has gradually come to be regarded as a strategic business tool, and has a significant influence on consumers’ behaviours, but few studies discuss CSR regarding consumers’ behaviour in the insurance industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of CSR on corporate reputation and customer loyalty.

This paper used a survey to assess consumers’ perception regarding CSR activities from non-life insurance industries. The questionnaires were administered to consumers who have purchased insurance in Taiwan. The survey questions were tested through an exploratory factor analysis. An analysis of variance and multiple regressions were performed to test the hypotheses.

The empirical results demonstrate that CSR activities have significantly positive influences on corporate reputation and customer loyalty. Additionally, CSR activities also have significantly positive influences on brand image. Furthermore, the study indicates the mediating role of brand image on CSR, corporate reputation and customer loyalty.

This paper establishes the mediating role of brand image among CSR, corporate reputation and customer loyalty for non-life insurance industries. Additionally, the empirical results focus on analysing the impact of CSR on customer’s behaviour, and strongly encourage insurers to continue investing; CSR and brand image can be strategic marketing tools and promote the sustainable development of insurance.

At present, relevant studies on circular supply chains are gradually increasing. However, the majority only focus on precautions or obstacles in the implementation of supply chains, rather than delving deeper into the decarbonization of processes within circular supply chains. Therefore, this study took the rubber recycling industry as an example, highlighting the decarbonization of the manufacturing process for remanufactured products in this industry. Subsequently, a feasible framework for future practice was established, serving as a valuable reference for companies in the industry.

This study first selected key factors from the initial aspects and criteria using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), followed by ranking the importance of the selected aspects and criteria using fuzzy decision-making trail and evaluating laboratory (FDEMATEL).

This study has confirmed which directions the manufacturing processes of remanufactured products need to move toward so as to achieve the goal of decarbonization when implementing circular supply chains. The main aspects include environmental, social and economic benefits as well as value recovery. In addition, the main directions for implementing circular supply chains in the industry are cooperating with different supply chain partners, having effective reverse logistics systems, collaborating with multiple companies, optimizing technology and developing the industrial symbiosis network.

Research results vary due to industry differences. Although the results of this study can be used for reference in other high-pollution industries, they are unable to be perfectly in line with their current states. Therefore, more in-depth research is needed in the aspect of decarbonization for other industries.

The rubber recycling industry chosen by this study is different from general industries since its raw materials consist predominantly of waste. Therefore, it is an imperative trend to perform decarbonization in circular supply chains. This study establishes a novel framework to provide industry players and their stakeholders with clearer and more targeted implementation objectives for reference.

The purpose of this paper is to extend prior supply chain research by describing the process of innovation knowledge increase in supply chain network. More specifically, this study investigates the role of network density, and views the knowledge increase as the process of knowledge diffusion and knowledge innovation.

A multi-agent model, which demonstrates the process of knowledge increase in supply chain network, was established, and simulated by using NetLogo simulation platform.

The results indicate that the network density will promote the knowledge increase of the supply chain when it is high or low. In the meantime, these results show that the inhibition of knowledge diffusion and knowledge innovation will appear when network density is moderate.

Although previous research has identified the importance of knowledge increase in promoting sustainable development of supply chain, far less attention was given to the study of the effect of network structure on the knowledge increase in supply chain. This study thus fulfills the research gap by providing a description of the process of knowledge increase with the consideration of network density. The conclusion is of great significance for the choice of network density for sustainable development of supply chain.

Drawing on social identity, signalling and stakeholder theories, this paper aims to examine corporate reputation’s (CR) mediating role concerning corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer loyalty (CL) among Generation Z customers of Nepali commercial banks.

The research applied a cross-sectional survey research design to collect data from 281 customers of Nepali commercial banks. The study used a purposive sampling method to reach the respondents and partial least squares structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses.

The results reveal that CSR significantly influences CR and CL. Likewise, CR positively influences CL. Moreover, CR partially mediates the relationship between CSR and CL. It implies that CSR and CR are critical variables for CL among Generation Z customers of Nepali commercial banks.

This study focuses on understanding the importance of CSR to Nepalese commercial bank managers to create a better customer base by focusing on the CSR dimensions, i.e. economic, environmental and social. It adds to the literature on the theoretical aspect of the study of CSR, particularly in the banking industry.

It has initially investigated CSR as a higher-order construct to explain the meditational mechanism of CR concerning CSR and CL. Moreover, the study examined the issue of endogeneity.