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Although the tasks of managing carbon peaks and achieving carbon neutrality in China are arduous, they are also of great significance, which highlights China’s determination and courage in dealing with climate change. The power industry is not only a major source of carbon emissions but also an important area for carbon emission reduction. Thus, against the backdrop of carbon neutrality, understanding the development status of China’s power industry guided by the carbon neutrality background is important because it largely determines the completeness of China’s carbon reduction promises to the world. This study aims to review China’s achievements in carbon reduction in the electric industry, its causes and future policy highlights.

The methods used in this study include descriptive analyses based on official statistics, government documents and reports.

The research results show that, after years of development, the power industry has achieved positive results in low-carbon provisions and in the electrification of consumption, and carbon emission intensity has continued to decline. Policy initiatives play a key role in this process, including, but not limited to, technology innovations, low-carbon power replacement and supported policies for low-carbon transformation toward low-carbon economies.

This study provides a full picture of China’s power industry against the backdrop of low-carbon development, which could be used as a benchmark for other countries engaging in the same processes. Moreover, a careful review of China’s development status may offer profound implications for policymaking both for China and for other governments across the globe.

The purpose of this paper is to upgrade the collaborative emergency ability of government in the tier of towns, realizing emergency resource share, emergency cost reduction and emergency efficiency improving. This paper mainly aims to solve the problem of forecasting the natural disaster happening year of every township collaborative region in Fangshan District.

First, classify the townships into five collaborative regions through grey clustering. Second, set up a grey disaster forecast model for the whole Fangshan District according the annals of disaster from 1985 to 2012, and forecast the disaster grade. Third, build a grey disaster forecast model for the collaborative regions after constructing the buffer operators of catastrophic sequence according the annals of disaster from 1949 to 2012.

The authors forecasted the happening year and flood grade of future disaster for the whole Fangshan District. The accurate degrees of both flood and drought year model are greater than 90 per cent. The accurate degree of insects calamity year is a little low, but the relative errors are all lower than 3 per cent in recent continuous three times, so in the whole, it can be used. For the collaborative regions, the authors forecasted the future disaster years of them. The accuracy rate of every model is greater than 90 per cent. The result shows that the forecast errors are acceptable.

In the models, for the purpose of good accuracy, the authors used different initial data. For example, in the forecast model for whole Fangshan District disaster year, the authors used the data from 1985 to 2012, while in the forecast model for the disaster grade of it, the authors used the data from 1949 to 2012. In the disaster year forecast model for collaborative region, the authors also used the data from 1949 to 2012. If the authors can find a model that has high accuracy rate by using all the date information, it will be better.

Township is the most basic level of government organization in China, researching on collaborative emergency in township will do help to take targeted precautions measures against calamity according to the characteristic there. At the same time realizing emergency cost reduction and emergency efficiency improving based on the advantages of emergency resource share, short rescue distance, little effects of communication destruction.

Because of the stochastic occurring of disasters, it is very important to forecast the happening time of disasters accurately. This paper forecasted the natural disaster happening time of Fangshan District through grey catastrophic model, aimed at giving decision support to related department and strengthen the disaster prevention power targetedly.

It is well known that the greater the system, the steadier it is, and the easier to forecast it. Fangshan District, Beijing, is a medium-sized and small system in regional research, while townships are small systems. It is rarely a big challenge for the authors to forecast the disaster years in Fangshan and its collaborative townships. In this paper, the authors used grey system model and Markov transfer matrix in forecasting the disaster years and the disaster grade of flood in Fangshan District. All of them are new trying to using grey system theory in disaster forecast for Fangshan District, Beijing.

The smoothness of the high-speed railway (HSR) on the bridge may exceed the allowable standard when an earthquake causes vibrations for HSR bridges, which may threaten the safety of running trains. Indeed, few studies have evaluated the exceeding probability of rail displacement exceeding the allowable standard. The purposes of this article are to provide a method for investigating the exceeding probability of the rail displacement of HSRs under seismic excitation and to calculate the exceeding probability.

In order to investigate the exceeding probability of the rail displacement under different seismic excitations, the workflow of analyzing the smoothness of the rail based on incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is proposed, and the intensity measure and limit state for the exceeding probability analysis of HSRs are defined. Then a finite element model (FEM) of an assumed HSR track-bridge system is constructed, which comprises a five-span simply-supported girder bridge supporting a finite length CRTS II ballastless track. Under different seismic excitations, the seismic displacement response of the rail is calculated; the character of the rail displacement is analyzed; and the exceeding probability of the rail vertical displacement exceeding the allowable standard (2mm) is investigated.

The results show that: (1) The bridge-abutment joint position may form a step-like under seismic excitation, threatening the running safety of high-speed trains under seismic excitations, and the rail displacements at mid-span positions are bigger than that at other positions on the bridge. (2) The exceeding probability of rail displacement is up to about 44% when PGA = 0.01g, which is the level-five risk probability and can be described as 'very likely to happen'. (3) The exceeding probability of the rail at the mid-span positions is bigger than that above other positions of the bridge, and the mid-span positions of the track-bridge system above the bridge may be the most hazardous area for the running safety of trains under seismic excitation when high-speed trains run on bridges.

The work extends the seismic hazardous analysis of HSRs and would lead to a better understanding of the exceeding probability for the rail of HSRs under seismic excitations and better references for the alert of the HSR operation.

This study proposes low-carbon technology (LCT) solutions from the perspective of incremental cost-effectiveness and public satisfaction based on calculating carbon emissions and economic costs.

According to the citation frequency, 11 indicators of low-carbon neighborhood (LCN) were selected so as to construct the low-carbon renewal potential evaluation model. Five neighborhoods were selected to evaluate low-carbon renewal potential based on the driving-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR). Moreover, the neighborhoods with the highest renewal potential were selected for further analysis. Then, the feasibility decision was carried out among seven typical LCTs based on the value engineering (VE) method. Finally, the TOPSIS method was applied to calculate the public satisfaction and demand so as to get the priorities of these LCTs. Through comprehensive analysis, the final LCT solutions could be carried out.

Our practice proves that the evaluation model combined with the decision-making methods can provide scientific decision-making support for the LCT solutions. Some LCTs perform consistently across different neighborhoods by comparing VE results and TOPSIS rankings. The solar photovoltaic (PV) (T3) has high value and significant attention which gives it a top priority for development, while the energy-efficient windows and doors (T2) have relatively low value.

There is a lack of research that considers the economic cost, low-carbon efficiency and public satisfaction when proposing LCT solutions for neighborhood renewal projects. Faced with the problem, we practice the decision-making from two dimensions, that is, the “feasibility decision with VE” and the “priorities decision with TOPSIS.” In this way, a balance between incremental cost-effectiveness and public satisfaction is achieved, and LCT solutions are proposed.

The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive analysis of risk management in East Asia from 1998 to 2021 by using bibliometric methods and tools to explore research trends, hotspots, and directions for future research.

The data source for this paper is the Web of Science Core Collection, and 7,154 publications and related information have been derived. We use recognized bibliometric indicators to evaluate publications and visually analyze them through scientific mapping tools (VOS Viewer and CiteSpace).

The analysis results show that China is the most productive and influential country/region. East Asia countries have strong cooperation with each other and also have cooperation with other countries. The study shows that risk management has been involved in various fields such as credit, supply chain, health emergency and disaster especially in the background of COVID-19. We also found that machine learning, especially deep learning, has been playing an increasingly important role in risk management due to its excellent performance.

This paper focuses on studying risk management in East Asia, exploring its publication's fundamental information, citation and cooperation networks, hotspots, and research trends. It provides some reference value for scholars who are interested or further research in this field.