Scott Lewis, Helen Rosenberg and Robert T. Sigler
Community policing has evolved from a set of programs to a conceptual framework describing one way that police services can be effectively delivered. As this approach has emerged…
Abstract
Community policing has evolved from a set of programs to a conceptual framework describing one way that police services can be effectively delivered. As this approach has emerged, the level of evaluation of specific programs has been higher than has traditionally been the case. At the present time, program evaluations are becoming more sophisticated and focused. The study reported here was designed to measure the attitudes held by police officers toward community policing with a set of sub‐scales designed to measure different dimensions of the attitudinal construct. Findings are based on a survey of the population of police officers in Racine, Wisconsin, conducted in 1997.
Details
Keywords
The publication rate and volume of bibliographies on women's studies in the past ten years have grown dramatically. As an interdisciplinary field of scholarship, women's studies…
Abstract
The publication rate and volume of bibliographies on women's studies in the past ten years have grown dramatically. As an interdisciplinary field of scholarship, women's studies covers a vast array of subjects. For this reason, most of the bibliographies being published are fairly specialized. That is, they cover specific aspects of women's studies such as history or education. The very excellent Esther Stineman work, Women's Studies: A Recommended Core Bibliography (discussed more fully below), which has a cutoff date of 1978, includes 90 bibliographies itself. This author has easily identified nearly 30 women's studies bibliographies published separately since 1978 and many more soon to be published.
This article aims to explore the work lives and contributions of a group of women employed at the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency in the early twentieth century.
Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to explore the work lives and contributions of a group of women employed at the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency in the early twentieth century.
Design/methodology/approach
Archival source material from the J. Walter Thompson Company archives at Duke University includes personnel files, advertising campaign reports, and meeting minutes. The archival work is placed in historical context.
Findings
The J. Walter Thompson Women's Editorial Department played a significant role in the development of advertising and in furthering women's opportunities as advertising professionals.
Originality/value
Advertising was one of the few male‐dominated professions open to women in the early years of the twentieth century. An exploration of these women's work experiences greatly enhances our understanding of the field, of women's roles as advertisers, and of women's roles as consumers.
Details
Keywords
Roger Bennett and Helen Gabriel
Respondents in 86 UK companies known to engage in the sponsorship of schools and school activities participated in a survey designed to investigate the extent to which sample…
Abstract
Respondents in 86 UK companies known to engage in the sponsorship of schools and school activities participated in a survey designed to investigate the extent to which sample firms perceived and managed their schools sponsorship programmes as commercial investments rather than as philanthropic donations. The study also examined the reasons for schools sponsorship, how closely it was integrated with other forms of marketing communications, the location of responsibility for its administration, whether it was leveraged by other marketing communications instruments and how it was monitored and evaluated. Cluster and multiple group discriminant analyses were completed to identify the characteristics of the sample businesses which adopted materialistic as opposed to altruistic approaches towards the practice.
Helen Woodruffe‐Burton and Susan Wakenshaw
The research presented in this article aims to extend our understanding of the symbolic and experiential values of shopping through the investigation of consumers' grocery…
Abstract
Purpose
The research presented in this article aims to extend our understanding of the symbolic and experiential values of shopping through the investigation of consumers' grocery shopping and consumption experiences.
Design/methodology/approach
The research approach was based on the existential phenomenological interview; ten women living in the UK who were in paid employment outside the home at the time of the study, who were married (or living with their partner) and who had at least one child living at home participated in the study which explored their lived experiences of grocery shopping and consumption.
Findings
The findings reveal that consumers can construct various dimensions and levels of self/identity through their food shopping and consumption practices through their shopping experiences and in conjunction with various resources and support provided by retailers. Four key themes are identified and explored: “I am in control”; “I am me”; “I share and I love”; and “I belong”.
Research limitations/implications
The present study is exploratory in nature; it identifies four key themes which appear significant and provides a starting point for further research.
Originality/value
This paper explores the ways in which shopping confirms consumers' personal identity, social position and social identity and contributes to the literature in two ways: the research extends our understanding of the experiential values of shopping by extending the domain of enquiry from consumers' experiences in‐store to the actual consumption phase and consumers' self identity is investigated through the exploration of individual consumers' lived shopping and consumption experiences from an holistic perspective.
Details
Keywords
Nikita Rao, Jessica Kumar, Erin A. Weeks, Shannon Self-Brown, Cathleen E. Willging, Mary Helen O'Connor and Daniel J. Whitaker
Parent–child relationships formed in early childhood have profound implications for a child’s development and serve as a determinant for bio-social outcomes in adulthood. Positive…
Abstract
Purpose
Parent–child relationships formed in early childhood have profound implications for a child’s development and serve as a determinant for bio-social outcomes in adulthood. Positive parenting behaviors play a strong role in this development and are especially impactful during times of crisis because they buffer stressors that may lead to externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Children of forced migrants experience numerous extreme stressors and their parents may struggle with parenting due to their own adjustment and trauma histories. The purpose of this study is to understand how these parents conceptualize their struggles with parenting upon resettlement.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 migrant parents from three communities (Afghan, Burmese and Congolese) to understand their parenting experiences. The authors applied thematic text analysis to analyze the data.
Findings
The authors identified four interrelated themes on parenting challenges across responses: adjustment to a new culture, acculturation differences, fear for children and balancing multiple responsibilities. The findings demonstrate that parents of different cultural backgrounds share certain experiences when negotiating a new cultural identity after resettlement. Providing educational programs that focus on these concerns may result in better outcomes for both parent and child.
Originality/value
These findings extend and reinforce the existing literature on parenting in a new context. While the parents in this research come from different cultures, they share certain experiences that are important to consider when developing parenting programs, social services and other interventions, such as what may be negotiable and nonnegotiable practices for parents of different cultures.
Details
Keywords
At least three demographic trends in the twentieth century are having a tremendous impact on the patterns of women's lives. With increased life expectancy, reduced birth‐rate, and…
Abstract
At least three demographic trends in the twentieth century are having a tremendous impact on the patterns of women's lives. With increased life expectancy, reduced birth‐rate, and expanded occupational mobility, the life cycle of the American female has undergone great change. At midlife, many women today begin roles new to them—widow/divorcee, student, salaried employee, head‐of‐household are usually discussed. They may be confronted with new challenges—entering or reentering the labor force, returning to school, renewing old skills and roles—or may merely be struggling to survive. Rarely mentioned are the never‐married women and the fact that most people work because they must acquire the basics for themselves and/or for others.
Patrick West and Helen Sweeting
Challenges the assumption, prevalent in education and in health education, that a sense of high self‐esteem is a key ingredient for success in educational achievement and the…
Abstract
Challenges the assumption, prevalent in education and in health education, that a sense of high self‐esteem is a key ingredient for success in educational achievement and the adoption of a healthy lifestyle. Describes the measurement of self‐esteem and “street‐oriented” leisure among a cohort of about 1,000 young people aged 15 in 1987 who are the subject of the West of Scotland Twenty‐07 Study: Health in the Community. Finds that there is no relationship between self‐esteem and health behaviours such as smoking, drinking, illicit drug use and early sexual experience. Also finds that 15‐year‐olds who were most “street‐oriented” were more likely to smoke, drink, have used drugs and to be more sexually experienced than peers who were not involved in this lifestyle. Defines two groups, “lost souls”, who have “low” self‐esteem but who are neither very involved with nor very detached from school, nor very involved with or very detached from “street‐oriented” leisure; and “rebels”, who are very detached from school and who derive a sense of identity and self‐esteem from “street culture”. Observes that it is encouraging that this latter group is to some extent aware of the risks of their unhealthy behaviours. Quotes data from a similar study among 11‐year‐olds, which suggest that the categories of “lost souls” and “rebels” already exist at earlier ages. Concludes that, although the aim of fostering self‐esteem is a worthy one, it is unlikely to have the secondary effect of reducing the likelihood that young people will adopt unhealthy lifestyles.
Details
Keywords
We've been living in a homogenous world, you know a world centered on and seen through the language perceptions of men. The consequences of this for everything that we take for…
Abstract
We've been living in a homogenous world, you know a world centered on and seen through the language perceptions of men. The consequences of this for everything that we take for granted, for all our assumptions are very deep. Feminism, in the sense I use it, is a radical complexity thought in the process of transforming itself. It is a kind of breaking open of not only the oversimplification but of the lies and the silence in which so much of human experience has been cloaked. Too much has been left out, too much has been unmentioned, too much has been made taboo. Too many connections have been disguised or denied. (Interview with Adrienne Rich, Christopher Street, Jan. 1977, pp. 9–16.)