Stephanie Grace Prost, Cynthia Golembeski, Vyjeyanthi S. Periyakoil, Jalayne Arias, Andrea K. Knittel, Jessica Ballin, Heather D. Oliver and Nguyen-Toan Tran
The targeted use of standardized outcome measures (SOMs) of mental health in research with older adults who are incarcerated promotes a common language that enables…
Abstract
Purpose
The targeted use of standardized outcome measures (SOMs) of mental health in research with older adults who are incarcerated promotes a common language that enables interdisciplinary dialogue, contributes to the identification of disparities and supports data harmonization and subsequent synthesis. This paper aims to provide researchers with rationale for using “gold-standard” measures used in research with community-dwelling older adults, reporting associated study sample psychometric indexes, and detailing alterations in the approach or measure.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors highlight the mental health of older adults who are incarcerated. They also discuss the benefits of SOMs in practice and research and then identify gold-standard measures of mental health used in research with community-dwelling older adults and measures used in research with older adults who are incarcerated. Finally, the authors provide several recommendations related to the use of SOMs of mental health in research with this population.
Findings
Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder are common among older adults who are incarcerated. Researchers have used a variety of measures to capture these mental health problems, some parallel to those used with community-dwelling samples. However, a more targeted use of SOMs of mental health in research with this population will contribute to important strides in this burgeoning field.
Originality/value
This review offers several practical recommendations related to SOMs of mental health in research with older adults who are incarcerated to contribute to a rigorous evidence base and thus inform practice and potentially improve the health and well-being of this population.
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Oliver Gafvert, Peter Grindrod, Heather A. Harrington, Catherine F. Higham, Desmond J. Higham and Ka Man Yim
Consider an information processing algorithm that is designed to process an input data object onto an output data object via a number of successive internal {\it layers} and…
Abstract
Purpose
Consider an information processing algorithm that is designed to process an input data object onto an output data object via a number of successive internal {\it layers} and mappings between them. The possible activation state within each layer can be represented as a cube within Euclidean space of a high dimension (e.g. equal to the number of artificial neurons at that level). Multiple instances of such input objects produce a point cloud within each layer’s cube: this is the “representation of the reality” at that layer, as sampled by the set of input objects.
Design/methodology/approach
Most neural networks reduce the dimension of each layer’s cube from layer to successive layer. This gives the false impression of refining the inner representations of reality, distilling it down to fewer dimensions from which to discriminate or to infer outcomes (whatever is the aim). However, the representation of reality realised within each layer’s cube is a manifold, a curved subset embedded within it and of much lower dimension. Investigations show that such manifolds may not always be reducing in their local dimension. Instead, the manifold may become folded over and over, filling up further dimensions and creating non-realistic (unforeseeable) proximities.
Findings
We discuss some of the likely consequences of these relatively unforeseen characteristics and, in particular, the possible vulnerability of such algorithms to non-realistic perturbations. We consider a possible response to this issue.
Practical implications
New forms of calibration are necessary, using geometric/topological loss functions, as opposed to simple (variation-limiting) regularisation terms.
Originality/value
We apply persistent homology methods to understand how the images of the point cloud (representing the sampled reality) change as they pass from layer to layer.
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W. Chad Carlos, Wesley D. Sine, Brandon H. Lee and Heather A. Haveman
Social movements can disrupt existing industries and inspire the emergence of new markets by drawing attention to problems with the status quo and promoting alternatives. We…
Abstract
Social movements can disrupt existing industries and inspire the emergence of new markets by drawing attention to problems with the status quo and promoting alternatives. We examine how the influence of social movements on entrepreneurial activity evolves as the markets they foster mature. Theoretically, we argue that the success of social movements in furthering market expansion leads to three related outcomes. First, the movement-encouraged development of market infrastructure reduces the need for continued social movement support. Second, social movements’ efforts on behalf of new markets increase the importance of resource availability for market entry. Third, market growth motivates countermovement that reduce the beneficial impact of initiator movements on entrepreneurial activity. We test these arguments by analyzing evolving social movement dynamics and entrepreneurial activity in the US wind power industry from 1992 to 2007. We discuss the implications of our findings for the study of social movements, stakeholder management, sustainability, and entrepreneurship.
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A creative identity, the incorporation of creativity into self-definition, is associated with creative outcomes. Given the importance of creativity to organizational success…
Abstract
A creative identity, the incorporation of creativity into self-definition, is associated with creative outcomes. Given the importance of creativity to organizational success, understanding creative identity and in particular creative identity work (the formation and maintenance of creative identity) can be useful in understanding creatives within organizations. To be considered creative, individuals need to not only produce unique artefacts, but these artefacts need to be assessed by legitimate judges as being creative. Judges may be within an organization (e.g., senior researchers within a laboratory) or may be external to an organization (e.g., award judges in international advertising competitions). Underpinning creative identity work is the creative assessment, however this assessment is ambiguous and contextual. In other words, what is considered creative in one context or by one judge may not be considered creative in another context or by different judges. The ambiguity of the creative assessment makes creative identity work a precarious undertaking. Based on two case studies – a R&D laboratory and an advertising agency – this research explores the strategies which creative individuals employ in their creative identity work in response to the ambiguity of the creative assessment. This research contributes to the growing area of creative identity research by unpacking three specific strategies used as part of identity work of creatives: defending, emotional distancing and differentiating. These strategies assist the creatives in maintaining a coherent sense of who they are within the organizational context despite the unpredictability of the creative assessment.
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Heather Skinner and Haydn Blackey
Globalisation of higher education (HE) is becoming increasingly significant with institutions in Europe, America and Australasia looking for new opportunities to engage with…
Abstract
Globalisation of higher education (HE) is becoming increasingly significant with institutions in Europe, America and Australasia looking for new opportunities to engage with students from Asia and Africa, either by delivering in their own countries or by attracting them to study in the institution’s home country. Business and Management Studies are in increasing demand in emerging economies, and are often used as a higher education institution’s route into engagement in new markets. This paper uses case study methodology to provide four comparative cases; these show how one institution used technology enhanced learning to offer its business curriculum in a variety of contexts to different groups of students. The cases highlight two examples which use a technology enhanced approach, with faculty travelling to the student’s home institution to deliver in block‐mode supported with online material or with students travelling to the UK for weekend blocks, again supplemented online. The other two case study examples are primarily online. The cases indicate that a technology enhanced approach has been successful in terms of the students’ experiences of “British” education in a non‐traditional context. An “online only” approach has proved less successful in engaging students from different cultural backgrounds in a “British” educational experience.
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The term “curriculum” has been used almost exclusively in educational circles to refer to plans for the conduct of learning lessons in school classrooms. This paper argues that…
Abstract
The term “curriculum” has been used almost exclusively in educational circles to refer to plans for the conduct of learning lessons in school classrooms. This paper argues that the concept can be productively expanded to describe learning processes in workplaces, including those in which learning is not the intentional outcome of an interaction. The article first reviews conventional conceptions of curriculum, and then draws on theories of cognition and learning base in phenomenology, symbolic interactionism and situated learning to identify some of the features of a naturally‐occurring curriculum in the workplace: the socio‐technical and pragmatic elements of the knowledge used in the work environment, the classification and framing of knowledge‐use, and the extent to which participants are expected to use the various forms of knowledge. That is, curriculum is essentially a socially‐constructed ordering of the knowledge‐use in a social context. These concepts are applied to two settings in which high school interns were supposed to be learning something: a history museum and a veterinary clinic.
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Jinsoo Hwang, Kyu-Hyeon Joo, Heather Markham Kim and Kwang-Woo Lee
The purpose of this study examined the effect of the eight dimensions of consumer innovativeness on brand satisfaction. In addition, this study investigated how brand satisfaction…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study examined the effect of the eight dimensions of consumer innovativeness on brand satisfaction. In addition, this study investigated how brand satisfaction affects brand preference and brand loyalty. Lastly, how brand preference plays to form brand loyalty was also explored.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted via an online platform with the participants using an online firm in South Korea to evaluate the proposed research model. The data was collected from 326 people who used a coffee shop where robots provide the services.
Findings
The data analysis results indicated that the five dimensions of consumer innovativeness, which include novelty seeking, openness, quality experience seeking, hedonic experience seeking and social distinctiveness, aid to enhance brand satisfaction. Furthermore, it was discovered that brand satisfaction plays an important role with the formation of brand preference and brand loyalty.
Originality/value
There are few studies which focus how coffee consumers assess the value of a coffee brand. Thus, it would be meaningful to examine what impacts of consumer innovativeness exist in regards to robotic barista services that are related to brand satisfaction, brand preference and brand loyalty.
研究目的
本研究考察了消费者创新性的八个维度对品牌满意度的影响。此外, 本研究还调查了品牌满意度如何影响品牌偏好和品牌忠诚度。最后, 还探讨了品牌偏好在形成品牌忠诚度方面的作用。
研究方法
本研究通过在线平台在韩国进行了一项调查, 参与者使用一家提供机器人服务的咖啡店进行评估。数据收集自326名在该咖啡店使用服务的顾客。
研究发现
数据分析结果表明, 包括新奇寻求、开放性、品质体验寻求、享乐体验寻求和社交独特性在内的五个消费者创新性维度有助于提高品牌满意度。此外, 品牌满意度在品牌偏好和品牌忠诚度的形成中起着重要作用。
研究创新
目前很少有研究关注咖啡消费者如何评估咖啡品牌的价值。因此, 对于与品牌满意度、品牌偏好和品牌忠诚度相关的机器人咖啡师服务消费者创新性影响的研究具有重要意义。
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Lianne M. Lefsrud, Heather Graves and Nelson Phillips
This study illuminates how organizational actors use images in their struggle to define a contested industry. By leveraging social semiotics and visual rhetoric, we examine how…
Abstract
This study illuminates how organizational actors use images in their struggle to define a contested industry. By leveraging social semiotics and visual rhetoric, we examine how multimodal texts (combining words and images) are used to label and reframe an industry using technical, environmental, human-rights, and preservation-of-life criteria. Building on theories of legitimation, we find that for this industry, contesting attempts at legitimacy work are escalated along a moral hierarchy. We offer an approach for examining how actors draw from broader meaning systems, use visual rhetoric in multimodal texts, and employ dual processes of legitimation and de-legitimation.
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Lauren W. Collins and Lysandra Cook
The use of verbal reinforcement has longstanding support in encouraging desired student responses. For students with learning and behavioral disabilities, the use of verbal…
Abstract
The use of verbal reinforcement has longstanding support in encouraging desired student responses. For students with learning and behavioral disabilities, the use of verbal reinforcement through behavior specific praise (BSP) and feedback are promising practices for improving academic and behavioral outcomes. While these strategies are relatively straightforward to implement, they are often applied inappropriately. Thus, specific guidelines should be followed to ensure that BSP and feedback are used effectively. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of BSP and feedback related specifically to students with learning and behavioral disabilities, provide theoretical and empirical support for these practices, offer research-based recommendations for implementation, and identify common errors to avoid.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the changes in gender‐biased employment practices that it is perceived have occurred in New Zealand accountancy workplaces over the last 30…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the changes in gender‐biased employment practices that it is perceived have occurred in New Zealand accountancy workplaces over the last 30 years, using Oliver's model of deinstitutionalization.
Design/methodology/approach
Sequential interviewing was carried out with 69 experienced chartered accountants and three human resource managers, and at a later date with nine young female accountants.
Findings
Evidence is presented of perceived political, functional and social pressures cumulatively contributing to deinstitutionalization of overt gender‐biased employment practices, with social and legislative changes being the most influential. Deinstitutionalization appears incomplete as some more subtle gender‐biased practices still remain in New Zealand's accountancy workplaces, relating particularly to senior‐level positions.
Research limitations/implications
This study adds to understanding of how professions evolve. The purposeful bias in the sample selection, the small size of two of the interviewee groups, and the diversity in the interviewees' workplaces are recognized limitations.
Practical implications
Identification of further cultural change is required to deinstitutionalize the more subtle gender‐biased practices in accountancy organizations. This could help to avoid a serious deficiency of senior chartered accountants in practice in the future.
Originality/value
This paper represents one of a limited number of empirical applications of the deinstitutionalization model to organizational change and is the first to address the issue of gender‐biased practices in a profession. The use of sequential interviewing of different age groups, in order to identify and corroborate perceptions of organizational change is a novel approach.